{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:39:15Z","timestamp":1790735955700,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":184,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,2]],"date-time":"2014-02-02T22:32:51Z","timestamp":1391380371000},"page":"168-181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A review on the temporal pattern of deer\u2013vehicle accidents: Impact of seasonal, diurnal and lunar effects in cervids"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Steiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Leisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hackl\u00e4nder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.2307\/3800431","article-title":"Deer\u2013car accidents in southern Michigan","volume":"40","author":"Allen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0010","series-title":"Swedish Road Administration Report Nr. 33","first-page":"16","article-title":"The animal accident project. Part 2. Situational report","author":"Almkvist","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0015","first-page":"79","article-title":"Moose\u2013train collisions: effects of environmental conditions","volume":"27","author":"Andersen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3106\/mammalstudy.28.135","article-title":"The relationship between deer\u2013train collisions and daily activity of the sika deer, Cervus nippon","volume":"28","author":"Ando","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mammal Study"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0025","series-title":"European Ungulates and Their Management in the 21st Century","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.2307\/1933949","article-title":"Circadian activity pattern with two peaks","volume":"47","author":"Aschoff","year":"1966","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2981\/wlb.2001.007","article-title":"Partial migration by large ungulates: characteristics of seasonal moose Alces alces ranges in northern Sweden","volume":"7","author":"Ball","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0040","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"1","article-title":"Habitat fragmentation due to infrastructure","author":"Bekker","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0045","first-page":"45","article-title":"Moose collisions with vehicles and trains in northeastern Minnesota","volume":"31","author":"Belant","year":"1995","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.2307\/3799596","article-title":"Deer mortality on a Pennsylvania interstate highway","volume":"35","author":"Bellis","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(05)80882-6","article-title":"Spring migration and dispersion of woodland caribou at calving","volume":"39","author":"Bergerud","year":"1990","journal-title":"Animal Behaviour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0060","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2001 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"433","article-title":"Description and analysis of vehicle and train collisions with wildlife in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada, 1951\u20131999","author":"Bertwistle","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1894\/0038-4909(2004)049<0384:AVAATL>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Animal-related accidents at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico","volume":"49","author":"Biggs","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Southwestern Naturalist"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0070","first-page":"122","article-title":"Locations of deer\u2013vehicle collisions are unrelated to traffic volume or posted speed limit","volume":"2","author":"Bissonette","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Wildlife Conflicts"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2011.09.011","article-title":"Factors affecting mortality of vertebrates on the roads in the Czech Republic","volume":"17","author":"Borkovcov\u00e1","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(91)90251-R","article-title":"Migratory behavior and management of elk (Cervus elaphus)","volume":"29","author":"Boyce","year":"1991","journal-title":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2307\/3796798","article-title":"Elk migration patterns, and some of the factors affecting movements in the Gallatin River drainage, Montana","volume":"17","author":"Brazda","year":"1953","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.2193\/0022-541X(2005)069[1099:MOFWDE]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Movement of female white-tailed deer: effects of climate and intensive row-crop agriculture","volume":"69","author":"Brinkman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.2307\/3808819","article-title":"Movement and migration patterns of Mule deer in southeastern Idaho","volume":"56","author":"Brown","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0100","series-title":"Transactions of the VIIth Congress of the International Union of Game Biologists","first-page":"343","article-title":"Twenty-four hour periodicity in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.)","author":"Bubenik","year":"1967"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0706.2011.19441.x","article-title":"Partial migration in roe deer: migratory and resident tactics are end points of a behavioural gradient determined by ecological factors","volume":"120","author":"Cagnacci","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.2307\/3800400","article-title":"Distribution and activity of white-tailed deer along an interstate highway","volume":"39","author":"Carbaugh","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0115","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2001 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"605","article-title":"Addressing wildlife mortality on highways in Washington","author":"Carey","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(91)90141-J","article-title":"Space use by red deer in a Mediterranean ecosystem as determined by radio-tracking","volume":"30","author":"Carranza","year":"1991","journal-title":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1081\/CBI-100102108","article-title":"Circadian rhythms of performance: new trends","volume":"17","author":"Carrier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chronobiology International"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0587.1989.tb00820.x","article-title":"Activity patterns in moose and roe deer in a north boreal forest","volume":"12","author":"Cederlund","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ecography"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.2307\/3801014","article-title":"Summer movements of female moose and dispersal of their offspring","volume":"51","author":"Cederlund","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0140","first-page":"41","article-title":"Moose mortality on highways and railways in British Columbia","volume":"27","author":"Child","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.02.013","article-title":"Young driver accidents in the UK: the influence of age, experience, and time of day","volume":"38","author":"Clarke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0150","series-title":"Red Deer: Behavior and Ecology of the Two Sexes","author":"Clutton-Brock","year":"1982"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-010-0446-1","article-title":"Factors influencing wolf Canis lupus roadkills in Northwest Spain","volume":"57","author":"Colino-Rabanal","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Wildlife Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1139\/z01-186","article-title":"Twenty-four-hour feeding and lying patterns of wild reindeer Rangifer tarandus tarandus in summer","volume":"79","author":"Colman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0165","first-page":"407","article-title":"Review of human injuries, illnesses, and economic losses caused by wildlife in the United States","volume":"23","author":"Conover","year":"1995","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0170","series-title":"Highway Roadkill, Safety, and Associated Issues of Safety and Impact on Highway Ecotones","author":"Cook","year":"1995"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1177\/074873099129000876","article-title":"Commentary: models of the effect of light on the human circadian system: current state of the art","volume":"14","author":"Czeisler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Rhythms"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.2193\/0091-7648(2006)34[1175:EOWWRF]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Evaluation of wildlife warning reflectors for altering white-tailed deer behavior along roadways","volume":"34","author":"D\u0301Angelo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.4081\/ijas.2007.1s.848","article-title":"An analysis of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) traffic collisions in the Belluno province, eastern Italian Alps","volume":"6","author":"Dal Compare","year":"2007","journal-title":"Italian Journal of Animal Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.2193\/2008-358","article-title":"Temporal, spatial, and landscape habitat characteristics of moose\u2013vehicle collisions in Western Maine","volume":"74","author":"Danks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0195","series-title":"Deer-Related Vehicular Accidents in Tompkins County","first-page":"21","author":"Decker","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0200","first-page":"1","article-title":"Moose vehicle interactions and an associated public awareness program on the Kenai peninsula, Alaska","volume":"27","author":"Del Frate","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2011.01.002","article-title":"Assessing methods of mitigating wildlife\u2013vehicle collisions by accident characterization and spatial analysis","volume":"16","author":"Diaz-Varela","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1126\/science.63.1620.69","article-title":"Is the automobile exterminating the woodpecker?","volume":"63","author":"Dill","year":"1926","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0215","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"461","article-title":"Characteristics of elk\u2013vehicle collisions and comparison to GPS-determined highway crossing patterns","author":"Dodd","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/11956860.2004.11682839","article-title":"Behavioural responses of moose to thermal conditions in the boreal forest","volume":"11","author":"Dussault","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ecoscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2981\/0909-6396(2006)12[415:TASDOM]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Temporal and spatial distribution of moose\u2013vehicle accidents in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve, Quebec, Canada","volume":"12","author":"Dussault","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.2307\/1381086","article-title":"Movement and activity patterns of Mule deer in the Sagebrush-Steppe region","volume":"65","author":"Eberhardt","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Mammalogy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0235","first-page":"201","article-title":"Rehwildhege und Stra\u00dfenverkehr","volume":"123","author":"Eiberle","year":"1972","journal-title":"Schweizerische Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Forstwesen"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.3957\/0379-4369-38.2.153","article-title":"Temporal patterns of animal-related traffic accidents in the Eastern Cape, South Africa","volume":"38","author":"Eloff","year":"2008","journal-title":"South African Journal of Wildlife Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0245","first-page":"31","article-title":"The impact of hunting on moose movements","volume":"32","author":"Ericsson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.2307\/3803183","article-title":"Survival and movements of white-tailed deer in suburban Chicago, Illinois","volume":"66","author":"Etter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0255","series-title":"Cluster Analysis","author":"Everitt","year":"2011"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.2193\/2006-085","article-title":"County-level factors contributingto deer\u2013vehicle collisions in Arkansas","volume":"71","author":"Farell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.2307\/3801112","article-title":"Effects of interstate highway fencing on white-tailed deer activity","volume":"50","author":"Feldhamer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1126\/science.63.1634.426-a","article-title":"The automobile and wild life","volume":"63","author":"Flint","year":"1926","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.207","article-title":"Roads and their major ecological effects","volume":"29","author":"Forman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1890\/04-0953","article-title":"Wolves influence elk movements: behavior shapes a trophic cascade in Yellowstone National Park","volume":"86","author":"Fortin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0285","first-page":"181","article-title":"Sightings of moose, deer, and bears on roads in northern Ontario","volume":"7","author":"Fraser","year":"1979","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0290","first-page":"266","article-title":"Moose\u2013vehicle accidents in Ontario: a repugnant solution?","volume":"10","author":"Fraser","year":"1982","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0295","first-page":"261","article-title":"Moose\u2013vehicle accidents in Ontario: relation to highway salt","volume":"10","author":"Fraser","year":"1982","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0300","first-page":"187","article-title":"Nocturnal movements of white-tailed deer: implications for refinement of track-count surveys","volume":"23","author":"Fritzen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4375(99)00017-1","article-title":"Characteristics of moose\u2013vehicle collisions in Anchorage, Alaska, 1991\u20131995","volume":"30","author":"Garrett","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0310","first-page":"61","article-title":"Verkehrsopfer beim Damwild und die Auswirkung von \u00c4sungsfl\u00e4chen auf den Verkehrstod","volume":"27","author":"Geissler","year":"1981","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Jagdwissenschaft"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00376910","article-title":"Activity patterns of female red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in the Alps","volume":"49","author":"Georgii","year":"1981","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00399224","article-title":"Home range and activity patterns of male red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in the Alps","volume":"58","author":"Georgii","year":"1983","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0325","article-title":"Monitoring the Status of European and North American Cervids","author":"Gill","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.05.013","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle collisions, deer density, and land use in Iowa's urban deer herd management zones","volume":"42","author":"Gkritza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0335","first-page":"281","article-title":"Factors influencing deer\u2013vehicle mortality in east central South Dakota","volume":"25","author":"Gleason","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prairie Naturalist"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2307\/3809041","article-title":"Seasonal cycles and daily activity patterns of Rocky Mountain elk","volume":"54","author":"Green","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.1996.10041059.x","article-title":"Ungulate traffic collisions in Europe","volume":"10","author":"Groot-Bruinderink","year":"1996","journal-title":"Conservation Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0350","first-page":"48","article-title":"Factors affecting road mortality of white-tailed deer in eastern South Dakota","volume":"2","author":"Grovenburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human\u2013Wildlife Conflicts"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.2307\/3802878","article-title":"Seasonal movements and habitat use of female white-tailed deer associated with an urban park","volume":"66","author":"Grund","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2981\/wlb.1998.007","article-title":"The risk of moose Alces alces collision: a predictive logistic model for moose\u2013train accidents","volume":"4","author":"Gundersen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0365","first-page":"385","article-title":"Spatial and temporal correlates to Norwegian moose\u2013train collisions","volume":"34","author":"Gundersen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0370","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"355","article-title":"Large animal\u2013vehicle collisions in the central Canadian Rocky Mountains: patterns and characteristics","author":"Gunson","year":"2003"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.11.027","article-title":"Spatial wildlife\u2013vehicle collision models: a review of current work and ist application to transportation mitigation projects","volume":"92","author":"Gunson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(01)00352-X","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle crashes: extensive peak at 1 hour after sunset","volume":"21","author":"Haikonen","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0385","first-page":"55","article-title":"Erfassung der Verkehrsunf\u00e4lle mit Wild im Jahre 1989 in Nordrhein-Westfalen im Bereich der Polizeibeh\u00f6rden","volume":"37","author":"Hartwig","year":"1991","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Jagdwissenschaft"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0390","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluating the potential of the Otto\u00ae Wildlife GPS device to record roadside moose and deer locations for use in wildlife vehicle collision mitigation planning","volume":"1","author":"Hesse","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology in Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0395","first-page":"243","article-title":"Using road-kills as an index to moose population change","volume":"29","author":"Hicks","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0400","first-page":"185","article-title":"Das jahreszeitliche Verteilungsmuster und der \u00c4sungsdruck von Alpensteinbock, Gemse, Rothirsch und Reh in einem begrenzten Gebiet im Oberengadin","volume":"18","author":"Hofmann","year":"1972","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Jagdwissenschaft"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.2307\/3799944","article-title":"White-tailed deer migration and ist role in wolf predation","volume":"40","author":"Hoskinson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29510","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029510","article-title":"Large-scale model-based assessment of deer\u2013vehicle collision risk","volume":"7","author":"Hothorn","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2307\/3802740","article-title":"Factors influencing the location of deer\u2013vehicle accidents in Iowa","volume":"64","author":"Hubbard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0420","series-title":"Report to Congress","article-title":"Wildlife\u2013vehicle collision reduction study","author":"Huijser","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0425","first-page":"89","article-title":"Land-use pattern, urbanization, and deer\u2013vehicle collisions in Alabama","volume":"1","author":"Hussain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human\u2013Wildlife Conflicts"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1703.2003.00621.x","article-title":"Seasonal migration patterns of female sika deer in eastern Hokkaido, Japan","volume":"19","author":"Igota","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ecological Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0435","first-page":"84","article-title":"Spatial and temporal trends of deer harvest and deer\u2013vehicle accidents in Ohio","volume":"99","author":"Iverson","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Ohio Journal of Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2006.05.001","article-title":"Flattened fauna and mitigation: traffic victims related to road, traffic, vehicle, and species characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Jaarsma","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0445","first-page":"1","article-title":"The disturbing effects of orienteering and hunting on roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)","volume":"13","author":"Jeppesen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Danish Review of Game Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0450","first-page":"281","article-title":"Spatial and temporal distributions of moose\u2013vehicle collisions in Newfoundland","volume":"29","author":"Joyce","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1644\/06-MAMM-A-169R.1","article-title":"Activity patterns of red deer in Bia\u0142owie\u017ca National Park, Poland","volume":"88","author":"Kamler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Mammalogy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0460","series-title":"Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis","author":"Kaufman","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0465","series-title":"Report Prepared for: Graham Gilfillan","article-title":"Use of infrared camera video footage from a Wildlife Protection System to assess collision-risk behavior by deer in Kootenay National Park, British Columbia","author":"Kinley","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0470","first-page":"101","article-title":"What do we know about nocturnal activity of moose?","volume":"44","author":"Klassen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0475","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation, 614","first-page":"614","article-title":"National implications of regional deer\u2013vehicle crash data collection, migration, and trends","author":"Knapp","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0480","article-title":"Untersuchung der Wirtschaftlichkeit und Wirksamkeit der im Stra\u00dfennetz verwendeten Wildschutzeinrichtungen","volume":"138","author":"Knoflacher","year":"1980"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.09.022","article-title":"Driver's visual attention as a function of driving experience and visibility: using a driving simulator to explore drivers\u2019eye movements in day, night and rain driving","volume":"42","author":"Konstantopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2307\/3898794","article-title":"Influence of hunting on movements of female mule deer","volume":"41","author":"Kufeld","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Range Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-012-0614-6","article-title":"Temporal pattern of wild ungulate-related traffic accidents in northwest Spain","volume":"58","author":"Lagos","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Wildlife Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0500","series-title":"Final Report","article-title":"National Deer\u2013Vehicle Collisions Project. England (2003\u20132005)","author":"Langbein","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0505","series-title":"Final Report: Sept. 2006","article-title":"National Deer\u2013Vehicle Collisions Project. Scotland (2003\u20132005)","author":"Langbein","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0510","first-page":"118","article-title":"Moose\u2013vehicle relations in Sweden: a review","volume":"27","author":"Lavsund","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-007-0681-7","article-title":"Activity pattern of arctic reindeer in a predator-free environment: no need to keep a daily rhythm","volume":"152","author":"Loe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2307\/3803059","article-title":"Survival, mortality, and life expectancy of Florida Key deer","volume":"67","author":"Lopez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1139\/Z10-071","article-title":"Lack of behavioral responses of moose (Alces alces) to high ambient temperatures near the southern periphery of their range","volume":"88","author":"Lowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2003.10.003","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of red deer (Cervus elaphus)","volume":"31","author":"Ludt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2981\/wlb.2002.008","article-title":"Factors causing traffic killings of roe deer Capreolus capreolus in Denmark","volume":"8","author":"Madsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1139\/z98-137","article-title":"Timing and synchrony of activity in caribou","volume":"76","author":"Maier","year":"1998","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0545","series-title":"Interim Report","article-title":"Collisions between large wildlife species and motor vehicles in Maine","author":"Maine Interagency Work Group on Wildlife\/Motor Vehicle Collisions (MIWG)","year":"2001"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0021-8901.2004.00929.x","article-title":"Can we mitigate animal\u2013vehicle accidents using predictive models?","volume":"41","author":"Malo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0555","series-title":"Master Thesis","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle collisions: an understanding of accident characteristics and drivers\u2019 attitudes, awareness, and involvement","author":"Marcoux","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0560","series-title":"Proceedings of the 11th Wildlife Damage Management Conference","first-page":"363","article-title":"Situational characteristics associated with deer vehicle collisions in southeastern Michigan","author":"Marcoux","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.2307\/3798906","article-title":"Road kills show trends in Wisconsin deer populations","volume":"37","author":"McCaffery","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0570","first-page":"208","article-title":"Moose movement and mortality associated with the Glenn Highway expansion Anchorage Alaska","volume":"27","author":"McDonald","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0575","series-title":"The Science of Overabundance: Deer\u2013Ecology and Population Management","year":"1997"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.5962\/p.356890","article-title":"Use of roadside salt licks by moose, Alces alces, in northern New Hampshire","volume":"106","author":"Miller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Canadian Field Naturalist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0585","first-page":"193","article-title":"Train\u2013moose kill in Alaska: characteristics and relationships with snowpack depth and moose distribution in lower Susitna Valley","volume":"27","author":"Modafferi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.2307\/3798516","article-title":"Nocturnal movements and activity rhythms of white-tailed deer","volume":"27","author":"Montgomery","year":"1963","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1139\/z87-375","article-title":"Activity budgets and movement rates of caribou encountering pipelines, roads, and traffic in northern Alaska","volume":"65","author":"Murphy","year":"1987","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0600","series-title":"Completion Report Nr. WA-RD 701.1","article-title":"An analysis of deer and elk\u2013vehicle collision sites along State Highways in Washington State","author":"Myers","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1999.tb01011.x","article-title":"Seasonal migration pattern and home range of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in an altitudinal gradient in southern Norway","volume":"247","author":"Mysterud","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2981\/wlb.2004.026","article-title":"Temporal variation in the number of car-killed red deer Cervus elaphus in Norway","volume":"10","author":"Mysterud","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.5962\/p.358263","article-title":"Effects of hunting and loss of escape cover on movements and activity of female white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus","volume":"111","author":"Naugle","year":"1997","journal-title":"Canadian Field Naturalist"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.10.011","article-title":"Difference in spatiotemporal patterns of wildlife road-crossings and wildlife\u2013vehicle collisions","volume":"145","author":"Neumann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biological Conservation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0625","first-page":"34","article-title":"Landscape and traffic factors influencing deer\u2013vehicle collisions in an urban enviroment","volume":"2","author":"Ng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human\u2013Wildlife Conflicts"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2007.10.006","article-title":"Effectiveness of a highway overpass to promote landscape connectivity and movement of moose and roe deer in Sweden","volume":"85","author":"Olsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Landscape and Urban Planning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0635","first-page":"377","article-title":"Some aspects of moose\u2013vehicle collisions in eastern Newfoundland","volume":"22","author":"Oosenbrug","year":"1986","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0640","first-page":"220","article-title":"Moose\u2013vehicle collisions in Newfoundland\u2014management considerations for the 1990s","volume":"27","author":"Oosenbrug","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1071\/WR9890095","article-title":"Road-kills of the Swamp Wallaby, Wallabia bicolor, on North Stradbroke Island, south-east Queensland","volume":"16","author":"Osawa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Australian Wildlife Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0650","series-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 55, 1272\u20131274","article-title":"Injuries from motor\u2013vehicle collisions with Moose\u2014Maine, 2000\u20132004","author":"Pelletier","year":"2006"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-009-0267-2","article-title":"Seasonal and daily walking activity patterns of free-ranging adult red deer (Cervus elaphus) at the individual level","volume":"55","author":"P\u00e9pin","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Wildlife Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.2307\/3802706","article-title":"Seasonal and circadian changes in the home ranges of reintroduced Persian fallow deer","volume":"67","author":"Perelberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.2307\/3800117","article-title":"Moose movement patterns and range use in northwestern Minnesota","volume":"37","author":"Phillips","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0670","series-title":"MSc Thesis","article-title":"Spatial and temporal relationships between deer harvest and deer\u2013vehicle collisions at Oak Ridge reservation, Tennessee","author":"Pierce","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0675","series-title":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Research Report","first-page":"103","article-title":"The cost and chronology of Wisconsin deer\u2013vehicle collisions","author":"Pils","year":"1979"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2307\/3800469","article-title":"Effectiveness of a lighted, animated deer crossing sign","volume":"39","author":"Pojar","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0685","first-page":"177","article-title":"Roe deer\u2013vehicle collisions in Slovenia: situation, mitigation strategy and countermeasures","volume":"76","author":"Pokorny","year":"2006","journal-title":"Veterinarski Arhiv"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2307\/3800048","article-title":"Factors associated with highway mortality of white-tailed deer","volume":"38","author":"Puglisi","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1006\/jema.1997.0135","article-title":"Deer and road traffic accidents: options for management","volume":"51","author":"Putman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0700","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"478","article-title":"Effects of gender and season on spatial and temporal patterns of deer\u2013vehicle collisions","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2005"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173100-00006","article-title":"Vehicle\u2013moose accidents in Newfoundland","volume":"73A","author":"Rattey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0710","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0715","series-title":"Investigating Methods to Reduce Urban Moose-Related Vehicular Collisions Within the City of Prince George, British Columbia","author":"Rea","year":"2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1139\/z86-052","article-title":"Seasonal energy expenditures and thermoregulatory responses of moose","volume":"64","author":"Renecker","year":"1986","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.2307\/3801790","article-title":"Summer movements, home range, habitat use, and behavior of Mule deer fawns","volume":"48","author":"Riley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0730","series-title":"Environmental Factors Affecting the Frequency and Rate of Deer\u2013Vehicle Crashes (DVCs) in Southern Michigan: A Final Report","author":"Riley","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0735","series-title":"Report No. RC-1475","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle collisions: an understanding of accident characteristics and drivers\u2019 attitudes, awareness and involvement","author":"Riley","year":"2006"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.2307\/3800990","article-title":"Winter activity patterns of moose in interior Alaska","volume":"50","author":"Risenhoover","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0745","series-title":"Using Collision Data, GPS Technology and Expert Opinion to Develop Strategic Countermeasures Recommendations for Reducing Animal\u2013Vehicle Collisions in Northern British Columbia. Prince George, BC","author":"Road Health-University Wildlife Collision Mitigation Research (RHUWCMR) Team","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.07.032","article-title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of vehicle collisions involving wild boar and roe deer in NW Spain","volume":"60","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Morales","year":"2013","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0755","series-title":"Report for the Michigan State Police","article-title":"An ecological landscape study of deer\u2013vehicle collisions in Kent County, Michigan","author":"Rogers","year":"2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0760","first-page":"276","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle collisions: status of state monitoring activities and mitigation efforts","volume":"24","author":"Romin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0765","first-page":"145","article-title":"Effects of intensive hunting on white-tailed deer movement","volume":"16","author":"Root","year":"1988","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.2307\/3808741","article-title":"Distribution of mule deer and elk in relation to roads","volume":"43","author":"Rost","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2008.08.002","article-title":"Road crashes involving animals in Australia","volume":"40","author":"Rowden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0780","first-page":"60","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle collision trends at a suburban immunocontraception site","volume":"2","author":"Rutberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human\u2013Wildlife Conflicts"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0706.2009.17346.x","article-title":"What shapes intra-specific variation in home range size?. A case study of female roe deer","volume":"118","author":"Sa\u00efd","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0790","first-page":"227","article-title":"Reducing incidental moose mortality\u2014Considerations for management","volume":"27","author":"Schwartz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Alces"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2981\/wlb.2004.036","article-title":"Trends and spatial patterns in ungulate\u2013vehicle collisions in Sweden","volume":"10","author":"Seiler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"issue":"Special Issue","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.7557\/2.11.4.993","article-title":"Predation and caribou populations","volume":"7","author":"Seip","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rangifer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0805","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2001 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"473","article-title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of wildlife accident mitigation installations with the wildlife accident reporting system (WARS) in British Columbia","author":"Sielecki","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0810","series-title":"WARS 1983\u20132002: Wildlife Accident Reporting and Mitigation in British Columbia: Special Annual Report","author":"Sielecki","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0815","series-title":"Issues in Wildlife Economics and the Ecology\u2013Economics Interface","first-page":"60","article-title":"The economics of deer\/vehicle externalities","author":"Smathers","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0820","series-title":"Route et Faune Sauvage. Proceedings from a symposium in Strasbourg","first-page":"317","article-title":"Traffic accidents with moose and roe deer in Sweden: report of research, development and measures","author":"Skolving","year":"1987"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1890\/12-1052.1","article-title":"Wildlife mortality from infrastructure collisions: statistical medeling of count data from carcass surveys","volume":"94","author":"Stevens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1126\/science.61.1568.56","article-title":"The toll of the carmobile","volume":"61","author":"Stoner","year":"1925","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0835","series-title":"Master Thesis","article-title":"Environmental factors affecting the frequency and rate of deer\u2013vehicle crashes (DVCs) in southern Michigan","author":"Sudharsan","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.2193\/0091-7648(2004)032[0907:EOTWSI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Effectiveness of temporary warning signs in reducing deer\u2013vehicle collisions during mule deer migrations","volume":"32","author":"Sullivan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2307\/2403648","article-title":"Winter-range philopatry of seasonally migratory moose","volume":"26","author":"Sweanor","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0850","first-page":"218","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle collisions in Arkansas","volume":"59","author":"Tappe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.2307\/1937779","article-title":"Adaptations of some large North American Mammals for survival in snow","volume":"65","author":"Telfer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-012-0421-0","article-title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of road mitigation measures","volume":"22","author":"van der Grift","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biodiversity and Conservation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2193\/0091-7648(2006)34[191:FADMAR]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Fences and deer-damage management: a review of designs and efficacy","volume":"34","author":"VerCauteren","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0870","first-page":"63","article-title":"Verkehrsopfer beim Rehwild (Capreolus capreolus). Beispiel eines Waldgebietes des Pariser Beckens","volume":"34","author":"Vincent","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Jagdwissenschaft"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1995.tb01762.x","article-title":"Patterns of dispersal and seasonal migration in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)","volume":"235","author":"Wahlstr\u00f6m","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"issue":"301","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1963.10500845","article-title":"Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function","volume":"58","author":"Ward","year":"1963","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0885","series-title":"Wildlife Mortalities on Railways: Monitoring Methods and Mitigation Strategies","author":"Wells","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0890","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","first-page":"589","article-title":"Inferring white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population dynamics from wildlife collisions in the city of Ottawa","author":"Widenmaier","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.2307\/3801111","article-title":"Movements and use pattern of white-tailed deer visiting natural licks","volume":"50","author":"Wiles","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4375(02)00075-0","article-title":"Teenage drivers: patterns of risk","volume":"34","author":"Williams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0905","series-title":"Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference","author":"Wilson","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-8369.2000.tb00329.x","article-title":"Response of reindeer and caribou to human activities","volume":"19","author":"Wolfe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Polar Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0915","series-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Wildlife Ecology and Transportation, Florida Department of Transportation","first-page":"43","article-title":"Economic analysis of deer\u2013vehicle collisions in Ohio","author":"Wu","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020_bib0920","series-title":"Master Thesis","article-title":"Deer\u2013vehicle crash patterns and deer crossing sign placement","author":"Yi","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457514000323?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457514000323?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T18:06:27Z","timestamp":1716487587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457514000323"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":184,"alternative-id":["S0001457514000323"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A review on the temporal pattern of deer\u2013vehicle accidents: Impact of seasonal, diurnal and lunar effects in cervids","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2014.01.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}