{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:50:46Z","timestamp":1791942646556,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T12:53:14Z","timestamp":1609246394000},"page":"105953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A Motorcyclist-Injury Severity Analysis: A Comparison of Single-, Two-, and Multi-Vehicle Crashes Using Latent Class Ordered Probit Model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouen","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqiu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.01.035","article-title":"Latent class analysis of factors that influence weekday and weekend single-vehicle crash severities","volume":"113","author":"Adanu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0010","series-title":"Characteristics of road factors in multi and single vehicle motorcycle crashes in queensland","author":"Adinegoro","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amar.2019.100090","article-title":"A statistical assessment of temporal instability in the factors determining motorcyclist injury severities","volume":"22","author":"Alnawmasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Analytic methods in accident research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.11.006","article-title":"Under-reporting of road crash casualties in france","volume":"38","author":"Amoros","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197403000-00001","article-title":"The injury severity score: A method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care","volume":"14","author":"Baker","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0030","first-page":"192","article-title":"Thermal perception of ventilation changes in full-face motorcycle helmets: Subject and manikin study","volume":"55","author":"Bogerd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of occupational hygiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.08.032","article-title":"Predicting motorcycle crash injury severity using weather data and alternative bayesian multivariate crash frequency models","volume":"108","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.10.016","article-title":"Analysis of traffic accidents on rural highways using latent class clustering and bayesian networks","volume":"51","author":"De O\u00f1a","year":"2013","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.12.010","article-title":"Motorcyclist injury risk as a function of real-life crash speed and other contributing factors","volume":"123","author":"Ding","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.07.036","article-title":"Modeling and comparing injury severity of at-fault and not at-fault drivers in crashes","volume":"120","author":"Duddu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-014-2745-2","article-title":"New injury severity score is a better predictor of mortality for blunt trauma patients than the injury severity score","volume":"39","author":"Eid","year":"2015","journal-title":"World journal of surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2013.12.006","article-title":"A segment level analysis of multi-vehicle motorcycle crashes in ohio using bayesian multi-level mixed effects models","volume":"66","author":"Flask","year":"2014","journal-title":"Safety science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.02.004","article-title":"Investigating the effect of modeling single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes separately on confidence intervals of poisson\u2013gamma models","volume":"42","author":"Geedipally","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.07.009","article-title":"Ais 2005: A contemporary injury scale","volume":"37","author":"Gennarelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0075","series-title":"Multivariate data analysis Prentice hall Upper Saddle River, NJ","author":"Hair","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2011.09.015","article-title":"An investigation on multi-vehicle motorcycle crashes using log-linear models","volume":"50","author":"Haque","year":"2012","journal-title":"Safety science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0085","series-title":"Crash severity methods. Safe mobility: Challenges, methodology and solutions","author":"Ivan","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0090","first-page":"1","article-title":"Modeling severity of motorcycle crashes with dirichlet process priors","author":"Kitali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0095","series-title":"Lca stata plugin users\u2019 guide (version 1.2)","author":"Lanza","year":"2015"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-011-0201-1","article-title":"Latent class analysis: An alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Lanza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000075342.36072.EF","article-title":"The new injury severity score: A more accurate predictor of in-hospital mortality than the injury severity score","volume":"56","author":"Lavoie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.07.008","article-title":"Modelling severity of pedestrian-injury in pedestrian-vehicle crashes with latent class clustering and partial proportional odds model: A case study of north carolina","volume":"131","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.105388","article-title":"Exploring injury severity in head-on crashes using latent class clustering analysis and mixed logit model: A case study of north carolina","volume":"135","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2006.013458","article-title":"Factors affecting the likelihood of reporting road crashes resulting in medical treatment to the police","volume":"13","author":"Loo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury prevention"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.04.006","article-title":"Markov switching multinomial logit model: An application to accident-injury severities","volume":"41","author":"Malyshkina","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amar.2016.04.001","article-title":"Unobserved heterogeneity and the statistical analysis of highway accident data","volume":"11","author":"Mannering","year":"2016","journal-title":"Analytic methods in accident research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0135","series-title":"National center for statistics and analysis. 2018 fatal motor vehicle crashes: Overview","author":"Nhtsa","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701575396","article-title":"Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A monte carlo simulation study","volume":"14","author":"Nylund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Structural equation modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199712000-00009","article-title":"A modification of the injury severity score that both improves accuracy and simplifies scoring","volume":"43","author":"Osler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4375(02)00051-8","article-title":"An analysis of motorcycle injury and vehicle damage severity using ordered probit models","volume":"33","author":"Quddus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Safety research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.12.016","article-title":"Probabilistic models of motorcyclists\u2019 injury severities in single-and multi-vehicle crashes","volume":"39","author":"Savolainen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amar.2014.03.002","article-title":"A latent class analysis of single-vehicle motorcycle crash severity outcomes","volume":"2","author":"Shaheed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analytic Methods in Accident Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.05.028","article-title":"A mixed logit analysis of two-vehicle crash severities involving a motorcycle","volume":"61","author":"Shaheed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4375(96)00010-2","article-title":"An exploratory multinomial logit analysis of single-vehicle motorcycle accident severity","volume":"27","author":"Shankar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of safety research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.7.1.10","article-title":"An overview of the injury severity score and the new injury severity score","volume":"7","author":"Stevenson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Injury Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3141\/2148-07","article-title":"Model-based application of abbreviated injury scale to police-reported crash injuries","volume":"2148","author":"Tarko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transportation research record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0185","article-title":"A multinomial logit model of motorcycle crash severity at australian intersections","author":"Vajari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.04.009","article-title":"Examining correlations between motorcyclist\u2019s conspicuity, apparel related factors and injury severity score: Evidence from new motorcycle crash causation study","volume":"131","author":"Wali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.10.022","article-title":"Factors affecting motorcyclists\u2019 injury severities: An empirical assessment using random parameters logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances","volume":"123","author":"Waseem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amar.2013.03.001","article-title":"Comparing three commonly used crash severity models on sample size requirements: Multinomial logit, ordered probit and mixed logit models","volume":"1","author":"Ye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analytic methods in accident research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.02.002","article-title":"A hybrid latent class analysis modeling approach to analyze urban expressway crash risk","volume":"101","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457520317735?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457520317735?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T14:35:28Z","timestamp":1734618928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457520317735"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0001457520317735"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Motorcyclist-Injury Severity Analysis: A Comparison of Single-, Two-, and Multi-Vehicle Crashes Using Latent Class Ordered Probit Model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105953","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105953"}}