{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T19:33:21Z","timestamp":1789500801500,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HIT.OCEF.2022026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIT.OCEF.2022026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005046","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YQ2021E031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ2021E031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T15:55:13Z","timestamp":1695052513000},"page":"107287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Exploring associations between built environment and crash risk of children in school commuting"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Yaxin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6633-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.07.004","article-title":"Driving speed and the risk of road crashes: A review","volume":"38","author":"Aarts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2007.04.006","article-title":"Geo-spatial and log-linear analysis of pedestrian and bicyclist crashes involving school-aged children","volume":"38","author":"Abdel-Aty","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Saf. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.12.006","article-title":"Spatial analysis of fatal and injury crashes in Pennsylvania","volume":"38","author":"Aguero-Valverde","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19052641","article-title":"Objective and perceived traffic safety for children: a systematic literature review of traffic and built environment characteristics related to safe travel","volume":"19","author":"Amiour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amar.2016.11.001","article-title":"The effect of variations in spatial units on unobserved heterogeneity in macroscopic crash models","volume":"13","author":"Amoh-Gyimah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Analytic Methods in Accident Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x","article-title":"Local indicators of spatial association\u2014LISA","volume":"27","author":"Anselin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01581478","article-title":"Advances in spatial science","volume":"26","author":"Anselin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0040","unstructured":"Anselin, L. 1988. Models in space and time. In: Springer, D. (Eds.), Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Studies in Operational Regional Science, vol 4. Doi: 1007\/978-94-015-7799-1_10."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2022.106683","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of the relationships between the built environment and traffic safety in the Dutch urban areas","volume":"172","author":"Asadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2005.03702002.x","article-title":"Spatial prediction and surface modeling","volume":"37","author":"Atkinson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2015.09.010","article-title":"Calibration of risk matrices for process safety","volume":"38","author":"Baybutt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Loss Prev. Process Ind."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-2615(01)00019-4","article-title":"The spatial analysis of activity stop generation","volume":"36","author":"Bhat","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transportat. Res. Part B-Methodol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1177\/00139160021972630","article-title":"A community-wide intervention to improve pedestrian safety guidelines for institutionalizing large-scale behavior change","volume":"32","author":"Boyce","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Behav."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.7.1158","article-title":"Using a geographic information system to understand child pedestrian injury","volume":"84","author":"Braddock","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.07.013","article-title":"Estimating the occurrence of traffic accidents near school locations: a case study from Valencia (Spain) including several approaches","volume":"132","author":"Briz-Red\u00f3n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2015.09.010","article-title":"Heterogeneous effects of neighborhood type on commute mode choice: an exploration of residential dissonance in the Twin Cities","volume":"48","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s12544-016-0219-3","article-title":"The effect of curb parking on road capacity and traffic safety","volume":"9","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Transp. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2018.11.002","article-title":"Identifying high-risk built environments for severe bicycling injuries","volume":"68","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Saf. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3141\/2671-05","article-title":"Geographically weighted regression approach to investigate spatial variations in activity space","volume":"2671","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Record: J. Transportat. Res. Board"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2016.06.008","article-title":"Effects of the built environment on automobile-involved pedestrian crash frequency and risk","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Transp. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2019.09.019","article-title":"Investigating walking accessibility to recreational amenities for elderly people in Nanjing, China","volume":"76","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part D \u2014Transport Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.03.008","article-title":"The role of the built environment in explaining relationships between perceived and actual pedestrian and bicyclist safety","volume":"41","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.11.003","article-title":"An Examination of the Environmental Attributes Associated with Pedestrian-Vehicular Crashes Near Public Schools","volume":"39","author":"Clifton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2009.01.001","article-title":"Severity of injury resulting from pedestrian-vehicle crashes: What can we learn from examining the built environment?","volume":"14","author":"Clifton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part D \u2014Transport Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2020-043829","article-title":"State-of-the-art review: Preventing child and youth pedestrian motor vehicle collisions: Critical issues and future directions","volume":"27","author":"Cloutier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0130","first-page":"191","article-title":"Forecasting crashes at the planning level\u2014Simultaneous negative binomial crash model applied in Tucson, Arizona","volume":"1897","author":"de Guevara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Statist. Methods Safet. Data Analys. Evaluat."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s11116-011-9363-8","article-title":"Spatial epidemiologic analysis of relative collision risk factors among urban bicyclists and pedestrians","volume":"39","author":"Delmelle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transportation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2016.08.004","article-title":"Joint analysis of the spatial impacts of built environment on car ownership and travel mode choice","volume":"60","author":"Ding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part D\u2014Transport Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.06.015","article-title":"Modelling the effects of land useand temporal factors on child pedestrian casualties","volume":"41","author":"Dissanayake","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/01944363.2011.536101","article-title":"Designing for the safety of pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists in urban environments","volume":"77","author":"Dumbaugh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Plann. Assoc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/01944360902950349","article-title":"Safe urban form: Revisiting the relationship between community design and traffic safety","volume":"75","author":"Dumbaugh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Plann. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.06.035","article-title":"Analyzing and modeling risk exposure of pedestrian children to involvement in car crashes","volume":"62","author":"Elias","year":"2014","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1080\/01944361003766766","article-title":"Travel and the built environment","volume":"76","author":"Ewing","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Plann. Assoc."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/0885412209335553","article-title":"The built environment and traffic safety: A review of empirical evidence","volume":"23","author":"Ewing","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Plan. Lit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-7-62","article-title":"What\u2019s \u2018\u2018quickest and easiest?\u201d: parental decision making about school trip mode","volume":"7","author":"Faulkner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0180","first-page":"500","article-title":"Built environment in local relation with walking: why here and not there?","volume":"3","author":"Feuillet","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2018.03.002","article-title":"A massive geographically weighted regression model of walking-environment relationships","volume":"68","author":"Feuillet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1999.tb00989.x","article-title":"Local forms of spatial analysis","volume":"31","author":"Fotheringham","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1068\/a301905","article-title":"Geographically weighted regression: a natural evolution of the expansion method for spatial data analysis","volume":"30","author":"Fotheringham","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Plan A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.07.007","article-title":"Driver and road characteristics associated with child pedestrian injuries","volume":"131","author":"Fridman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2011.01.005","article-title":"Children\u2019s active travel and independent mobility in four countries: development, social contributing trends and measures","volume":"18","author":"Fyhri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transp. Policy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1080\/0042098032000094441","article-title":"Spatial Variation in road pedestrian casualties: The role of urban scale, density and land-use mix","volume":"40","author":"Graham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urban Stud."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0215","first-page":"1913","article-title":"Exploring effects of area-wide traffic calming measures on urban road sustainable safety","volume":"3","author":"Grana","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Sustain. Developm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.10.016","article-title":"Development of planning level transportation safety tools using Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression","volume":"42","author":"Hadayeghi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0225","first-page":"297","article-title":"Generalized additive models","volume":"1","author":"Hastie","year":"1986","journal-title":"Stat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0230","first-page":"16","article-title":"Using a flexible multivariate latent class approach to model correlated outcomes: A joint analysis of pedestrian and cyclist injuries","volume":"13","author":"Heydari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Method. Accid. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0235","article-title":"On the causal effect of proximity to school on pedestrian safety at signalized intersections: A heterogeneous endogenous econometric model","volume":"26","author":"Heydari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Method. Accid. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2004.007252","article-title":"Traffic calming policy can reduce inequalities in child pedestrian injuries: Database study","volume":"11","author":"Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2019.02.003","article-title":"Spatially-varying effects of built environment determinants on walking","volume":"123","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part A\u2014Policy Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3141\/1784-10","article-title":"Motor vehicle crashes and land use: empirical analysis from Hawaii","volume":"1784","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Record: J. Transport. Res. Board"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.07.007","article-title":"Urban-rural differences in motor vehicle crash fatality and hospitalization rates among children and youth","volume":"38","author":"Kmet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1984.10487998","article-title":"Applied linear regression models: Student solution manual","volume":"26","author":"Kutner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(03)00063-0","article-title":"An ecological study of the locations of schools and child pedestrian injury collisions","volume":"36","author":"LaScala","year":"2004","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.7.2.155","article-title":"A geographic analysis of motor vehicle collisions with child pedestrians in Long Beach, California: Comparing intersection and midblock incident locations","volume":"7","author":"Lightstone","year":"2001","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s11116-015-9623-0","article-title":"Measuring the impacts of weather variability on home-based trip chaining behaviour: A focus on spatial heterogeneity","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transportation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1177\/0739456X06297008","article-title":"Death on the crosswalk\u2014A study of pedestrian-Automobile collisions in Los Angeles","volume":"26","author":"Loukaitou-Sideris","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Plan. Educ. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3390\/info10050163","article-title":"Spatiotemporal clustering analysis of bicycle sharing system with data mining approach","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2006.05.011","article-title":"The relative influence of urban form on a child\u2019s travel mode to school","volume":"41","author":"McMillan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transportat. Res. Part A\u2014Policy Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1057\/udi.2009.26","article-title":"Urban nuclei and the geometry of streets: The \u2018emergent neighborhoods\u2019 model","volume":"15","author":"Mehaffy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Urban Des. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.07.020","article-title":"Crash risk, crash exposure, and the built environment: A conceptual review","volume":"134","author":"Merlin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.005","article-title":"The link between built environment, pedestrian activity and pedestrian-vehicle collision occurrence at signalized intersections","volume":"43","author":"Miranda-Moreno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/37.1-2.17","article-title":"Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena","volume":"37","author":"Moran","year":"1950","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2010.04.005","article-title":"Some extensions on risk matrix approach","volume":"48","author":"Ni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi8060269","article-title":"MGWR: A Python implementation of multiscale geographically weighted regression for investigating process spatial heterogeneity and scale","volume":"8","author":"Oshan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Geo-Information"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(00)00062-2","article-title":"Roadway safety in rural and small urbanized areas","volume":"33","author":"Ossenbruggen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2005.11.002","article-title":"Exploring contextual variations in land use and transport analysis using a probit model with geographical weights","volume":"14","author":"P\u00e1ez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(89)90020-1","article-title":"Child pedestrian casualties with special reference to casualties on the journey to or from school in Manchester and Salford, England","volume":"21","author":"Preston","year":"1989","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prevent."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.06.016","article-title":"Traffic analysis zone level crash estimation models based on land use characteristics","volume":"50","author":"Pulugurtha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e122","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00323-5","article-title":"Urban landscape and street-design factors associated with road traffic mortality in Latin America between 2010 and 2016 (SALURBAL): an ecological study","volume":"6","author":"Quistberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.9.1456","article-title":"A review of evidence-based traffic engineering measures designed to reduce pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes","volume":"93","author":"Retting","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2317","article-title":"Motorvehicle-pedestrian collisions and walking to school: the role of the built environment","volume":"133","author":"Rothman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2065-y","article-title":"Do school crossing guards make crossing roads safer? A quasi-experimental study of pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions in Toronto","volume":"15","author":"Rothman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Canada. BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2015.1116041","article-title":"Dangerous student car drop-off behaviours and child pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions: An observational study","volume":"17","author":"Rothman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2016.10.017","article-title":"School environments and social risk factors for child pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions: a case-control study","volume":"98","author":"Rothman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2020.07.004","article-title":"A conceptual framework to understand the role of built environment on traffic safety","volume":"75","author":"Saha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Saf. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15110-2","article-title":"A decade of child pedestrian safety in England: a bayesian spatio-temporal analysis","volume":"23","author":"Shoari","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmva.2005.03.007","article-title":"Bayesian multivariate spatial models for roadway traffic crash mapping","volume":"97","author":"Song","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Multivar. Anal."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1177\/0885412215595438","article-title":"Pedestrian safety and the built environment a review of the risk factors","volume":"30","author":"Stoker","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Plan. Lit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105898","article-title":"Joint probability model for pedestrian crashes at macroscopic level: Roles of environment, traffic, and population characteristics","volume":"150","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2016.06.001","article-title":"Built environmental impacts on commuting mode choice and distance: evidence from Shanghai","volume":"52","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part D\u2014Transp. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0405","first-page":"601","article-title":"Economics and Information Theory","volume":"79","author":"Theil","year":"1967","journal-title":"Econ. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.08.047","article-title":"Personal, family, social, and environmental correlates of active commuting to school","volume":"30","author":"Timperio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.2307\/143141","article-title":"A computer movie simulating urban growth in the Detroit region","volume":"46","author":"Tobler","year":"1970","journal-title":"Econ. Geogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2011.09.012","article-title":"The role of built environment on pedestrian crash frequency","volume":"50","author":"Ukkusuri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2016.11.011","article-title":"Spatial investigation of aginginvolved crashes: A GIS-based case study in Northwest Florida","volume":"58","author":"Ulak","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2008.020446","article-title":"Are school zones effective? An examination of motor vehicle versus child pedestrian crashes near schools","volume":"15","author":"Warsh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0435","first-page":"30","article-title":"International origins of walking school buses and child fatalities in Japan and Canada","volume":"46","author":"Waygood","year":"2015","journal-title":"Traffic Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2008.10.001","article-title":"An area-level model of vehicle-pedestrian injury collisions with implications for land use and transportation planning","volume":"41","author":"Wier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0445","article-title":"Youth and road safety","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007","journal-title":"World Health Organization."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0450","article-title":"Global status report on road safety 2015","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Health Organization."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.10.009","article-title":"A multivariate spatial approach to model crash counts by injury severity","volume":"122","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0460","first-page":"73","article-title":"The modifiable areal unit problem in traffic safety: basic issue, potential solutions and future research","volume":"5","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Traffic Transport. Eng.-English Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2017.09.007","article-title":"Spatial variations in active mode trip volume at intersections: a local analysis utilizing geographically weighted regression","volume":"64","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0470","article-title":"Research on safety risk management of civil construction projects based on risk matrix method","volume":"392","author":"Yao","year":"2018","journal-title":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03405036","article-title":"The spatial and temporal dimensions of child pedestrian injury in Edmonton","volume":"93","author":"Yiannakoulias","year":"2002","journal-title":"Canadian J. Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2019.01.004","article-title":"Exploring the spatial variation of ridesourcing demand and its relationship to built environment and socioeconomic factors with the geographically weighted poisson regression","volume":"75","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1177\/0739456X15616460","article-title":"Planning for safe schools: impacts of school siting and surrounding environments on traffic safety","volume":"36","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Plan. Educ. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3141\/2247-10","article-title":"Estimating potential effect of speed limits, built environment, and other factors on severity of pedestrian and cyclist injuries in crashes","volume":"2247","author":"Zahabi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Record: J. Transport. Res. Board"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1080\/23249935.2018.1493550","article-title":"The influence of zonal configurations on macrolevel crash modeling","volume":"15","author":"Zhai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transportmetrica A: Transport Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2023.102971","article-title":"Examining the association between the built environment and active travel using GPS data: A study of a large residential area (Daju) in Shanghai","volume":"79","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2022.103291","article-title":"Co-evolution of the built environment and travel behaviour in Shenzhen, China","volume":"107","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part D \u2014Transport and Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S177","DOI":"10.1057\/jphp.2008.51","article-title":"Correlates of walking to school and implications for public policies: survey results from parents of elementary school children in Austin, Texas","volume":"30","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Public Health Policy"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457523003342?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457523003342?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:08:38Z","timestamp":1762074518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457523003342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":102,"alternative-id":["S0001457523003342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exploring associations between built environment and crash risk of children in school commuting","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107287","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107287"}}