{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T03:45:10Z","timestamp":1785210310317,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JJ30853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ30853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T12:13:31Z","timestamp":1707999211000},"page":"107495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Investigation on the dynamic characteristic of occupant during the frontal collision between high-speed train and obstacle"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingxiang","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianliang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0005","first-page":"680","article-title":"Containment capacity and estimation of crashworthiness of derailment containment walls against high-speed trains","volume":"232","author":"Bae","year":"2018","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. F-J. Rai."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0010","series-title":"Computational modeling of intelligent soft matter: shape memory polymers and hydrogels","author":"Baghani","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0015","article-title":"Applied Micromechanics of Complex Microstructures","author":"Baniassadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Computational Modeling and Numerical Characterization. Elsevier."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0020","unstructured":"British Standards Institution (BSI), 2020. BS EN 15227: 2020. Railway applications-Crashworthiness requirements for rail vehicles."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2021.106547","article-title":"Assessment of standing passenger traumatic brain injury caused by ground impact in subway collisions","volume":"166","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Accident. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0030","series-title":"Abbreviated injury scale 2005: update 2008","author":"Gennarelli","year":"2008"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0035","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neck injury mechanisms in train collisions: dynamic analysis and data mining of the driver impact injury","volume":"146","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Accident. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0040","first-page":"1022","article-title":"Dynamic analysis of railway vehicle derailment mechanism in train-to-train collision accidents","volume":"235","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. F-J. Rai."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0055","first-page":"1170","article-title":"Experimental study of a honeycomb energy-absorbing device for high-speed trains","volume":"234","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. F-J. Rai."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0060","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Simulation method for train curve derailment collision and the effect of curve radius on collision response","volume":"237","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. F-J. Rai."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijimpeng.2016.04.001","article-title":"Lateral impact derailment mechanisms, simulation and analysis","volume":"94","author":"Ling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Impact. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijimpeng.2016.11.002","article-title":"Frontal collision of trains onto obliquely stuck road trucks at level crossings: derailment mechanisms and simulation","volume":"100","author":"Ling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Impact. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00423114.2016.1240811","article-title":"Dynamic simulation of train-truck collision at level crossings","volume":"55","author":"Ling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vehicle. Syst. Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2019.07.042","article-title":"Collision derailments on bridges containing ballastless slab tracks","volume":"105","author":"Ling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eng. Fail. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3141\/2289-20","article-title":"Analysis of causes of major train derailment and their effect on accident rates","volume":"2289","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Rec."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-021-03116-6","article-title":"Energy absorption design for crash energy management passenger trains based on scaled model","volume":"65","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Struct. Multidiscip. o."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0095","first-page":"155","article-title":"Biomechanical and scaling bases for frontal and side impact injury assessment reference values","volume":"47","author":"Mertz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0100","first-page":"902","article-title":"Investigation of the train driver injuries and the optimization design of driver workspace during a collision","volume":"231","author":"Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. F-J. Rai."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2023.107373","article-title":"Analysis of moose motion trajectory after bullet train-moose collisions","volume":"151","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eng. Fail. Anal."},{"issue":"D6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1243\/0954407041166067","article-title":"Estimation of AIS3+ thoracic injury risks of belted drivers in NASS frontal crashes","volume":"218","author":"Prasad","year":"2004","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. D-J. Aut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0115","first-page":"1","article-title":"The position of the United States delegation to the ISO Working Group 6 on the use of HIC in the automotive environment","author":"Prasad","year":"1985","journal-title":"Sae Government Industry Meeting & Exposition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0120","first-page":"49","article-title":"Evaluation of the Field Relevance of Several Injury Risk Functions","volume":"54","author":"Prasad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijimpeng.2013.11.012","article-title":"Relative performance of metal and polymeric foam sandwich plates under low velocity impact","volume":"65","author":"Rajaneesh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Impact. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0130","series-title":"Applied RVE reconstruction and homogenization of heterogeneous materials","author":"R\u00e9mond","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0135","unstructured":"Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited (RSSB), 2020. GM\/RT2100: Rail Vehicle Structures and Passive Safety."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1080\/13588265.2017.1367354","article-title":"Evaluation and improvement of crashworthiness for high-speed train seats","volume":"23","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Crashworthines."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmecsci.2016.01.001","article-title":"Crash performance and multi-objective optimization of a gradual energy-absorbing structure for subway vehicles","volume":"107","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mech. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0150","first-page":"1","article-title":"Numerical investigation on the damage and cracking characteristics of shield tunnel upon derailed impact of high-speed train","volume":"108","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eng. Fail. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tws.2018.01.011","article-title":"Analysis and parameters optimization of an expanding energy-absorbing structure for a rail vehicle coupler","volume":"125","author":"Yao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thin. Wall. Struct."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0160","first-page":"584","article-title":"A study on the frontal oblique collision-induced derailment mechanism in subway vehicles","volume":"234","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"P. i. Mech. Eng. F-J. Rai."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/13588265.2019.1687152","article-title":"Injuries to standing passengers using different handrails in subway train collision accidents","volume":"26","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Crashworthines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0170","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of seat direction on sitting occupant injury risk and improving strategy in the commuter train frontal crash","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Rail. Transp."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/s22228824","article-title":"Safety Study of High-Speed Collisions between Trains and Live Intruder","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sensors-Basel."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1080\/23248378.2021.1964392","article-title":"Dynamic derailment behaviour of urban tram subjected to lateral collision","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Rail. Transp."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.21595\/jve.2022.22942","article-title":"Numerical simulation of heavy rail transit vehicle collision and analysis of collision force characteristics","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Vibroeng."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/machines9110297","article-title":"Full-Scale Train-to-Train Impact Test and Multi-Body Dynamic Simulation Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Machines."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1080\/00423114.2013.790553","article-title":"Three-dimensional derailment analysis of a crashed city tram","volume":"51","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vehicle. Syst. Dyn."}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000145752400040X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000145752400040X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:09:00Z","timestamp":1762074540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000145752400040X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S000145752400040X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Investigation on the dynamic characteristic of occupant during the frontal collision between high-speed train and obstacle","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107495","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107495"}}