{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T20:31:56Z","timestamp":1782592316060,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T22:22:38Z","timestamp":1763677358000},"page":"108315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Profiling crash-associated factors and injury risk patterns among lost-in-thought (daydreaming) drivers: a combined cluster-sequence analysis approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"225","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0815-3074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panick","family":"Kalambay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6786-862X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Balyagati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1962-162X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Kitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6882-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Kidando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0005","first-page":"467","article-title":"Mining process models from workflow logs","author":"Agrawal","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Conference on Extending Database Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.11.019","article-title":"Linking mind wandering tendency to risky driving in young male drivers","volume":"111","author":"Albert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2015.01.005","article-title":"The restless mind while driving: drivers\u2019 thoughts behind the wheel","volume":"76","author":"Berthi\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2016.06.012","article-title":"Not all minds wander equally: the influence of traits, states and road environment factors on self-reported mind wandering during everyday driving","volume":"95","author":"Burdett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2020.05.006","article-title":"An empirical reappraisal of the four types of cyclists","volume":"137","author":"Cabral","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transp. Res. A Policy Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cook, J.E., Wolf, A.L., 1995. Automating process discovery through event-data analysis. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering - ICSE \u201995, 73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/225014.225021.","DOI":"10.1145\/225014.225021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2023.07.013","article-title":"Prevalence of distracted driving by driver characteristics in the United States","volume":"86","author":"Cox","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Saf. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2021.100816","article-title":"Are there sex differences in crash and crash-related injury between men and women? A 13-year cohort study of young drivers in Australia","volume":"14","author":"Cullen","year":"2021","journal-title":"SSM - Population Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.03.003","article-title":"The effect of cognitive distraction on perception-response time to unexpected abrupt and gradually onset roadway hazards","volume":"127","author":"D\u2019Addario","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1177\/03611981231152254","article-title":"Diagnosis of encroachment-related work-zone crashes by applying pattern recognition","volume":"2677","author":"Das","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Rec.: J. Transport. Res. Board"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.9.3.275","article-title":"Automating the Discovery of AS-IS Business Process Models: Probabilistic and Algorithmic Approaches","volume":"9","author":"Datta","year":"1998","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198119846463","article-title":"Impact of cognitive distractions on drivers\u2019 hazard anticipation behavior in complex scenarios","volume":"2673","author":"Ebadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Rec.: J. Transport. Res. Board"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0065","unstructured":"Erie Insurance, 2018. Daydreaming tops fatal distracted driving behaviors, Erie Insurance finds. https:\/\/www.propertycasualty360.com\/2018\/04\/12\/daydreaming-tops-fatal-distracted-driving-behaviors-erie-insurance-finds."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2019.1602769","article-title":"Effects of cognitive distraction on speed control in curve negotiation","volume":"20","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181327","article-title":"The distracted mind on the wheel: overall propensity to mind wandering is associated with road crash responsibility","volume":"12","author":"Gil-Jardin\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720810391530","article-title":"Mind Wandering Behind the Wheel","volume":"53","author":"He","year":"2011","journal-title":"Human Factors: the Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.07.014","article-title":"Texting while driving: is speech-based text entry less risky than handheld text entry?","volume":"72","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2006.11.025","article-title":"Cluster-wise assessment of cluster stability","volume":"52","author":"Hennig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comput. Stat. Data Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.05.015","article-title":"Angry thoughts in spanish drivers and their relationship with crash-related events. the mediation effect of aggressive and risky driving","volume":"106","author":"Herrero-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107359","article-title":"Crashes involving distracted pedestrians: Identifying risk factors and their relationships to pedestrian severity levels and distraction modes","volume":"194","author":"Hossain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108123","article-title":"Understanding driver cognition and decision-making behaviors in high-risk scenarios: a drift diffusion perspective","volume":"220","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00180-022-01272-x","article-title":"A hybrid approach for the analysis of complex categorical data structures: assessment of latent distance learning perception in higher education","volume":"39","author":"Iannario","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107444","article-title":"Unraveling the differences in distracted driving injury severities in passenger car, sport utility vehicle, pickup truck, and minivan crashes","volume":"196","author":"Islam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janssenswillen, G., 2017. bupaR: Business Process Analysis in R. In CRAN: Contributed Packages. https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=bupaR. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32614\/CRAN.package.bupaR.","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.bupaR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105606","article-title":"Does space influence on the frequency and severity of the distraction-affected vehicle crashes? An empirical evidence from the Central Ohio","volume":"144","author":"Lym","year":"2020","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v091.i10","article-title":"Beyond Tandem Analysis: Joint Dimension Reduction and Clustering in R","volume":"91","author":"Markos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0140","unstructured":"Najm, W., Smith, J.D., Smith, D.L., 2001. Analysis of Crossing Path Crashes. https:\/\/rosap.ntl.bts.gov\/view\/dot\/4287."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0145","unstructured":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2021. Traffic Safety Facts Research Note: Distracted Driving 2019. In U.S. Department of Transportation. https:\/\/crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov\/Api\/Public\/ViewPublication\/813111."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0150","unstructured":"National Safety Council, 2020. Understanding driver distraction: How banning use of cell phones and interactive in-vehicle technology while driving can save lives. National Safety Council. https:\/\/www.nsc.org\/getmedia\/2c2361f9-c513-4d79-8143-0eaa38048f64\/report-understanding-driver-distraction0920.pdf.aspx."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.09.032","article-title":"Road safety and distraction, results from a responsibility case-control study among a sample of road users interviewed at the emergency room","volume":"122","author":"N\u00e9e","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0160","unstructured":"NHTSA, 2024. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Distracted Driving. https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/risky-driving\/distracted-driving."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2017.11.033","article-title":"Good distractions: Testing the effects of listening to an audiobook on driving performance in simple and complex road environments","volume":"111","author":"Nowosielski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107770","article-title":"Is it all about mobile phones? Exploring drivers\u2019 perceptions of government information and road rules on distracted driving","volume":"208","author":"Rejali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2022.106827","article-title":"Identifying distracted-driving events from on-road observations using a moving vehicle: a case study in New Jersey","volume":"177","author":"Sajid Hasan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.9.3.386","article-title":"Properties of the hubert-arable adjusted rand index","volume":"9","author":"Steinley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.02.004","article-title":"Inattention and distraction in fatal road crashes \u2013 results from in-depth crash investigations in Norway","volume":"125","author":"Sundf\u00f8r","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2023.107046","article-title":"\u201cIt is a different type of policing than in the bush\u201d: Police officers\u2019 perceptions of the differences in enforcement of the phone use while driving legislation in rural and urban areas","volume":"186","author":"Truelove","year":"2023","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s11336-016-9514-0","article-title":"Cluster correspondence analysis","volume":"82","author":"Van de Velden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van der Aalst, W., 2016. Process Mining. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-49851-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49851-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1045","article-title":"Replaying history on process models for conformance checking and performance analysis","volume":"2","author":"Van der Aalst","year":"2012","journal-title":"WIREs Data Min. Knowl. Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0215","unstructured":"Washington Department of Transportation. (2025). Public Disclosure. Https:\/\/Wsdot.Wa.Gov\/about\/Contacts\/Public-Disclosure."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0220","unstructured":"WTSC, 2018. Washington Traffic Safety Commission: Distracted Driving-The Facts. Https:\/\/Wtsc.Wa.Gov\/Wp-Content\/Uploads\/2018\/03\/Distracted-Driving-FACT-SHEET.Pdf."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2019.1644627","article-title":"Driver distraction and inattention in fatal and injury crashes: findings from in-depth road crash data","volume":"20","author":"Wundersitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457525004038?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457525004038?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T22:08:29Z","timestamp":1765404509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457525004038"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0001457525004038"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Profiling crash-associated factors and injury risk patterns among lost-in-thought (daydreaming) drivers: a combined cluster-sequence analysis approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108315","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108315"}}