{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:06:51Z","timestamp":1788887211861,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:30:43Z","timestamp":1786649443000},"page":"108712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Influences on decision-making in road safety"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"237","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2745-2982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matt","family":"Staton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7908-5809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Waterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9277","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05416-2","article-title":"Evidence based road safety: the Driving Standards Agency\u2019s schools programme","volume":"358","author":"Achara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0010","first-page":"69","article-title":"Is driver education contributing towards road safety? a systematic review of systematic reviews","volume":"13","author":"Akbari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of injury & violence research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0015","unstructured":"Amos, L., Davies, D. and Fosdick, T. (2015) Road Safety Since 2010. London: RAC Foundation. Available at: https:\/\/www.racfoundation.org\/research\/safety\/road-safety-since-2010-final-report-september-2015."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iatssr.2011.12.001","article-title":"Meeting the management challenges of the Decade of Action for Road Safety","volume":"35","author":"Bliss","year":"2012","journal-title":"IATSS Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brooks, J. et al. (2015) \u2018The Utility of Template Analysis in Qualitative Psychology Research\u2019, Qualitative research in psychology. 2014\/09\/02, 12(2), pp. 202\u2013222. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14780887.2014.955224.","DOI":"10.1080\/14780887.2014.955224"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.33492\/JRS-D-24-3-2337457","article-title":"Road Safety Coordination Between Government and Community: Analysis and Insights From Selected OECD Countries","volume":"35","author":"Canoquena","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Road Safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0035","unstructured":"Charman, S. (2018) Tackling High-Risk Regional Roads: Safer Roads Fund 2017\/18. London: RAC Foundation. Available at: ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0040","series-title":"Constructing grounded theory","author":"Charmaz","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Damon, N. (1958) \u2018The action program for highway safety\u2019, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, pp. 15\u201326. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000271625832000104.","DOI":"10.1177\/000271625832000104"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0050","unstructured":"Department for the Environment, Transport and the Regions (2000) Tomorrow's Roads-Safer for Everyone. London."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0055","unstructured":"Department for Transport (2011) Strategic framework for road safety. London."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0060","unstructured":"Department for Transport (2026) Road Safety Strategy, Department for Transport. London. Available at: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/road-safety-strategy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eatough, V. and Smith, J.A. (2008) \u2018Interpretative phenomenological analysis\u2019, in The Sage handbook of qualitative research in psychology, p. 194.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781848607927.n11"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0070","unstructured":"ETSC (2021) Ranking EU Progress on Road Safety: 15th Road Safety Performance Index Report. Brussels. European Transport Safety Council."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0075","unstructured":"ETSC (2025) Ranking EU Progress on Road Safety: 19th Road Safety Performance Index Report. Brussels. European Transport Safety Council."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0080","unstructured":"Global Road Safety Facility (2023) Multilateral Development Banks Road Safety Financing in Low and Middle-Income Countries 2018\u20132022. Road Safety Working Group Report. Available at: https:\/\/www.globalroadsafetyfacility.org\/mdbs-road-safety-working-group."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0085","series-title":"A Handbook of Research Methods for Clinical and Health Psychology","first-page":"65","article-title":"Semi-Structured Interviewing","author":"Fylan","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0090","article-title":"Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research","author":"Glaser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Routledge."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316665344","article-title":"(2017) Code Saturation Versus Meaning Saturation: How Many Interviews Are Enough?","volume":"27","author":"Hennink","year":"2017","journal-title":"Qual. Health Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0100","unstructured":"HMICFRS (2020) Roads Policing: Not optional An inspection of roads policing in England and Wales. London: Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services. Available at: https:\/\/hmicfrs.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk\/publications\/not-optional-an-inspection-of-roads-policing-in-england-and-wales\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0105","unstructured":"HMICFRS (2020) Roads Policing: Not optional an inspection of roads policing in England and Wales. London: Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire and Rescue Services. Available at: ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2016.01.017","article-title":"A comprehensive conceptual framework for road safety strategies","volume":"90","author":"Hughes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0110","unstructured":"House of Commons Transport Committee (2021) Road safety: young and novice drivers - Fourth Report of Session 2019\u201321. HC 169."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes, B.P., Anund, A. and Falkmer, T. (2015) \u2018System theory and safety models in Swedish, UK, Dutch and Australian road safety strategies\u2019, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 74, pp. 271\u2013278. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2014.07.017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.07.017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes, B.P., Newstead, S., Anund, A., Shu, C.C. and Falkmer, T. (2015) \u2018A review of models relevant to road safety\u2019, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 74, pp. 250\u2013270. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2014.06.003.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.06.003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0130","series-title":"Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research","first-page":"11","article-title":"Using Interviews in Qualitative Research","author":"King","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0135","series-title":"Essential Guide to Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research","first-page":"256","article-title":"Using Templates in the Thematic Analysis of Text","author":"King","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0140","unstructured":"Kinnear, N., L Lloyd, S Helman, P Husband, J Scoons, S Jones, S Stradling, F McKenna, J Broughton, (2013) Novice drivers - evidence review and evaluation. TRL PPR673. Crowthorne: Transport Research Laboratory. Available at: https:\/\/www.trl.co.uk\/publications\/ppr673."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krouwel, M., Jolly, K. and Greenfield, S. (2019) \u2018Comparing Skype (video calling) and in-person qualitative interview modes in a study of people with irritable bowel syndrome \u2013 an exploratory comparative analysis\u2019, BMC Medical Research Methodology, 19(1), p. 219. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-019-0867-9.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-019-0867-9"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446280119.n20","article-title":"Grounded theory in organizational research","author":"L\u00e4nsisalmi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Essential guide to qualitative methods in organizational research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Larsson, P., Dekker, S.W.A. and Tingvall, C. (2010) \u2018The need for a systems theory approach to road safety\u2019, Safety Science, 48(9), pp. 1167\u20131174. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssci.2009.10.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2009.10.006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leveson, N. (2004) \u2018A new accident model for engineering safer systems\u2019, Safety Science, 42(4), pp. 237\u2013270. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0925-7535(03)00047-X.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(03)00047-X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leveson, Nancy. (2012). Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/mitpress\/8179.001.0001.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/8179.001.0001"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2020-043850","article-title":"Out of the silos: embedding injury prevention into the sustainable development goals","volume":"27","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.08.005","article-title":"The European road safety decision support system on risks and measures","volume":"125","author":"Martensen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogden, K. and Phillips, D. (2024). How have English councils\u2019 funding and spending changed? 2010 to 2024. Institute for Fiscal Studies. Available at: https:\/\/ifs.org.uk\/publications\/how-have-english-councils-funding-and-spending-changed-2010-2024.","DOI":"10.1920\/re.ifs.2024.0318"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0190","first-page":"1","article-title":"Taking a \u20187 E\u2019s\u2019 Approach to Road Safety in the UK and Beyond","volume":"9","author":"Plant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmussen, J. (1997) \u2018Risk management in a dynamic society: a modelling problem\u2019, Safety Science, 27(2-3), pp. 183-213. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0925-7535(97)00052-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(97)00052-0"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts, I.G. and Kwan, I. (2001) \u2018School\u2010based driver education for the prevention of traffic crashes\u2019, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3). Art. No.: CD003201. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003201.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003201"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0205","series-title":"Real world research","author":"Robson","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saarij\u00e4rvi, M. and Bratt, E.-L. (2021) \u2018When face-to-face interviews are not possible: tips and tricks for video, telephone, online chat, and email interviews in qualitative research\u2019, European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 20(4), pp. 392\u2013396. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvab038.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvab038"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, J.A., Jarman, M. and Osborn, M. (1999) \u2018Doing interpretative phenomenological analysis\u2019, Qualitative health psychology: Theories and methods, pp. 218\u2013240.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446217870.n14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Staton, M. et al. (2022) \u2018\u201cOver to you\u201d: using a STAMP control structure analysis to probe deeper into the control of UK road safety at a municipal level \u2013 the case of Cambridgeshire\u2019, Ergonomics, 65(3), pp. 429\u2013444. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00140139.2021.1968033.","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2021.1968033"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swuste, P., Gulijk, C. van and Zwaard, W. (2010) \u2018Safety metaphors and theories, a review of the occupational safety literature of the US, UK and The Netherlands, till the first part of the 20th century\u2019, Safety Science, 48, pp. 1000\u20131018. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssci.2010.01.020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2010.01.020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tingvall, C. (1997) \u2018The Zero Vision. A road transport system free from serious health losses\u2019, Transportation, traffic safety and health, 37, p. 57.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-03409-5_4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, A.F. (2006) \u2018Young driver risk factors: successful and unsuccessful approaches for dealing with them and an agenda for the future\u2019, Injury Prevention, 12(suppl 1), p. i4 LP-i8. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2006.011783.","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2006.011783"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0240","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2017) Save lives: a road safety technical package. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/save-lives-a-road-safety-technical-package."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712_b0245","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023) Global status report on road safety 2023. Geneva. World Health Organization. ISBN 978-92-4-008651-7. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/social-determinants-of-health\/safety-and-mobility\/global-status-report-on-road-safety-2023."}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457526003210?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457526003210?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T16:11:58Z","timestamp":1788883918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457526003210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0001457526003210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Influences on decision-making in road safety","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Accident Analysis & Prevention","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2026.108712","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108712"}}