{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:10:10Z","timestamp":1780488610242,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["academicpedsjnl.net","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T16:00:33Z","timestamp":1775145633000},"page":"103315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Childhood Experiences of Identity-Related Discrimination and Associated Health Risks in the United States, 2021-2023"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6009-8367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan S.","family":"Schuler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aarya","family":"Suryavanshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.22","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and child health in early adolescence","volume":"167","author":"Flaherty","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8","article-title":"Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study","volume":"14","author":"Felitti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.03.016","article-title":"Unpacking the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult mental health","volume":"69","author":"Merrick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2024.102606","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and insufficient sleep","volume":"25","author":"Forthal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2024.01.010","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and related events are associated with asthma symptoms in children","volume":"24","author":"Martinez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22760","article-title":"Racial discrimination and other adverse childhood experiences as risk factors for internalizing mental health concerns among Black youth","volume":"35","author":"Bernard","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1007\/s40653-024-00652-3","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences, racial discrimination, and internalizing problems among Asian adolescents","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2022-0175","article-title":"Racial discrimination among children in the United States from 2016 to 2020: an analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health","volume":"123","author":"Elenwo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Osteopath Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106277","article-title":"Sexual and gender minority adverse childhood experiences (SGM-ACEs), perceived social support, and adult mental health","volume":"143","author":"Dorri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2023.08.006","article-title":"The sexual and gender minority adverse childhood experiences scale","volume":"65","author":"Schnarrs","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000718","article-title":"Associations of discrimination, suicide ideation severity and attempts, and depressive symptoms among sexual and gender minority youth","volume":"42","author":"Wyman Battalen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crisis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.23736\/S0391-1772.18.01995-7","article-title":"Minority stress and mental health among LGBT populations: an update on the evidence","volume":"60","author":"Mongelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Minerva Psichiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09411-z","article-title":"The frequencies and disparities of adverse childhood experiences in the US","volume":"20","author":"Giano","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib14","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences, perceived discrimination, and mental health in sexual and gender minoritized adults: comparing stress accumulation and stress sensitization models","author":"Schnarrs","year":"2024","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s40124-024-00320-y","article-title":"A narrative synthesis review of legislation banning gender-affirming care","volume":"12","author":"Guti\u00c9rrez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Pediatr Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301069","article-title":"Stigma as a fundamental cause of population health inequalities","volume":"103","author":"Hatzenbuehler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.3390\/children8090761","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences predict common neurodevelopmental and behavioral health conditions among U.S. children","volume":"8","author":"Zarei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1177\/23294965241260057","article-title":"An updated data portrait of heterosexual, gay\/lesbian, bisexual, and other sexual minorities in the United States","volume":"11","author":"Stacey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Social Currents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib19","unstructured":"McCarthy J., Yi R. LGBTQ+ Adults Are Coming Out at Younger Ages Than in the Past. \u3008https:\/\/news.gallup.com\/poll\/647636\/lgbtq-adults-coming-younger-ages-past.aspx\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.117748","article-title":"Perceived gender expression nonconformity as an important determinant for vulnerability to bullying and cyberbullying among high school youth in the United States, 2013\u20132021","volume":"367","author":"Mason","year":"2025","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib21","series-title":"Gender in childhood","author":"Brown","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.628252","article-title":"Emotional dysregulation in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. A narrative review","volume":"12","author":"Paulus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Np13877","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211006352","article-title":"Household dysfunction is associated with bullying behavior in 10-year-old children: do socioeconomic circumstances matter?","volume":"37","author":"Fraga","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/fcre.12844","article-title":"Born this way and stuck in the middle: the queer child at the center of parental conflict","volume":"63","author":"Davis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Family Court Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2018.0157","article-title":"The influence of families on LGBTQ youth health: a call to action for innovation in research and intervention development","volume":"6","author":"Newcomb","year":"2019","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12638","article-title":"\u201cIt kinda breaks my heart\u201d: LGBTQ young adults' responses to family rejection","volume":"71","author":"DeChants","year":"2022","journal-title":"Family Relations"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib27","first-page":"41","article-title":"Working with suicidal and homeless LGBTQ+ youth in the context of family rejection","volume":"47","author":"Ream","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Health\u00a0Serv Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.04.023","article-title":"Revisiting the link: evidence of the rates of autism in studies of gender diverse individuals","volume":"57","author":"Strang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3959","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17794-1","article-title":"Elevated rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses, and autistic traits in transgender and gender-diverse individuals","volume":"11","author":"Warrier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s40653-021-00368-8","article-title":"Bullying victimization of children with mental, emotional, and developmental or behavioral (MEDB) disorders in the United States","volume":"15","author":"Iyanda","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e3181c828c8","article-title":"Bullying and ostracism experiences in children with special health care needs","volume":"31","author":"Twyman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e31827a7c3a","article-title":"The association between bullying and the psychological functioning of children with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"34","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2016.07.004","article-title":"Bullying among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth","volume":"63","author":"Earnshaw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Academic Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876285926000975?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876285926000975?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:27:22Z","timestamp":1780486042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876285926000975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1876285926000975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-2859"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-2859","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Childhood Experiences of Identity-Related Discrimination and Associated Health Risks in the United States, 2021-2023","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Academic Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acap.2026.103315","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier, Inc. on behalf of Academic Pediatric Association.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103315"}}