{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T08:39:58Z","timestamp":1777365598159,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"French National Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-20-CHIA-0016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-20-CHIA-0016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002738","name":"Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesia Critical Care &amp; Pain Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T08:08:19Z","timestamp":1759306099000},"page":"101636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Alpha-delta ratio as a robust marker of the impact of cerebral blood flow on EEG signal during general anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Elsa","family":"Manquat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Vall\u00e9e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"Gayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sabbagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melvin","family":"Berto-Strouc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jona","family":"Joachim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Cartailler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Gramfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31825683dc","article-title":"Hospital stay and mortality are increased in patients having a \u201ctriple low\u201d of low blood pressure, low bispectral index, and low minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anesthesia","volume":"116","author":"Sessler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.14172","article-title":"Effect of individualized vs standard blood pressure management strategies on postoperative organ dysfunction among high-risk patients undergoing major surgery: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"318","author":"Futier","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2019.1163","article-title":"Effect of targeting mean arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass by monitoring cerebral autoregulation on postsurgical delirium among older patients: a nested randomized clinical trial","volume":"154","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fanes.2023.1169961","article-title":"Cerebral autoregulation and cerebral blood flow response to mean arterial pressure challenge following induction of general anaesthesia for neuroradiology procedure","volume":"2","author":"Manquat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05900-x","article-title":"A management algorithm for adult patients with both brain oxygen and intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC)","volume":"46","author":"Chesnut","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31824c00d7","article-title":"Impact of extracranial contamination on regional cerebral oxygen saturation: a comparison of three cerebral oximetry technologies","volume":"116","author":"Davie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318297d763","article-title":"Factors affecting the performance of 5 cerebral oximeters during hypoxia in healthy volunteers","volume":"117","author":"Bickler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000841","article-title":"Clinical electroencephalography for anesthesiologistspart I: background and basic signatures","volume":"123","author":"Purdon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000686","article-title":"Quantitative EEG changes correlate with post-clamp ischemia during carotid endarterectomy","volume":"38","author":"Kamitaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2016.0471","article-title":"Neural correlates of consciousness at near-electrocerebral silence in an asphyxial cardiac arrest model","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Connect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.07.003","article-title":"EEG in ischaemic stroke: quantitative EEG can uniquely inform (sub-)acute prognoses and clinical management","volume":"124","author":"Finnigan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000281","article-title":"Clinical development and implementation of an institutional guideline for prospective EEG monitoring and reporting of delayed cerebral ischemia","volume":"33","author":"Muniz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11230","article-title":"Quantitative EEG for the detection of brain ischemia","volume":"16","author":"Foreman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000272","article-title":"EEG monitoring in cerebral ischemia: basic concepts and clinical applications","volume":"33","author":"van Putten","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjao.2022.100004","article-title":"Impact of impaired cerebral blood flow autoregulation on electroencephalogram signals in adults undergoing propofol anesthesia: a pilot study","volume":"1","author":"Manquat","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJA Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0080","series-title":"Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedures","article-title":"ACS publications","author":"Savitzky","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.152066","article-title":"Cerebrovascular regulation during transient hypotension and hypertension in humans","volume":"56","author":"Tzeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024","article-title":"Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data","volume":"164","author":"Maris","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0095","article-title":"Losing the dogmatic view of cerebral autoregulation","volume":"9","author":"Brassard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol Rep [Internet]"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2014.08.001","article-title":"Static autoregulation in humans: a review and reanalysis","volume":"36","author":"Numan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.014","article-title":"Defining abnormal slow EEG activity in acute ischaemic stroke: delta\/alpha ratio as an optimal QEEG index","volume":"127","author":"Finnigan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.06.017","article-title":"Quantitative continuous EEG for detecting delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"115","author":"Claassen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25232","article-title":"Continuous electroencephalography predicts delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy: EEG accurately predicts DCI","volume":"83","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00062.2017","article-title":"Brain glucose metabolism: integration of energetics with function","volume":"99","author":"Dienel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.632943","article-title":"Ischemic cerebral damage: an appraisal of synaptic failure","volume":"43","author":"Hofmeijer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005048","article-title":"The impact of cortical lesions on thalamo-cortical network dynamics after acute ischaemic stroke: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Jbabdi S, \u00e9diteur","volume":"12","author":"van Wijngaarden","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70251-9","article-title":"Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome","volume":"4","author":"van Mook","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.12.003","article-title":"Evolution of EEG patterns in cerebral reperfusion syndrome after carotid artery stenting","volume":"84","author":"Di Stasio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-018-0672-3","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol","volume":"57","author":"Sahinovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000436","article-title":"Effects of sevoflurane and propofol on frontal electroencephalogram power and coherence","volume":"121","author":"Akeju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.41.3.0310","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow measurements and electroencephalograms during carotid endarterectomy","volume":"41","author":"Sundt","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.4.4.674","article-title":"Correlation of continuous electroencephalograms with cerebral blood flow measurements during carotid endarterectomy","volume":"4","author":"Sharbrough","year":"1973","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02561.x","article-title":"Regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism during propofol anesthesia in healthy subjects studied with positron emission tomography","volume":"56","author":"Schl\u00fcnzen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200309000-00015","article-title":"Effects of sevoflurane, propofol, and adjunct nitrous oxide on regional cerebral blood flow, oxygen consumption, and blood volume in humans","volume":"99","author":"Kaisti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.10.036","article-title":"Effects of noxious stimulation on the electroencephalogram during general anesthesia: a narrative review and approach to analgesic titration","volume":"126","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.11.029","article-title":"Transient electroencephalographic alpha power loss during maintenance of general anesthesia","volume":"122","author":"Hight","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006119","article-title":"Open reimplementation of the BIS algorithms for depth of anesthesia","volume":"135","author":"Connor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2007.55","article-title":"Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment","volume":"9","author":"Hunter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comput Sci Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0195","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2649-2","article-title":"Array programming with NumPy","volume":"585","author":"Harris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0686-2","article-title":"SciPy 1.0: Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python","volume":"17","author":"Virtanen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2013.00267","article-title":"MEG and EEG data analysis with MNE-Python","volume":"7","author":"Gramfort","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Anaesthesia Critical Care &amp; Pain Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352556825001687?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352556825001687?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T07:38:23Z","timestamp":1777361903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352556825001687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2352556825001687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-5568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-5568","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Alpha-delta ratio as a robust marker of the impact of cerebral blood flow on EEG signal during general anesthesia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.accpm.2025.101636","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise d'Anesth\u00e9sie et de R\u00e9animation (SFAR).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101636"}}