{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T10:39:55Z","timestamp":1772102395737,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["academicradiology.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T22:33:23Z","timestamp":1634337203000},"page":"17-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Extrapulmonary CT Findings Predict In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8489-706X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans-Jonas","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Wienke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexey","family":"Surov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044921","article-title":"Variation in COVID-19 characteristics, treatment and outcomes in Michigan: an observational study in 32 hospitals","volume":"11","author":"Chopra","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Giorgi Rossi P; Reggio Emilia COVID-19 working group. The value of computed tomography in assessing the risk of death in COVID-19 patients presenting to the emergency room","author":"Besutti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1585","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China","volume":"323","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06378-z","article-title":"High risk groups for severe COVID-19 in a whole of population cohort in Australia","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.021","article-title":"Risk factors of critical & mortal COVID-19 cases: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2020200159","article-title":"Chest CT in COVID-19: what the radiologist needs to know","volume":"40","author":"Kwee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.23034","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of imaging findings in 919 patients","volume":"215","author":"Salehi","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000672","article-title":"The clinical and chest CT features associated with severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-020-00634-3","article-title":"Vaccine confidence in the time of COVID-19","volume":"35","author":"Harrison","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05706","article-title":"Recent updates on COVID-19: A holistic review","volume":"6","author":"Jakhmola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15442","article-title":"Impact of vaccination by priority group on UK deaths, hospital admissions and intensive care admissions from COVID-19","volume":"76","author":"Cook","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0014","article-title":"Factors predicting outcome in intensive care unit-admitted COVID-19 patients: using clinical, laboratory, and radiologic characteristics","volume":"2021","author":"Abkhoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0015","first-page":"267","article-title":"Clinical and radiologic characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with CKD","volume":"14","author":"Abrishami","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rxeng.2021.03.003","article-title":"Computed tomographic features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in three groups of Iranian patients: a single center study","volume":"63","author":"Ashtari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiologia (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e316","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e316","article-title":"Adverse initial CT findings associated with poor prognosis of coronavirus disease","volume":"35","author":"Chon","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2020.09.012","article-title":"The association of CT-measured cardiac indices with lung involvement and clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19","volume":"28","author":"Eslami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0019","first-page":"00032","article-title":"Coronary and total thoracic calcium scores predict mortality and provides pathophysiologic insights in COVID-19 patients","volume":"S1934-5925","author":"Giannini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154436","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue is associated with extent of pneumonia and adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19","volume":"115","author":"Grodecki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.02.016","article-title":"Coronary artery calcification in COVID-19 patients: an imaging biomarker for adverse clinical outcomes","volume":"77","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.10.005","article-title":"Predictive value of initial CT scan for various adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"50","author":"Khosravi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2020.109256","article-title":"Can CT performed in the early disease phase predict outcome of patients with COVID 19 pneumonia? Analysis of a cohort of 64 patients from Germany","volume":"131","author":"Meiler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0024","article-title":"The challenge of deciding between home-discharge versus hospitalization in COVID-19 patients: The role of initial imaging and clinicolaboratory data","volume":"10","author":"Mozafari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.931285","article-title":"Chest computed tomography (CT) as a predictor of clinical course in coronavirus disease","volume":"27","author":"Mruk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.01.028","article-title":"Mediastinal lymphadenopathy may predict 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19","volume":"75","author":"Satici","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-020-02148-1","article-title":"Imaging data in COVID-19 patients: focused on echocardiographic findings","volume":"37","author":"Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021204141","article-title":"CT-derived chest muscle metrics for outcome prediction in patients with COVID-19","author":"Schiaffino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.03.041","article-title":"Impact of clinical and subclinical coronary artery disease as assessed by coronary artery calcium in COVID-19","volume":"328","author":"Scoccia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0030","first-page":"1","article-title":"Coronary artery calcification and epicardial adipose tissue as independent predictors of mortality in COVID-19","author":"Slipczuk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0031","article-title":"CT Features and short-term prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia: a single-center study from kashan","volume":"2","author":"Tabatabaei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2020.109298","article-title":"Predictive value of CT in the short-term mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in nonelderly patients: a case-control study","volume":"132","author":"Tabatabaei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14123","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14123","article-title":"Pleural effusion as an indicator for the poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients","volume":"75","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05856-8","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 complicated with pleural effusion","volume":"21","author":"Zhan","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244707","article-title":"Coronary calcium scoring assessed on native screening chest CT imaging as predictor for outcome in COVID-19: An analysis of a hospitalized German cohort","volume":"15","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0036","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea B, O'Connell D, et\u00a0al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses - 2008. Accessed from: http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp Accessed July 1, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-12-200812160-00008","article-title":"Systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy","volume":"149","author":"Leeflang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-6-31","article-title":"Meta-DiSc: a software for meta-analysis of test accuracy data","volume":"6","author":"Zamora","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06065-z","article-title":"Development and validation of a simple-to-use nomogram to predict the deterioration and survival of patients with COVID-19","volume":"21","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2146","article-title":"Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a literature review","volume":"31","author":"Gallo Marin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s43055-021-00457-6","article-title":"Meta-analysis: COVID-19 diagnosis in chest CT\u2014master key for radiologists","volume":"52","author":"Hassanipour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3","article-title":"Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E72","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201160","article-title":"Frequency and distribution of chest radiographic findings in patients positive for COVID-19","volume":"296","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241955","article-title":"Prognostic factors for severity and mortality in patients infected with COVID-19: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Izcovich","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23384","article-title":"Cardiovascular manifestations in severe and critical patients with COVID-19","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001_bib0047","article-title":"Changes in COVID-19 in-hospital mortality in hospitalised adults in England over the first seven months of the pandemic: an observational study using administrative data","volume":"5","author":"Gray","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"}],"container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633221004591?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633221004591?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T08:52:32Z","timestamp":1761036752000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1076633221004591"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1076633221004591"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6332"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6332","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Extrapulmonary CT Findings Predict In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Academic Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2021.10.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}