{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T10:56:12Z","timestamp":1773226572801,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","academicradiology.org","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,4]],"date-time":"2023-11-04T06:42:09Z","timestamp":1699080129000},"page":"1122-1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Moral Injury Among Interventional Radiologists"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Woerner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colvin H.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Forris Beecham","family":"Chick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Abad-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HeeJin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eunjee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mina S.","family":"Makary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony N.","family":"Hage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Covello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2019.06.002","article-title":"Burnout among interventional radiologists","volume":"31","author":"Bundy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib2","unstructured":"Jha A.K., Iliff A.R., Chaoui A.A., et al. Waltham, MA: Massachusetts Medical Society, Massachusetts Health and Hospital Association, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Harvard Global Health Institute; 2019."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036090","article-title":"Moral injury","volume":"31","author":"Shay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychoanal Psych"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.07.003","article-title":"Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: a preliminary model and intervention strategy","volume":"29","author":"Litz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.12777","article-title":"Prevalence of burnout among physicians: a systematic review","volume":"320","author":"Rotenstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.22.28027","article-title":"Burnout is the symptom, moral injury is the cause: the need for systems-level changes in radiology","volume":"220","author":"Ayyala","year":"2023","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib7","first-page":"400","article-title":"Reframing clinician distress: moral injury not burnout","volume":"36","author":"Dean","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fed Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30385-2","article-title":"It's time to talk about physician burnout and moral injury","volume":"6","author":"Kopacz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib9","series-title":"Nursing practice: the ethical issues","author":"Jameton","year":"1984"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3739","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07761-5","article-title":"Moral injury in health care: identification and repair in the COVID-19 era","volume":"37","author":"Rosen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib11","first-page":"174","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of moral injury symptoms in health care professionals","volume":"209","author":"Mantri","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nerv\u00a0Ment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0001026","article-title":"Moral injury in Chinese health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2989","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-021-01328-0","article-title":"Moral injury: an increasingly recognized and widespread syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Koenig","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Relig Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00540019","article-title":"Development of a new type of global quality of life scale, and comparison of performance and preference for 12 global scales","volume":"5","author":"Hyland","year":"1996","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib15","first-page":"2323","article-title":"Identifying moral injury in healthcare professionals: the moral injury symptom scale-HP","volume":"59","author":"Mantri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Relig\u00a0Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1177\/08465371221120372","article-title":"Workforce diversity of interventional radiology physicians in North America: reflections on the U.S. experience","volume":"74","author":"Higgins","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07487-4","article-title":"Patterns of potential moral injury in post-9\/11 combat veterans and COVID-19 healthcare workers","volume":"37","author":"Nieuwsma","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.07.008","article-title":"Occupational burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress among healthcare professionals during the novel coronavirus disease\u00a02019\u00a0(COVID-19)","volume":"34","author":"Raudensk\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12752","article-title":"Physician burnout: contributors, consequences and solutions","volume":"283","author":"West","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2013.451","article-title":"Physician well-being: prevalence of burnout and associated risk factors in a tertiary hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"33","author":"Aldrees","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001367","article-title":"Moral injury and burnout in health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"209","author":"Mantri","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2022.2056740","article-title":"The norms and corporatization of medicine influence physician moral distress in the United States","volume":"35","author":"Beck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Teach Learn Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031666","article-title":"A scoping review of moral stressors, moral distress and moral injury in healthcare workers during COVID-19","volume":"19","author":"Riedel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib24","first-page":"3739","article-title":"Moral injury in health care: identification and repair in the COVID-19 era","volume":"37","author":"Rosen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gen Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00113-9","article-title":"Moral injury: the effect on mental health and implications for treatment","volume":"8","author":"Williamson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00619","article-title":"Chaplaincy, spiritual care and moral injury: considerations regarding screening and treatment","volume":"9","author":"Carey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2022.01.001","article-title":"The wicked problem of physician well-being","volume":"40","author":"Sinskey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.220182","article-title":"Physician burnout versus moral injury and the importance of distinguishing them","volume":"43","author":"Sheikhbahaei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.22.28968","article-title":"Moral distress in radiology: frequency, root causes, and countermeasures-results of a national survey","volume":"221","author":"Dave","year":"2023","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.03.005","article-title":"Summary of the 2022 ACR intersociety meeting","volume":"20","author":"Siewert","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"}],"container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633223004828?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633223004828?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T17:26:18Z","timestamp":1729099578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1076633223004828"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1076633223004828"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6332"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6332","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Moral Injury Among Interventional Radiologists","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Academic Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2023.09.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}