{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:01:29Z","timestamp":1786114889965,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012562","name":"Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026CXZX-932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026CXZX-932"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012562","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004775","name":"Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25JRRA294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25JRRA294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["academicradiology.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:42:08Z","timestamp":1784950928000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preoperative Noninvasive Prediction of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Rectal Cancer Using MRI Radiomics and Clinical-Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Interpretable Model with SHAP and LIME"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongdong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leping","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjuan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4576-3776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"6349","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan6733","article-title":"Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade","volume":"357","author":"Le","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.698604","article-title":"Tumor-associated tertiary lymphoid structures: from basic and clinical knowledge to therapeutic manipulation","volume":"12","author":"Domblides","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"_4","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv22","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx224","article-title":"Rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Glynne-Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-021-00313-9","article-title":"Biomarkers and cell-based models to predict the outcome of neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer patients","volume":"9","author":"Alkan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomark Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18030573","article-title":"Predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers for response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal cancer","volume":"18","author":"Dayde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.11.036","article-title":"Radiomics: extracting more information from medical images using advanced feature analysis","volume":"48","author":"Lambin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"6576","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf9419","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer","volume":"375","author":"Schumacher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01947-5","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"7791","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1922-8","article-title":"B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures promote immunotherapy response","volume":"577","author":"Helmink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-024-00533-w","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures predict survival and response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Precis Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-021-00232-6","article-title":"Mature tertiary lymphoid structures predict immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in solid tumors independently of PD-L1 expression","volume":"2","author":"Vanhersecke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib13","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures: new immunotherapy biomarker","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00534-x","article-title":"The inflammatory pathogenesis of colorectal cancer","volume":"21","author":"Schmitt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2024.2400314","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures in colorectal cancer","volume":"56","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158002","article-title":"Inflammation-related biomarkers for the prediction of prognosis in colorectal cancer patients","volume":"22","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-024-00789-2","article-title":"MRI radiomics and nutritional-inflammatory biomarkers: a powerful combination for predicting progression-free survival in cervical cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy","volume":"24","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4659048","article-title":"Prognostic value of the systemic inflammation response index in patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"2019","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.52553","article-title":"Development and validation of a machine learning model for detection and classification of tertiary lymphoid structures in gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28900","article-title":"Analysis of the correlation and prognostic significance of tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer: a radiomics-clinical integration approach","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-025-01906-w","article-title":"Determining the status of tertiary lymphoid structures in invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma based on chest CT radiomic features","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29128","article-title":"Association between MRI radiomics and intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its prognostic significance","volume":"60","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4317","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000003845","article-title":"A noninvasive AI model based on multi-dimensional MRI features for predicting tertiary lymphoid structures, immunotherapy response, and prognosis in rectal cancer","volume":"112","author":"Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-025-02086-3","article-title":"MRI-derived radiomics model for predicting intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in soft tissue sarcoma","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-5026-2","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging for clinical management of rectal cancer: Updated recommendations from the 2016 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus meeting","volume":"28","author":"Beets-Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-018-6462-1","article-title":"AJCC 8th Edition: colorectal cancer","volume":"25","author":"Weiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110309","article-title":"Preoperative prediction of intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures based on CT in hepatocellular cancer","volume":"151","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-11902-9","article-title":"Noninvasive MRI imaging feature-based prediction of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structure maturity in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study","volume":"36","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-024-00813-5","article-title":"Preoperative assessment of tertiary lymphoid structures in stage I lung adenocarcinoma using CT radiomics: a multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-025-04205-x","article-title":"Assessment of tertiary lymphoid structures via (18)F-FDG PET\/CT scan in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma","volume":"74","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07403-6","article-title":"Multiparametric MRI-based radiomics signature for preoperative estimation of tumor-stroma ratio in rectal cancer","volume":"31","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.38354","article-title":"Value of intra-tumor heterogeneity evaluated by diffusion-weighted MRI for predicting pathological stages and therapeutic responses to chemoradiotherapy in lower rectal cancer","volume":"11","author":"Kudou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020191145","article-title":"The image biomarker standardization initiative: standardized quantitative radiomics for high-throughput image-based phenotyping","volume":"295","author":"Zwanenburg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e104","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0339","article-title":"Computational radiomics system to decode the radiographic phenotype","volume":"77","author":"van Griethuysen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29144","article-title":"Advanced diffusion-weighted MRI for cancer microstructure assessment in body imaging, and its relationship with histology","volume":"60","author":"Fokkinga","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-20935-9","article-title":"Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mutational burden as biomarkers of tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"12","author":"Valero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1378844","article-title":"Maturation of tertiary lymphoid structures and recurrence of stage II and III colorectal cancer","volume":"7","author":"Posch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15175","article-title":"Tertiary lymphoid structures combined with biomarkers of inflammation are associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"issue":"8094","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09686-5","article-title":"Multi-omic profiling reveals age-related immune dynamics in healthy adults","volume":"648","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-025-01527-9","article-title":"Targeting immunosenescence and inflammaging: advancing longevity research","volume":"57","author":"Nguyen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5054","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-10570-x","article-title":"Reply to Letter to the Editor: \"Obsolescence of nomograms in radiomics research\"","volume":"34","author":"Akinci D\u2032Antonoli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"}],"container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633226005180?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633226005180?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T22:49:20Z","timestamp":1785970160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1076633226005180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S1076633226005180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6332"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6332","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Preoperative Noninvasive Prediction of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Rectal Cancer Using MRI Radiomics and Clinical-Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Interpretable Model with SHAP and LIME","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Academic Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2026.07.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Association of Academic Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}