{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:38:14Z","timestamp":1792643894286,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["academicradiology.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:47:41Z","timestamp":1792640861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MRI Interpretation of Suspected Pediatric Acute Appendicitis: The Role of Pediatric Subspecialty Training"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Hajer","family":"Jarraya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime Esteban","family":"Olayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Lucia","family":"Guzman-Botero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Pena-Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Gallo-Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Gabriela","family":"Figueiro-Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand M.","family":"Prabhakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randheer","family":"Shailam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Victoria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib1","unstructured":"Overview of Emergency Department Visits in the United States; 2011 - Statistical Brief #174. Available at: https:\/\/hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/reports\/statbriefs\/sb174-Emergency-Department-Visits-Overview.jsp. Accessed February 3, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.07.017","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of acute appendicitis in the United States: study period 1993-2008","volume":"175","author":"Buckius","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib3","article-title":"Health outcomes in US children with abdominal pain at major emergency departments associated with race and socioeconomic status","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2000.tb00470.x","article-title":"False-negative and false-positive errors in abdominal pain evaluation: failure to diagnose acute appendicitis and unnecessary surgery","volume":"7","author":"Graff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1710534","article-title":"Clinical prediction scores for pediatric appendicitis","volume":"31","author":"Gudjonsdottir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-200006000-00005","article-title":"Appendicitis in the young child: a continuing diagnostic challenge","volume":"16","author":"Nance","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1570757","article-title":"Misdiagnosis of acute appendicitis in children attending the emergency department: the experience of a large, tertiary care pediatric hospital","volume":"27","author":"Galai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12144","article-title":"The implications of missed opportunities to diagnose appendicitis in children","volume":"20","author":"Naiditch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30006-7","article-title":"Appendicitis risk prediction models in children presenting with right iliac fossa pain (RIFT study): a prospective, multicentre validation study","volume":"4","author":"RIFT Study Group on behalf of the West Midlands Research Collaborative","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2019.02.022","article-title":"ACR Appropriateness Criteria\u00ae suspected appendicitis-child","volume":"16","author":"Koberlein","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12161","article-title":"Performance of ultrasound in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children in a multicenter cohort","volume":"20","author":"Mittal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.10.007","article-title":"Does right lower quadrant abdominal ultrasound accurately identify perforation in pediatric acute appendicitis?","volume":"50","author":"Tseng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e246","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002236","article-title":"Radiation-free diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis: accuracy of point-of-care ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"38","author":"Davis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.10.039","article-title":"Accuracy of unenhanced, non-sedated MRI in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children","volume":"55","author":"Heye","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3727-3","article-title":"Ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging\u2014which is preferred for acute appendicitis in children? A meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019181959","article-title":"First-line diagnostic evaluation with MRI of children suspected of having acute appendicitis","volume":"291","author":"Mushtaq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3897-7","article-title":"Performance characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging without contrast agents or sedation in pediatric appendicitis","volume":"47","author":"Didier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.09.022","article-title":"Accuracy and interobserver agreement between MR-non-expert radiologists and MR-experts in reading MRI for suspected appendicitis","volume":"83","author":"Leeuwenburgh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08163-7","article-title":"Abdominal fellowship-trained versus generalist radiologist accuracy when interpreting MR and CT for the diagnosis of appendicitis","volume":"32","author":"Bracken","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3182494fce","article-title":"Computed tomographic scan diagnosis of appendicitis in children by pediatric and adult radiologists","volume":"28","author":"Matsuno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-019-04596-x","article-title":"Providing second-opinion interpretations of pediatric imaging: embracing the call for value-added medicine","volume":"51","author":"Sammer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7662","article-title":"Second opinion interpretations by specialty radiologists at a pediatric hospital: rate of disagreement and clinical implications","volume":"199","author":"Eakins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.19825","article-title":"MRI for pediatric appendicitis in an adult-focused general hospital: a clinical effectiveness study\u2014challenges and lessons learned","volume":"212","author":"Covelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.11030","article-title":"Journal club: the pediatric appendix: defining normal","volume":"202","author":"Trout","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.212631","article-title":"Mandating limits on workload, duty, and speed in radiology","volume":"304","author":"Alexander","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.21290","article-title":"Speed versus interpretation accuracy: current thoughts and literature review","volume":"213","author":"Muroff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2015.03.040","article-title":"The effect of faster reporting speed for imaging studies on the number of misses and interpretation errors: a pilot study","volume":"12","author":"Sokolovskaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017170555","article-title":"Effect of shift, schedule, and volume on interpretive accuracy: a retrospective analysis of 2.9 million radiologic examinations","volume":"287","author":"Hanna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111896","article-title":"Acute appendicitis on abdominal MR images: training readers to improve diagnostic accuracy","volume":"264","author":"Leeuwenburgh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3857-2","article-title":"Quality measures and pediatric radiology: suggestions for the transition to value-based payment","volume":"47","author":"Heller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-005-0431-2","article-title":"New proposed responsibilities of a radiologist in the emergency room: what you need to know and must, shall, should do","volume":"12","author":"Goldman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2019.03.009","article-title":"Emergency radiology: current challenges and preparing for continued growth","volume":"16","author":"Chong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222030","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of pediatric acute appendicitis by artificial intelligence methods: an investigator-independent approach","volume":"14","author":"Reismann","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.138","article-title":"A national assessment of pediatric readiness of emergency departments","volume":"169","author":"Gausche-Hill","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.06.053","article-title":"Distribution of acute appendicitis care in children: a statewide assessment of the surgeons and facilities providing surgical care","volume":"173","author":"Georgeades","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.07.026","article-title":"Pediatric radiologist workforce shortage: action steps to resolve","volume":"18","author":"Farmakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib37","article-title":"Misdiagnosis of acute appendicitis cases in the emergency room","volume":"16","author":"Mostafa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.167.2.3282253","article-title":"Acute appendicitis: sonographic criteria based on 250 cases","volume":"167","author":"Jeffrey","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2013.08.027","article-title":"Acute appendicitis: investigating an optimal outer appendiceal diameter cut-point in a pediatric population","volume":"46","author":"Prendergast","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["Academic Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633226008408?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1076633226008408?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:47:47Z","timestamp":1792640867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1076633226008408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S1076633226008408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6332"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6332","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MRI Interpretation of Suspected Pediatric Acute Appendicitis: The Role of Pediatric Subspecialty Training","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Academic Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2026.10.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Association of Academic Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}