{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T05:43:13Z","timestamp":1794030193266,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Tropica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]],"date-time":"2015-10-25T11:10:34Z","timestamp":1445771434000},"page":"70-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Venom from Opisthacanthus elatus scorpion of Colombia, could be more hemolytic and less neurotoxic than thought"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Estrada-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leidy Johana","family":"Vargas Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Saldarriaga-C\u00f3rdoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Quintana Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)01150-0","article-title":"Myotoxic phospholipases A2 in bothrops snake venoms: effect of chemical modifications on the enzymatic and pharmacological properties of bothropstoxins from Bothrops jararacussu","volume":"82","author":"Andri\u00e3o-Escarso","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2007.11.007","article-title":"Identification, cloning and functional characterization of a novel dermonecrotic toxin (phospholipase D) from brown spider (Loxosceles intermedia) venom","volume":"1780","author":"Appel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2006.12.004","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of the venom from the scorpion Tityus stigmurus: biochemical and physiological comparison with other Tityus species","volume":"146","author":"Batista","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method","volume":"45","author":"Bauer","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.05.017","article-title":"The new kappa-KTx 2.5 from the scorpion Opisthacanthus cayaporum","volume":"32","author":"Camargos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.05.017","article-title":"The new kappa-KTx 2.5 from the scorpion Opisthacanthus cayaporum","volume":"32","author":"Camargos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0035","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and mechanism of a scorpion venom peptide derivative in vitro and in vivo","volume":"7","author":"Cao","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.04.010","article-title":"StCT2, a new antibacterial peptide characterized from the venom of the scorpion Scorpiops tibetanus","volume":"36","author":"Cao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3590035","article-title":"Characterization of unique amphipathic antimicrobial peptides from venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator","volume":"359","author":"Corzo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23627","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200511200","article-title":"Oxyopinins, large amphipathic peptides isolated from the venom of the wolf spider Oxyopes kitabensis with cytolytic properties and positive insecticidal cooperativity with spider neurotoxins","volume":"277","author":"Corzo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20041705","article-title":"An unusual fold for potassium channel blockers: NMR structure of three toxins from the scorpion Opisthacanthus madagascariensis","volume":"388","author":"Chagot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(91)97134-K","article-title":"Chromogenic substrates and assay of phospholipases A2","volume":"197","author":"Cho","year":"1991","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00423-0","article-title":"Purification, structure-function analysis, and molecular characterization of novel linear peptides from scorpion Opisthacanthus madagascariensis","volume":"293","author":"Dai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5472","article-title":"IsCT, a novel cytotoxic linear peptide from scorpion Opisthacanthus madagascariensis","volume":"286","author":"Dai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.08.011","article-title":"Loxosceles venom-induced cytokine activation, hemolysis, and acute kidney injury","volume":"51","author":"de Souza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.06.014","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of six novel peptides from Tityus discrepans scorpion venom. A fluorescent probe study of microbial membrane Na+ permeability changes","volume":"54","author":"Diaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6072082","article-title":"Intraspecific variation of centruroides edwardsii venom from two regions of Colombia","volume":"6","author":"Estrada-Gomez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2013.10.014","article-title":"Extraction and partial characterization of venom from the Colombian spider Pamphobeteus aff. nigricolor (Aranae: Theraphosidae)","volume":"76C","author":"Estrada-Gomez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2009.12.006","article-title":"Isolation of an acidic phospholipase A2 from the venom of the snake Bothrops asper of Costa Rica: biochemical and toxicological characterization","volume":"92","author":"Fernandez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5589","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1033.2001.02494.x","article-title":"Amphipathic alpha helical antimicrobial peptides","volume":"268","author":"Giangaspero","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.11.015","article-title":"The insecticidal potential of scorpion \u03b2-toxins","volume":"49","author":"Gurevitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(88)90010-4","article-title":"An alternative in vitro method for testing the potency of the polyvalent antivenom produced in Costa Rica","volume":"26","author":"Gutierrez","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2014.06.006","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides from scorpion venoms","volume":"88","author":"Harrison","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(96)00057-8","article-title":"An aqueous endpoint assay of snake venom phospholipase A2","volume":"34","author":"Holzer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.11.012","article-title":"Modulation of insect Ca(v) channels by peptidic spider toxins","volume":"49","author":"King","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.05.020","article-title":"A rational nomenclature for naming peptide toxins from spiders and other venomous animals","volume":"52","author":"King","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2008.07.011","article-title":"Nephrotoxicity caused by brown spider venom phospholipase-D (dermonecrotic toxin) depends on catalytic activity","volume":"90","author":"Kusma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","article-title":"Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4","volume":"227","author":"Laemmli","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.15298\/arthsel.23.4.07","article-title":"Micro-endemic and vicariant populations of Opisthacanthus Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Hormuridae) in Madagascar, with descriptions of two new species","volume":"23","author":"Lourenco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthropoda Selecta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0150","first-page":"343","article-title":"Sur la distribution g\u00e7graphique et l\u00e9\u00e7cologie d\u00e9 Opisthacathus cayaporum Vellard, 1932 (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae)","volume":"41","author":"Louren\u00e7o","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ver. Brasil Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0155","first-page":"81","article-title":"Description of a new species of Opisthacanthus Peters (Scorpiones:Liochelidae) to Brazilian Amazonia","volume":"8","author":"Louren\u00e7o","year":"2003","journal-title":"Revista Ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0160","first-page":"81","article-title":"Description of a new species of Opisthacanthus Peters (Scorpiones:Liochelidae) to Brazilian Amazonia","volume":"8","author":"Louren\u00e7o","year":"2003","journal-title":"Revista ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.06.014","article-title":"Purification and characterization of a novel short-chain insecticidal toxin with two disulfide bridges from the venom of the scorpion Liocheles australasiae","volume":"50","author":"Matsushita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.04.012","article-title":"Characterization of peptide components in the venom of the scorpion Liocheles australasiae (Hemiscorpiidae)","volume":"50","author":"Miyashita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.90723","article-title":"A novel amphipathic linear peptide with both insect toxicity and antimicrobial activity from the venom of the scorpion Isometrus maculatus","volume":"74","author":"Miyashita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.11.027","article-title":"Insect-selective spider toxins targeting voltage-gated sodium channels","volume":"49","author":"Nicholson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.11.010","article-title":"Biochemical and biological characterization of two serine proteinases from Colombian Crotalus durissus cumanensis snake venom","volume":"63","author":"Pati\u00f1o","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.1751","volume":"9","author":"Pimenta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.415","article-title":"Moving pieces in a proteomic puzzle: mass fingerprinting of toxic fractions from the venom of Tityus serrulatus (Scorpiones, Buthidae)","volume":"15","author":"Pimenta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0200","series-title":"Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides","first-page":"1640","article-title":"Scorpion venom peptide","author":"Possani","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017062613503","article-title":"Structure and function of scorpion toxins affecting K+-channels","volume":"16","author":"Possani","year":"1999","journal-title":"Perspect. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.2005.00073.x","article-title":"Scorpion higher phylogeny and classification, taxonomic anarchy, and standards for peer review in online publishing","volume":"21","author":"Prendini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cladistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.02.002","article-title":"Gene cloning and functional characterization of four novel antimicrobial-like peptides from scorpions of the family Vaejovidae","volume":"34","author":"Ramirez-Carreto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0220","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determinaci\u00f3n de la dosis letal 50% por el m\u00e9todo de Spearman\u2013Karber","author":"Robles","year":"1990","journal-title":"Toxicalc. FOCET"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.11.010","article-title":"Mining on scorpion venom biodiversity","volume":"56","author":"Rodriguez de la Vega","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.03.029","article-title":"Mass spectrometry analysis, amino acid sequence and biological activity of venom components from the Brazilian scorpion Opisthacanthus cayaporum","volume":"51","author":"Schwartz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.04.010","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of cDNA sequences encoding for new venom peptides of the Brazilian scorpion Opisthacanthus cayaporum","volume":"54","author":"Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0240","first-page":"949","article-title":"Development of simple standard assay procedures for the characterization of snake venom","volume":"61","author":"Theakston","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2004.05.005","article-title":"Biochemical, genetic and physiological characterization of venom components from two species of scorpions: Centruroides exilicauda Wood and Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing","volume":"86","author":"Valdez-Cruz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2174\/1570193X1101140402100416","article-title":"Purification and characterization of venom components as source for antibiotics","volume":"11","author":"Vargas Munoz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mini-Rev. Org. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(99)00197-X","article-title":"Identification of high molecular weight serine-proteases in Loxosceles intermedia (brown spider) venom","volume":"38","author":"Veiga","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.09.031","article-title":"A novel P-I class metalloproteinase with broad substrate-cleaving activity, agkislysin, from Agkistrodon acutus venom","volume":"324","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0265","series-title":"Progress in the characterization of venoms and standardization of antivenoms","author":"WHO","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0270","series-title":"Guidelines for Laboratory and Field Testing of Mosquito Larvicides. World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and Eradication Who Pesticide Evaluation Scheme","author":"WHO","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.2004.04322.x","article-title":"Solution structure of IsTX\u2014a male scorpion toxin from Opisthacanthus madagascariensis (Ischnuridae)","volume":"271","author":"Yamaji","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540500058899","article-title":"Scorpion venom peptides without disulfide bridges","volume":"57","author":"Zeng","year":"2005","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"}],"container-title":["Acta Tropica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001706X15301170?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001706X15301170?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T19:08:15Z","timestamp":1567278495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001706X15301170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0001706X15301170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-706X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-706X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Venom from Opisthacanthus elatus scorpion of Colombia, could be more hemolytic and less neurotoxic than thought","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Tropica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.09.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}