{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:46:30Z","timestamp":1770741990590,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Tropica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,31]],"date-time":"2016-08-31T02:19:01Z","timestamp":1472609941000},"page":"76-89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Canine visceral leishmaniasis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Azar","family":"Shokri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5419-6219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Fakhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeed Hosseini","family":"Teshnizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0005","first-page":"531","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Kerman city","volume":"19","author":"Aflatoonian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. KUMS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(89)90267-8","article-title":"Leishmania infecting man and wild animals in Saudi Arabia: 5. Diversity of parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis in man and dogs in the south-west","volume":"83","author":"Al-Zahrani","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0020","first-page":"537","article-title":"Characterization of visceral leishmaniasis in reservoir host (dogs) and determination of agent by PCR in Boyer-Ahmad district, Iran","volume":"6","author":"Ansari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Armaghane-Danesh YUMSJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0025","first-page":"85","article-title":"Nomadic kala-azar in south of Iran","volume":"35","author":"Asgari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Iran J. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0030","first-page":"31","article-title":"Seroepidemiological investigation of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs of Ahvaz district, Iran","volume":"62","author":"Avizeh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Razi Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.04.001","article-title":"Canine leishmaniosis \u2013new concepts and insights on an expanding zoonosis: part one","volume":"24","author":"Baneth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0040","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mucocutaneous Leishmania tropica infection in a dog from a human cutaneous leishmaniasis focus","volume":"24","author":"Baneth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-013-0325-2","article-title":"Canine visceral leishmaniasis: seroprevalence survey of asymptomatic dogs in an endemic area of northwestern Iran","volume":"39","author":"Barati","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Parasit Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.08.022","article-title":"Immunological profile of resistance and susceptibility in naturally infected dogs by Leishmania infantum","volume":"15","author":"De Almeida Leal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0055","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identification of endemic focus of kala-azar and seroepidemiological study of visceral leshmaniasis infection in human and canine in Qom province, Iran","volume":"33","author":"Fakhar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Armaghane-Danesh"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0060","first-page":"103","article-title":"A new endemic focus of visceral leishmaniosis in southeren Iran","volume":"11","author":"Fakhar","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Armaghane-Danesh"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0065","first-page":"51","article-title":"Molecular and seroepidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis among humans and domestic dogs in Mazandaran Province north of Iran","volume":"6","author":"Fakhar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-011-1179-6","article-title":"Asymptomatic domestic dogs are carriers of Leishmania infantum: possible reservoirs host for human visceral leishmaniasis in southern Iran","volume":"21","author":"Fakhar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comp. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0075","unstructured":"Fakhar, M., Mohebali, M., Ahmadpour, E ., 2013. Visceral leishmaniasis. First edition, Gorgan, Iran [in Persian]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-013-0307-4","article-title":"Emergence of a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum in Golestan Province, north-eastern of Iran","volume":"38","author":"Fakhar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Parasit Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR11.058","article-title":"Molecular and seroepidemiological study of Leishmania infantum infection among humans dogs and wild canines from Azar shahr (new endemic focus), Iran","volume":"5","author":"Fallah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr. J. Microb. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0090","first-page":"648","article-title":"Serological survey and comparison of two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in dogs","volume":"10","author":"Fallah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0095","first-page":"58","article-title":"Seroepidemiology survey in sheepdogs in jahrom, fars province","volume":"4","author":"Farzam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. J. Shahid Chamran Ahvaz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0100","article-title":"Prevalence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in dogs from West of Iran","author":"Gharekhani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Parasit Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00141-8","article-title":"Canine leishmaniasis transmission: higher infectivity amongst naturally infected dogs to sand flies is associated with lower proportions of T helper cells","volume":"77","author":"Guarga","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0110","first-page":"152","article-title":"Seroepidemiologcal investigation of visceral leishmaniasis in stray and owned dogs in Alborz Province: central Iran using direct agglutination test","volume":"8","author":"Haddadzade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0115","first-page":"85","article-title":"Leishmania tropica: another agent of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Iran","volume":"36","author":"Hajjaran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran. J. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0120","article-title":"Molecular identification and polymorphism determination of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis agents isolated from human and animal hosts in Iran","author":"Hajjaran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bio. Med. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(82)90100-6","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis of jackals and dogs in northern Iran","volume":"76","author":"Hamidi","year":"1982","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0130","first-page":"37","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for canine leishmaniasis in Mashhad: north-east of Iran","volume":"4","author":"Heidarpour","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran J. Vet. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0135","first-page":"54","article-title":"Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in asymptomatic dogs in Iran","volume":"13","author":"Hosseininejad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran J. Vet. Res. Shiraz Univ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0140","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study on seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in stray dogs of Marand (East Azerbaijan) with indirect immuno-fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and its health importance in 2007\u20132008","volume":"4","author":"Khanmohammadi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasite Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0145","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in baft district, kerman province, southeast of Iran","volume":"6","author":"Mahmoudvand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0150","first-page":"132","article-title":"Seroepidemiologic survey of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Tehran and Alborz provinces of Iran","volume":"8","author":"Malmasi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Arthropod-Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.67.511","article-title":"Domestic dog ownership in Iran is a risk factor for human infection with Leishmania infantum","volume":"67","author":"Mazlumi gavgani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-007-0497-8","article-title":"A leishmaniosis surveillance system among stray dogs in the region of Madrid: ten years of serodiagnosis (1996\u20132006)","volume":"101","author":"Mir\u00f3","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0165","first-page":"244","article-title":"A Leishmania Infantum FML-ELISA for the detection of symptomatic and asymptomatic canine visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Iran","volume":"8","author":"Mohammadi-Ghalehbin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0170","first-page":"55","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis among dogs in some parts of Iran and its hygienic importance","volume":"56","author":"Mohebali","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.03.058","article-title":"Double-blind randomized efficacy field trial of alum precipitated autoclaved Leishmania major vaccine mixed with BCG against canine visceral leishmaniasis in Meshkin-Shahr district, I.R","volume":"22","author":"Mohebali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Iran. Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.01.010","article-title":"Epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniosis in the Islamic Republic of Iran","volume":"129","author":"Mohebali","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0185","first-page":"15","article-title":"Application of direct agglutination test (DAT) for the diagnosis and seroepidemiological studies of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran","volume":"1","author":"Mohebali","year":"2006","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0190","first-page":"348","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in Iran: review of the epidemiological and clinical features","volume":"8","author":"Mohebali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0195","first-page":"1","article-title":"Seroepidemiological study on canine visceral leishmaniasis in meshkin-Shahr district, ardabil province, northwest of Iran during 2006\u20132007","volume":"3","author":"Moshfe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.07.004","article-title":"Canine visceral leishmaniasis: asymptomatic infected dogs as a source of L. infantum infection","volume":"112","author":"Moshfe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0205","first-page":"75","article-title":"Canine visceral leishmaniasis in boyer ahmad district, kohgiluyeh & boyer ahmad province, southwest of Iran","volume":"7","author":"Moshfe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-012-0226-9","article-title":"Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeast of Iran","volume":"38","author":"Mostafavi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Parasit Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0215","first-page":"25","article-title":"Serological survey of Leishmania infantum in jackals in golestan province, Iran (2011\u20132013)","volume":"24","author":"Namroodi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mazandaran Univ. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0220","first-page":"23","article-title":"Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Kusadasi, Turkey","volume":"29","author":"Ozensoys","year":"2005","journal-title":"Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.510","article-title":"Impact of canine control on the epidemiology of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil","volume":"65","author":"Palatnik-De-Sousa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.026","article-title":"Two Leishmania species circulating in the Kaleybar focus of infantile visceral leishmaniasis, northwest Iran: implications for deltamethrin dog collar intervention","volume":"102","author":"Parvizi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90409-3","article-title":"The role of dogs in the epidemiology of human visceral leishmaniasis in northern Pakistan","volume":"89","author":"Rab","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0240","first-page":"38","article-title":"The seminested PCR based detection of Leishmania infantum infection in asymptomatic dogs in a new endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran","volume":"1","author":"Rassi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran. J. Arthropod-Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0245","first-page":"22","article-title":"Prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in dogs at Ardestan district detected by PCR","volume":"5","author":"Razzaghy Manesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.10.307","article-title":"Systemic and compartmentalized immune response in canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"15","author":"Reis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-012-0160-x","article-title":"A serological study of Leishmania infantum in dogs of Khorasan Razavi province, Iran","volume":"37","author":"Sabzevari","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Parasit Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.02.021","article-title":"Seroepidemiological and entomological survey in a new focus of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Kars Province, Northeastern Turkey","volume":"30","author":"Sari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0265","first-page":"60","article-title":"Neospora caninum and Leishmania infantum Co-Infection in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) in meshkin-Shahr district: northwestern Iran","volume":"1","author":"Sharifdini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Arthropod-Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0925-z","article-title":"A narrative review of visceral leishmaniasis in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, the crimean peninsula and southern Russia","volume":"8","author":"Strelkova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0275","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis by ELISA using K39sub recombinant antigen","volume":"36","author":"Taran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iran. J. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02384.x","article-title":"Leishmaniasis in Turkey: molecular characterization of Leishmania from human and canine clinical samples","volume":"14","author":"Toz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"147","author":"Von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Int. Med."}],"container-title":["Acta Tropica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001706X16306404?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001706X16306404?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,8]],"date-time":"2018-09-08T18:25:25Z","timestamp":1536431125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001706X16306404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0001706X16306404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-706X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-706X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Canine visceral leishmaniasis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Tropica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.08.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}