{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T05:04:27Z","timestamp":1792904667973,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CONACYT, Mexico","award":["IN237864"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN237864"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Tropica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]],"date-time":"2018-08-06T16:11:04Z","timestamp":1533571864000},"page":"264-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"C","title":["North American scorpion species of public health importance with a reappraisal of historical epidemiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"187","author":[{"given":"Edmundo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Santill\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourival D.","family":"Possani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0005","first-page":"217","article-title":"Les piq\u00fbres de scorpion: un probl\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 publique \u00e0 Morelos (Mexique)","volume":"15","author":"Bour\u00e9e","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cah. d\u2019\u00e9tudes Rech. Francoph. Sant\u00e9"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1986.10488093","article-title":"An analysis for unreplicated fractional factorials","volume":"28","author":"Box","year":"1986","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.12.015","article-title":"History of scorpion antivenom: one Arizonan\u2019s view","volume":"69","author":"Boyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3731","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13707","article-title":"Genomic data reveal ancient microendemism in forest scorpions across the California Floristic Province","volume":"25","author":"Bryson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0025","first-page":"53","article-title":"Alacranismo","volume":"10","author":"Camacho-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Investig. Pedi\u00e1trica M\u00e9xico"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0030","series-title":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Epidemiolog\u00eda Manual de Procedimientos Estandarizados para la Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica de la Intoxicaci\u00f3n por Picadura de Alacr\u00e1n","author":"Carboney","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2012.10.020","article-title":"Complex cocktails: the evolutionary novelty of venoms","volume":"28","author":"Casewell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0040","first-page":"12","article-title":"Distribuci\u00f3n Geogr\u00e1fica del Alacranismo en el Estado de Guanajuato","volume":"17","author":"Castillo-P\u00e9rez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892007000500005","article-title":"Tendencia de la mortalidad por picaduras de alacr\u00e1n en M\u00e9xico, 1979-2003","volume":"21","author":"Celis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev. Panam. Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0050","series-title":"Scorpion Venoms, Toxinology","article-title":"Scorpionism and dangerous species of Mexico","author":"Ch\u00e1vez-Haro","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.05.021","article-title":"Epidemiology of scorpionism: a global appraisal","volume":"107","author":"Chippaux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.02.004","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of scorpionism in Colima, Mexico (2000\u20132001)","volume":"47","author":"Chowell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0065","series-title":"Escorpiofauna (Arachnida: Scorpiones) del estado de Morelos, M\u00e9xico. Bachelor Thesis","author":"C\u00f3rdova-Athanasiadis","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(89)90175-X","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of scorpion sting in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico","volume":"27","author":"Dehesa-D\u00e1vila","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)90383-2","article-title":"Scorpionism and serotherapy in Mexico","volume":"32","author":"Dehesa-D\u00e1vila","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0080","first-page":"15","article-title":"Lista y datos de distribuci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica de los alacranes de M\u00e9xico","volume":"24","author":"D\u00edaz-N\u00e1jera","year":"1975","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Salubr. Enferm. Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1636\/Ha13-33.1","article-title":"A new genus and a new species of scorpion (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from southeastern Mexico","volume":"42","author":"Francke","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Arachnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0090","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Scorpions of the Vejovis boreus Group (Subgenus Paruroctonus) in North America (Scorpionida, Vejovidae)","author":"Gertsch","year":"1966","journal-title":"Novitates"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0095","first-page":"19","article-title":"New groups and species belonging to the nominat subgenus Paruroctonus (Scorpiones, Vaejovidae)","author":"Haradon","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Arachnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0100","first-page":"527","article-title":"Prevalencia de la picadura de alacr\u00e1n en la ciudad de Quer\u00e9taro","volume":"32","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Lomel\u00ed","year":"1994","journal-title":"Rev. M\u00e9d IMSS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0105","first-page":"291","article-title":"Monograf\u00edas para la entomolog\u00eda m\u00e9dica de M\u00e9xico Monograf\u00eda NUM. 2 los escorpiones de M\u00e9xico, Primera Parte Diplocentridae, Chactidae, Vejovida","volume":"2","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1931","journal-title":"An. Inst. Bio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0110","first-page":"321","article-title":"La distribuci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica de los \u201cAlacranes peligrosos\u201d en la Rep\u00fablica Mexicana","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1936","journal-title":"Bol. del Inst. Hig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0115","first-page":"318","article-title":"Nuevas consideraciones acerca de los alacranes de M\u00e9xico","volume":"9","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1938","journal-title":"Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Aut\u00f3n. M\u00e9xico."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0120","first-page":"83","article-title":"Segunda contribuci\u00f3n al conocimiento de los alacranes mexicanos","volume":"10","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1939","journal-title":"An. Inst. Bio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0125","first-page":"1","article-title":"Contribuci\u00f3n al conocimiento de los venenos de los alacranes mexicanos","volume":"2","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1935","journal-title":"Bol. Ins. Higiene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0130","series-title":"Hole-filled Seamless SRTM Data V4","author":"Jarvis","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304094","article-title":"Geographic distribution of scorpion exposures in the United States, 2010\u20132015","volume":"107","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0140","first-page":"659","article-title":"Alacranismo en Guerrero, M\u00e9xico. Tratamiento m\u00e9dico y remedios caseros","volume":"47","author":"Lagunas-Flores","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0145","first-page":"707","article-title":"Picadura por alcr\u00e1n en ni\u00f1os. Estudio de 100 casos","volume":"40","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Medina","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bol. M\u00e9d. Hosp. Infant M\u00e9x."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0150","first-page":"3","article-title":"Escorpionismo en la Rep\u00fablica Mexicana","volume":"21","author":"Mazzotti","year":"1961","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Salubr. Enferm. Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00204-X","article-title":"Clinical symptoms observed in children envenomated by scorpion stings, at the children\u2019s hospital from the State of Morelos, Mexico","volume":"39","author":"Osnaya-Romero","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0160","series-title":"The Biology of Scorpions","author":"Polis","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.21829\/azm.2004.2022340","article-title":"Una nueva especie de alacr\u00e1n del g\u00e9nero Centruroides Marx (1890) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) de la depresi\u00f3n del Balsas, M\u00e9xico","volume":"20","author":"Ponce-Saavedra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Zool\u00f3gica Mex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0170","first-page":"465","article-title":"A new scorpion species of the genus Centruroides (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the state of Jalisco, Mexico","volume":"82","author":"Ponce-Saavedra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Biodivers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0175","first-page":"52","article-title":"Clave para la identificaci\u00f3n de especies de alacranes del g\u00e9nero Centruroides Marx 1890 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) en el Centro Occidente de M\u00e9xico","volume":"15","author":"Ponce-Saavedra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol\u00f3gicas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0180","first-page":"71","article-title":"Evidencias morfol\u00f3gicas y moleculares que validan como especie a Centruroides tecomanus (Scorpiones, Buthidae)","volume":"80","author":"Ponce-Saavedra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Biodivers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0185","first-page":"45","article-title":"Alacranes (Arachnida: Scorpiones) de importancia para la salud p\u00fablica de M\u00e9xico","volume":"2","author":"Ponce-Saavedra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Folia Entomol\u00f3gica Mex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1999.00625.x","article-title":"Scorpion toxins specific for Na+\u2010channels","volume":"264","author":"Possani","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0195","unstructured":"QGIS. Development Team QGIS version 2.14.7-Essen. Available from: http:\/\/www.qgis.org\/ (Accessed March 2018)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0200","first-page":"85","article-title":"Uso del h\u00e1bitat por Centruroides ornatus Pocock 1902 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) en el cerro \u201cEl \u00c1guila\u201d Morelia, Michoac\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico","author":"Quijano-Ravell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Entomol. Mex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0205","article-title":"A new species of scorpion of the genus Centruroides (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from the state of Michoac\u00e1n, Mexico","volume":"87","author":"Quijano-Ravell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Biodivers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0210","first-page":"25","article-title":"A new Centruroides Marx, 1890 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), from southern Guerrero state, Mexico","volume":"39","author":"Quijano-Ravell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Ib\u00e9rica Aracnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2017.08.022","article-title":"Updating knowledge on new medically important scorpion species in Mexico","volume":"138","author":"Ria\u00f1o-Umbarila","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.03.022","article-title":"Current views on scorpion toxins specific for K+-channels","volume":"43","author":"Rodr\u00edguez de la Vega","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.09.006","article-title":"Overview of scorpion toxins specific for Na+ channels and related peptides: biodiversity, structure\u2013function relationships and evolution","volume":"46","author":"Rodr\u00edguez de la Vega","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.07.004","article-title":"Physiological resistance of grasshopper mice (Onychomys spp.) to Arizona bark scorpion (Centruroides exilicauda) venom","volume":"52","author":"Rowe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0235","first-page":"121","article-title":"Distribuci\u00f3n del g\u00e9nero Centruroides (Scorpionida: Buthidae) en el estado de Oaxaca","volume":"1","author":"Salazar Cruz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Agroecosistemas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8010002","article-title":"Scorpions from Mexico: from species diversity to venom complexity","volume":"8","author":"Santib\u00e1\u00f1ez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0245","first-page":"93","article-title":"Scorpions of the Genus Paruroctonus from New Mexico and Texas (Scorpiones, Vaejovidae)","volume":"9","author":"Sissom","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Arachnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0250","first-page":"281","article-title":"Entomological news","volume":"82","author":"Stahnke","year":"1971","journal-title":"Entomol. News"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0255","first-page":"111","article-title":"Entomological news","volume":"88","author":"Stahnke","year":"1977","journal-title":"Entomol. News"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0260","first-page":"3","article-title":"A new species of Centruroides of the \u201cnigrovariatus\u201d group (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from southern Mexico","volume":"26","author":"Teruel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Ib\u00e9rica Aracnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0265","first-page":"7","article-title":"Consideraciones epidemiol\u00f3gicas sobre la picadura por alacr\u00e1n en la ciudad de Durango","volume":"26","author":"Vega-Franco","year":"1966","journal-title":"Rev. Invest. Salud Publica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0270","first-page":"234","article-title":"Alacranismo en Guerrero: un estudio epidemiologico en 20 comunidades","volume":"30","author":"Villegas","year":"1988","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.07.007","article-title":"A global accounting of medically significant scorpions: Epidemiology, major toxins, and comparative resources in harmless counterparts","volume":"151","author":"Ward","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.32.010187.001423","article-title":"Scorpion bionomics","volume":"32","author":"Williams","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol."}],"container-title":["Acta Tropica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001706X18306223?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001706X18306223?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T20:29:52Z","timestamp":1661718592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001706X18306223"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0001706X18306223"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-706X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-706X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"North American scorpion species of public health importance with a reappraisal of historical epidemiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Tropica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.08.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}