{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:30:17Z","timestamp":1780378217590,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T18:35:25Z","timestamp":1649788525000},"page":"103589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The validation of the English Impostor-Profile 30 and the exploratory formulation of the learned helplessness model of the impostor phenomenon"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Fabio","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johann-Christoph","family":"M\u00fcnscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp Yorck","family":"Herzberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.96.2.358","article-title":"Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression","volume":"96","author":"Abramson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0010","article-title":"Grit and sense of coherence as predictors of well-being","volume":"9","author":"Arya","year":"2018","journal-title":"IndianJournal of Positive Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02293875","article-title":"Some contributions to efficient statistics in structural models: Specification and estimation of moment structures","volume":"48","author":"Bentler","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.06.071","article-title":"Validation of the German-language Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (GCIPS)","volume":"102","author":"Brauer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/01926180490425676","article-title":"Parentification and the impostor phenomenon: An empirical investigation","volume":"32","author":"Castro","year":"2004","journal-title":"The American Journal of Family Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6503_6","article-title":"Validation of the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale","volume":"65","author":"Chrisman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2007.01896.x","article-title":"Subtle linguistic cues affect children's motivation","volume":"18","author":"Cimpian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0040","series-title":"The impostor phenomenon: Overcoming the fear that haunts your success","author":"Clance","year":"1985"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1300\/J015V06N03_05","article-title":"The imposter phenomenon: An internal barrier to empowerment and achievement","volume":"6","author":"Clance","year":"1987","journal-title":"Women & Therapy"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-015-0516-7","article-title":"The roles of gender stigma consciousness, impostor phenomenon and academic self-concept in the academic outcomes of women and men","volume":"73","author":"Cokley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Roles"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.1990.9.4.401","article-title":"Exploring the validity of the impostor phenomenon","volume":"9","author":"Cozzarelli","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.36.5.451","article-title":"An analysis of learned helplessness: Continuous changes in performance, strategy, and achievement cognitions following failure","volume":"36","author":"Diener","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/00223890802634290","article-title":"Development and validation of the short grit scale (Grit\u2013S)","volume":"91","author":"Duckworth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.92.6.1087","article-title":"Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals","volume":"92","author":"Duckworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2014.03.226","article-title":"The relation between perfectionism and impostor phenomenon","volume":"127","author":"Dud\u0103u","year":"2014","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077149","article-title":"The role of expectations and attributions in the alleviation of learned helplessness","volume":"31","author":"Dweck","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.41.10.1040","article-title":"Motivational processes affecting learning","volume":"41","author":"Dweck","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0090","series-title":"Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development","author":"Dweck","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0095","series-title":"Mindset: The new psychology of success","author":"Dweck","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691618804166","article-title":"Mindsets: A view from two eras","volume":"14","author":"Dweck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.1.5","article-title":"Goals: An approach to motivation and achievement","volume":"54","author":"Elliott","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016516205827","article-title":"Magical belief and rituals in young children","volume":"33","author":"Evans","year":"2002","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry and Human Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.06.069","article-title":"Effect size guidelines for individual differences researchers","volume":"102","author":"Gignac","year":"2016","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167214565055","article-title":"Reliance on luck: Identifying which achievement goals elicit superstitious behavior","volume":"41","author":"Hamerman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00218.x","article-title":"Validity of adult retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences: Review of the evidence","volume":"45","author":"Hardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(01)00138-3","article-title":"The relationship of thought\u2013action fusion to pathologicial worry and generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"40","author":"Hazlett-Stevens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8309.1994.tb01039.x","article-title":"Gloomy but smarter: The academic consequences of attributional style","volume":"33","author":"Houston","year":"1994","journal-title":"British Journal of Social Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/jasp.12356","article-title":"Revisiting the relationship between attributional style and academic performance: Attributional style and academic performance","volume":"46","author":"Houston","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.720072","article-title":"Examining the impostor-profile\u2014Is there a general impostor characteristic?","volume":"12","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1006\/ceps.1995.1019","article-title":"Achievement orientation and the impostor phenomenon among college students","volume":"20","author":"King","year":"1995","journal-title":"Contemporary Educational Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa5602_10","article-title":"Perceived fraudulence in young adults: Is there an \u2019Imposter Syndrome\u2019?","volume":"56","author":"Kolligian","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.05.014","article-title":"Imposters have goals too: The imposter phenomenon and its relationship to achievement goal theory","volume":"40","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.20.4.628","article-title":"Determinants of academic achievement: The interaction of children's achievement orientations with skill area","volume":"20","author":"Licht","year":"1984","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.3200\/JRLP.143.3.318-336","article-title":"A Two-Factor Model of Defensive Pessimism and Its Relations With Achievement Motives","volume":"143","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.95.3.617","article-title":"Self-handicapping, defensive pessimism, and goal orientation: A qualitative study of university students","volume":"95","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1994.9712721","article-title":"Using multiple risk factors to assess the behavioral, cognitive, and affective effects of learned helplessness","volume":"128","author":"McKean","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12101","article-title":"Children's naive theories of intelligence influence their metacognitive judgments","volume":"84","author":"Miele","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(76)90039-5","article-title":"Learned helplessness, depression and the perception of reinforcement","volume":"14","author":"Miller","year":"1976","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.7563\/SSD_02_02_01","article-title":"The impact of attributions on academic performance; a test of the reformulated learned helplessness model","volume":"2","author":"Morris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Social Sciences Directory"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.75.1.33","article-title":"Praise for intelligence can undermine children's motivation and performance","volume":"75","author":"Mueller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1348\/014466503321903616","article-title":"Thought-action fusion and schizotypy in undergraduate students","volume":"42","author":"Muris","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newideapsych.2021.100895","article-title":"The legacies of systemic and internalized oppression: Experiences of microaggressions, imposter phenomenon, and stereotype threat on historically marginalized groups","volume":"63","author":"Nadal","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Ideas in Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.2.435","article-title":"Learned helplessness in children: A longitudinal study of depression, achievement, and explanatory style","volume":"51","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0230","series-title":"Optimism & pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice","first-page":"77","article-title":"Defensive pessimism, optimism, and pessimism","author":"Norem","year":"2001"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1208","article-title":"Defensive pessimism: Harnessing anxiety as motivation","volume":"51","author":"Norem","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173471","article-title":"Anticipatory and post hoc cushioning strategies: Optimism and defensive pessimism in ?risky? situations","volume":"10","author":"Norem","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031840","article-title":"Mothers' daily person and process praise: Implications for children's theory of intelligence and motivation","volume":"49","author":"Pomerantz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-198801000-00003","article-title":"Development of a measure of learned helplessness","volume":"37","author":"Quinless","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nursing Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(93)90066-4","article-title":"Obsessions, responsibility and guilt","volume":"31","author":"Rachman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0270","author":"Rosseel"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0275","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures","volume":"8","author":"Schermelleh-Engel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Methods of Psychological Research Online"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759\/a000407","article-title":"Measuring grit: A German validation and a domain-specific approach to grit","volume":"35","author":"Schmidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2004.04.002","article-title":"Thought-action fusion: A review","volume":"35","author":"Shafran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(96)00018-7","article-title":"Thought-action fusion in obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"10","author":"Shafran","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2001.88.3.679","article-title":"Correlates of the impostor phenomenon among undergraduate entrepreneurs","volume":"88","author":"Sightler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(00)00184-7","article-title":"The impostor phenomenon in British university students: Relationships between self-esteem, mental health, parental rearing style and socioeconomic status","volume":"31","author":"Sonnak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/0013191940460304","article-title":"Self-worth protection: Review and implications for the classroom","volume":"46","author":"Thompson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Educational Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/00049539308259116","article-title":"Attributions for academic failure and subsequent performance","volume":"45","author":"Tiggemann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s10869-014-9382-5","article-title":"Fear of being exposed: The trait-relatedness of the impostor phenomenon and its relevance in the work context","volume":"30","author":"Vergauwe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Business and Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.5801.eac4","article-title":"Impostor syndrome and burnout among American medical students: A pilot study","volume":"7","author":"Villwock","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.10.005","article-title":"Imposter phenomenon and self-handicapping: Links with parenting styles and self-confidence","volume":"40","author":"Want","year":"2006","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.109789","article-title":"Does self-esteem mediate the association between parenting styles and imposter feelings among female education students?","volume":"156","author":"Yaffe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110598","article-title":"Students' recollections of parenting styles and impostor phenomenon: The mediating role of social anxiety","volume":"172","author":"Yaffe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"7774","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1466-y","article-title":"A national experiment reveals where a growth mindset improves achievement","volume":"573","author":"Yeager","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00405","article-title":"\u201cOvercoming the fear that haunts your success\u201d \u2013 The effectiveness of interventions for reducing the impostor phenomenon","volume":"11","author":"Zanchetta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797617721529","article-title":"Praising young children for being smart promotes cheating","volume":"28","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02007","article-title":"From growth mindset to grit in Chinese schools: The mediating roles of learning motivations","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691822001044?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691822001044?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:58Z","timestamp":1757548858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691822001044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0001691822001044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The validation of the English Impostor-Profile 30 and the exploratory formulation of the learned helplessness model of the impostor phenomenon","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103589","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103589"}}