{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T12:22:56Z","timestamp":1778674976160,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T04:46:03Z","timestamp":1682311563000},"page":"103924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Stigmatization, panic disorder, and death anxiety among patients of Covid-19: Fourth wave of pandemic in Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Imran","family":"Afzal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samrah","family":"Jamshaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naparut","family":"Lo-ngoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Olorundare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mujahid","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rizwana","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romana","family":"Younas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumaira","family":"Naz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.58256\/rjass.v1i.107","article-title":"COVID-19 lockdown: A review of an alternative to the traditional approach to research","volume":"1","author":"Adom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Research Journal in Advanced Social Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1724000","article-title":"Are we ready for the new fatal coronavirus: Scenario of Pakistan?","volume":"16","author":"Ahmad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17082821","article-title":"Fear and practice modifications among dentists to combat novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak","volume":"17","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"COVID19-S4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2704","article-title":"Knowledge, awareness and practice of health care professionals amid SARS-CoV-2, corona virus disease outbreak","volume":"36","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247679","article-title":"Anxiety, depression, stress, fear and social support during COVID-19 pandemic among jordanian healthcare workers","volume":"16","author":"Alnazly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plos one"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.02.006","article-title":"Perceived stigma among individuals with common mental disorders","volume":"118","author":"Alonso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.32413\/pjph.v10i2.601","article-title":"Evaluation of knowledge, practices, attitude, and anxiety of nurses towards COVID-19 during the current outbreak in Karachi, Pakistan","volume":"10","author":"Alwani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02864-x","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic-knowledge, perception, anxiety and depression among frontline doctors of Pakistan","volume":"20","author":"Amin","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10228","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30567-5","article-title":"How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?","volume":"395","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2003.00150.x","article-title":"The stigma of mental illness: Effects of labelling on public attitudes towards people with mental disorder","volume":"108","author":"Angermeyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1163\/25897128-12340003","article-title":"Terror management theory: A practical review of research and application","volume":"2","author":"Arrowood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brill Research Perspectives in Religion and Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000198200.20936.03","article-title":"The stigma receptivity scale and its association with mental health service use among bereaved older adults","volume":"194","author":"Bambauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"10229","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30673-5","article-title":"COVID-19: Towards controlling of a pandemic","volume":"395","author":"Bedford","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0070","first-page":"446","article-title":"Relationship between styles of attachment to god and death anxiety resilience in the elderly","volume":"12","author":"Bitarafan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000205","article-title":"Posttraumatic safety behaviors: Characteristics and associations with symptom severity in two samples","volume":"26","author":"Blakey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Traumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0080","first-page":"1","article-title":"From SARS to 2019-Coronavirus (NCOV): US-China collaborations on pandemic response","volume":"29","author":"Bouey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Politics and Economics of Northern and Western Asia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2021.1876893","article-title":"Anxiety levels in patients admitted to the emergency department with myocardial infarction or COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"27","author":"\u00c7a\u011flar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychology, Health & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb5005","series-title":"Interim additional guidance for infection prevention and control recommendations for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in outpatient hemodialysis facilities","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.7827\/TurkishStudies.45988","article-title":"Determination of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of academic staff towards COVID-19","volume":"15","author":"Ceyhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turkish Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1080\/15332985.2013.775998","article-title":"Mental health provider-based stigma: Understanding the experience of clients and families","volume":"11","author":"Charles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Social Work in Mental Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/56.4.317","article-title":"Mental health stigma about serious mental illness among MSW students: Social contact and attitude","volume":"56","author":"Covarrubias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Social Work"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1037\/sah0000255","article-title":"Anticipated stigma, stereotypes, and COVID-19 testing","volume":"5","author":"Earnshaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stigma and Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.12.037","article-title":"Association between virus exposure and depression in US adults","volume":"261","author":"Gale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0115","series-title":"Prevalence, new incidence, course, and risk factors of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and panic disorder during the Covid-19 pandemic in 11 countries. Paper presented at the Healthcare","author":"Georgieva","year":"2021"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020935922","article-title":"COVID-19, India, lockdown and psychosocial challenges: What next?","volume":"66","author":"Golechha","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0125","series-title":"Handbook of theories of social psychology","first-page":"398","article-title":"Terror management theory","volume":"1","author":"Greenberg","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-9564-5_10","article-title":"The causes and consequences of a need for self-esteem: A terror management theory","author":"Greenberg","year":"1986","journal-title":"Public Self and Private Self"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.58.2.308","article-title":"Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldview","volume":"58","author":"Greenberg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0140","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stigma toward people with COVID-19 among the lebanese population: A cross-sectional study of correlates and mediating effects","volume":"9","author":"Haddad","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.24869\/psyd.2020.32","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic and impending global mental health implications","volume":"32","author":"Hamza Shuja","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatria Danubina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0150","series-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","first-page":"20","article-title":"Mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis","volume":"1","author":"Hayes","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-044134","article-title":"Addressing the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: Learning from a systematic review of early interventions for frontline responders","volume":"11","author":"Hooper","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0160","series-title":"Infodemiological study on COVID-19 epidemic and COVID-19 infodemic","author":"Hu","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0165","first-page":"5","article-title":"The mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety","volume":"4","author":"Kavakl\u0131","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01893","article-title":"Effects of mortality salience on physiological arousal","volume":"10","author":"Klackl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(19)30012-3","article-title":"A chronological map of 308 physical and mental health conditions from 4 million individuals in the English national health service","volume":"1","author":"Kuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet Digital Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110606","article-title":"Mediating role of life satisfaction and death anxiety in the relationship between dark triad and social media addiction","volume":"172","author":"Kumpaso\u011flu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03540-4","article-title":"Stigmatization and psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on frontline healthcare workers in Nigeria: A qualitative study","volume":"21","author":"Kwaghe","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.45120","article-title":"Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0195","series-title":"Using behavioural science to help fight the coronavirus","author":"Lunn","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3 Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0200","article-title":"Covid-19 pandemic-knowledge, perception, anxiety and depression among frontline healthcare workers of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, Pakistan","volume":"34","author":"Malik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10873-y","article-title":"Fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among pakistani doctors: A survey study","volume":"21","author":"Malik","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.26719\/2021.27.4.319","article-title":"Research on health priorities: A regional agenda and its implementation in Jordan and Pakistan","volume":"27","author":"Mandil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.09.008","article-title":"Associations of obesity with psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviors in a nationally representative sample","volume":"66","author":"Mather","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S1754470X20000215","article-title":"Death anxiety in the time of COVID-19: Theoretical explanations and clinical implications","volume":"13","author":"Menzies","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/s12529-012-9243-4","article-title":"The stigma scale for chronic illnesses 8-item version (SSCI-8): Development, validation and use across neurological conditions","volume":"20","author":"Molina","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb5000","series-title":"Update on novel coronavirus epidemic situation at 24 :00 on March 13","author":"NHCC","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0230","series-title":"Suicide research, prevention, and COVID-19","author":"Niederkrotenthaler","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0235","series-title":"Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak","author":"Organization","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1556-6678.2008.tb00491.x","article-title":"The stigma of mental illness","volume":"86","author":"Overton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling & Development"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3882","article-title":"From containment to mitigation of COVID-19 in the US","volume":"323","author":"Parodi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0250","first-page":"501","article-title":"The relationship of fear of death between neuroticism and anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic","author":"P\u00e9rez-Mengual","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1002.030750","article-title":"Fear and stigma: The epidemic within the SARS outbreak","volume":"10","author":"Person","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2020.1833384","article-title":"Fear of death in the shadow of COVID-19: The mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between neuroticism and death anxiety","volume":"46","author":"Pradhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Death Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/0022167820959488","article-title":"Terror management theory and the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"61","author":"Pyszczynski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Humanistic Psychology"},{"issue":"10273","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00183-5","article-title":"Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite high seroprevalence","volume":"397","author":"Sabino","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22459","article-title":"Initial and follow-up evaluations of integrated psychological services for anxiety and depression in a safety net primary care clinic","volume":"73","author":"Sadock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0280","series-title":"The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in the general population","author":"Serafini","year":"2020"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.11.1571","article-title":"Multicenter collaborative panic disorder severity scale","volume":"154","author":"Shear","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-016-0741-y","article-title":"The role of fear-related behaviors in the 2013\u20132016 West Africa ebola virus disease outbreak","volume":"18","author":"Shultz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.16899\/jcm.878671","article-title":"The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on health anxiety, death anxiety and somatic symptoms in university students","volume":"11","author":"S\u00f6\u011f\u00fctl\u00fc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Contemporary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0300","series-title":"Advances in experimental social psychology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2601(08)60328-7","article-title":"A terror management theory of social behavior: The psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews","volume":"Vol. 24","author":"Solomon","year":"1991"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.14746\/sr.2020.4.2.03","article-title":"Coronavirus COVID-19 disease, mental health and psychosocial support","volume":"4","author":"Stankovska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Society Register"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167207303018","article-title":"Terror mismanagement: Evidence that mortality salience exacerbates phobic and compulsive behaviors","volume":"33","author":"Strachan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020462","article-title":"Estimation of the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV and its implication for public health interventions","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102289","article-title":"Fear and avoidance of healthcare workers: An important, under-recognized form of stigmatization during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"75","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.5175\/JSWE.2012.201000079","article-title":"Attitudes about mental illness and professional danger among new social work students","volume":"48","author":"Theriot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Social Work Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759.21.2.108","article-title":"Construction and validation of the death anxiety inventory (DAI)","volume":"21","author":"Tom\u00e1s-S\u00e1bado","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4869","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27957","article-title":"Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan during the fourth wave of pandemic","volume":"94","author":"Umair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"issue":"COVID19-S4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2643","article-title":"Expectations, fears and perceptions of doctors during Covid-19 pandemic","volume":"36","author":"Urooj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/13548500600595160","article-title":"Measuring health-related stigma\u2014A literature review","volume":"11","author":"Van Brakel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology, Health & Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25748","article-title":"Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures","volume":"92","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1159\/000348582","article-title":"Symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Phenomenology and treatment outcomes with exposure and ritual prevention","volume":"46","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30046-8","article-title":"Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed","volume":"7","author":"Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102434","article-title":"The deadly coronaviruses: The 2003 SARS pandemic and the 2020 novel coronavirus epidemic in China","volume":"109","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0380","article-title":"Generalized anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms among pakistani population during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A regression analysis","volume":"105","author":"Yasmin","year":"2021","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.18394\/iid.41167","article-title":"Deh\u015fet Y\u00f6netimi Kuram\u0131 ve \u0130\u015f Ya\u015fam\u0131","volume":"3","author":"Yeni\u00e7eri","year":"2016","journal-title":"\u0130\u015f ve \u0130nsan Dergisi"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691823001002?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691823001002?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:01:51Z","timestamp":1757548911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691823001002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S0001691823001002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Stigmatization, panic disorder, and death anxiety among patients of Covid-19: Fourth wave of pandemic in Pakistan","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2023.103924","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103924"}}