{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T02:19:58Z","timestamp":1773109198741,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003753","name":"MacEwan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T08:23:46Z","timestamp":1707985426000},"page":"104179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["COVID-19 anxiety and its relation to anxiety-related disorder symptoms and mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"244","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1335-6746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Layton J.","family":"Byam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6071-9285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander M.","family":"Penney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-020-00270-8","article-title":"The fear of COVID-19 scale: Development and initial validation","volume":"20","author":"Ahorsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2012.10.009","article-title":"The short health anxiety inventory: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Alberts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2639","article-title":"The COVID-19 anxiety syndrome and selective attentional bias towards COVID-19-related stimuli in UK residents during the 2020\u20132021 pandemic","volume":"28","author":"Albery","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0020","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110108","article-title":"The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S)","volume":"164","author":"Arpaci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb3000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102271","article-title":"Do pre-existing anxiety-related and mood disorders differentially impact COVID-19 stress responses and coping?","volume":"74","author":"Asmundson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2022.102554","article-title":"How does COVID stress vary across the anxiety-related disorders? Assessing factorial invariance and changes in COVID stress scale scores during the pandemic","author":"Asmundson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10942-021-00429-9","article-title":"The combined contribution of fear and perceived danger of COVID-19 and metacognitions to anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"40","author":"Ayd\u0131n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.11.035","article-title":"Development and initial validation of a measure of metacognitive beliefs in health anxiety: The MCQ-HA","volume":"230","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.01.002","article-title":"Is metacognition a causal moderator of the relationship between catastrophic misinterpretation and health anxiety? A prospective study","volume":"78","author":"Bailey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-020-00331-y","article-title":"Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress","volume":"19","author":"Bakio\u011flu","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2013.03.006","article-title":"Anxiety sensitivity and interoceptive exposure: A transdiagnostic construct and change strategy","volume":"44","author":"Boswell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41118-021-00135-5","article-title":"Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on university students\u2019 anxiety disorder in Italy","volume":"77","author":"Busetta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2016.02.007","article-title":"Into the unknown: A review and synthesis of contemporary models involving uncertainty","volume":"39","author":"Carleton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.581314","article-title":"On the nature of fear and anxiety triggered by COVID-19","volume":"11","author":"Coelho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.07.032","article-title":"Predicting PTSS in general population during COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of health anxiety","volume":"294","author":"Coloma-Carmona","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1780-5","article-title":"The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the metacognitions about health questionnaire in college students","volume":"27","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.03.008","article-title":"Specificity of disgust sensitivity in the prediction of behavioral avoidance in contamination fear","volume":"45","author":"Deacon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1007\/s10942-022-00479-7","article-title":"Generalized anxiety disorder: Does the emotion dysregulation model predict symptoms beyond the metacognitive model?","volume":"41","author":"Deleurme","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive Behavior Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1891\/jcop.19.1.61.66326","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioral treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: Current status and future directions","volume":"19","author":"Dugas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.3.576","article-title":"Effect of violation of normality on the t test of the correlation coefficient","volume":"95","author":"Edgell","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.02.009","article-title":"The disgust propensity and sensitivity scale\u2013revised: An examination of a reduced-item version","volume":"23","author":"Fergus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485","article-title":"The obsessive-compulsive inventory: Development and validation of a short version","volume":"14","author":"Foa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23037","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 in the diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"37","author":"Fontenelle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0115","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid scoping review","author":"Grant","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2016.09.002","article-title":"Metacognitions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A psychometric study of the metacognitions Questionnaire-30","volume":"11","author":"Gr\u00f8tte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.08.002","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the OCI-R in a college sample","volume":"42","author":"Hajcak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0130","first-page":"580","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the patient health questionnaire\u201315 (PHQ\u201315) for measuring the somatic symptoms of psychiatric outpatients","volume":"50","author":"Han","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0135","article-title":"The mediating effect of the cyberchondria and anxiety sensitivity in the association between problematic internet use, metacognition beliefs, and fear of COVID-19 among Iranian online population","volume":"6","author":"Hashemi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.2.184","article-title":"The permutation test is not distribution-free: Testing H\u2080: \u03c1=0","volume":"1","author":"Hayes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0145","series-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10049","article-title":"Reliability of the self-report version of the panic disorder severity scale","volume":"15","author":"Houck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102239","article-title":"Health anxiety, cyberchondria, and coping in the current COVID-19 pandemic: Which factors are related to coronavirus anxiety?","volume":"73","author":"Jungmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2020.100615","article-title":"The Persian COVID stress scales (Persian-CSS) and COVID-19-related stress reactions in patients with obsessive-compulsive and anxiety disorders","volume":"28","author":"Khosravani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2020.1853805","article-title":"Anxiety, depression, and health anxiety in undergraduate students living in initial US outbreak \u201chotspot\u201d during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"50","author":"Kibbey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-018-0936-5","article-title":"Disgust in anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders: Recent findings and future directions","volume":"20","author":"Knowles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102323","article-title":"Anxiety and safety behavior usage during the COVID-19 pandemic: The prospective role of contamination fear","volume":"77","author":"Knowles","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200203000-00008","article-title":"The PHQ-15: Validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms","volume":"64","author":"Kroenke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2020.1748481","article-title":"Coronavirus anxiety scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Death Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318160d093","article-title":"Validation and standardization of the generalized anxiety disorder screener (GAD-7) in the general population","volume":"44","author":"L\u00f6we","year":"2008","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)10031-6","article-title":"Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety","volume":"36","author":"Mattick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102233","article-title":"Anxiety regarding contracting COVID-19 related to interoceptive anxiety sensations: The moderating role of disgust propensity and sensitivity","volume":"73","author":"McKay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102415","article-title":"The latent and item structure of COVID-19 fear: A comparison of four COVID-19 fear questionnaires using SEM and network analyses","volume":"81","author":"Mertens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102258","article-title":"Fear of the coronavirus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March 2020","volume":"74","author":"Mertens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.114021","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"302","author":"Me\u0219terelu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0215","first-page":"78","article-title":"Covid stress predicts depression, anxiety and stress symptoms of Filipino respondents","volume":"9","author":"Montano","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0220","series-title":"The personality assessment inventory professional manual","author":"Morey","year":"1991"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177109","article-title":"Testing the metacognitive model against the benchmark CBT model of social anxiety disorder: Is it time to move beyond cognition?","volume":"12","author":"Nordahl","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102460","article-title":"Predicting COVID-19-related anxiety: The role of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions, anxiety sensitivity, and body vigilance","volume":"83","author":"Ojalehto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.12.005","article-title":"The disgust propensity and sensitivity scale-revised: Psychometric properties and specificity in relation to anxiety disorder symptoms","volume":"21","author":"Olatunji","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2006.03.004","article-title":"Multimodal assessment of disgust in contamination-related obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"45","author":"Olatunji","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023067302227","article-title":"The social phobia and social interaction anxiety scales: Evaluation of psychometric properties","volume":"20","author":"Osman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2021.1877339","article-title":"Effects of anxiety sensitivity, disgust, and intolerance of uncertainty on the COVID stress syndrome: A longitudinal assessment of transdiagnostic constructs and the behavioural immune system","volume":"50","author":"Paluszek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0255","article-title":"A systematic review of questionnaires assessing the psychological impact of COVID-19","volume":"305","author":"Panteleimon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/2043808720970072","article-title":"Differentiating the roles of intolerance of uncertainty and negative beliefs about worry across emotional disorders","volume":"11","author":"Penney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2020-1235","article-title":"COVID-19 and panic disorder: Clinical considerations for the most physical of mental disorders","volume":"43","author":"Perna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-020-00356-3","article-title":"Validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in a US college sample","volume":"20","author":"Perz","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(86)90143-9","article-title":"Anxiety sensitivity, anxiety frequency and the prediction of fearfulness","volume":"24","author":"Reiss","year":"1986","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0280","series-title":"Handbook of emotions","first-page":"637","article-title":"Disgust","author":"Rozin","year":"2000"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2021.1929936","article-title":"Effects of mask-wearing on social anxiety: An exploratory review","volume":"34","author":"Saint","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress, & Coping"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702005822","article-title":"The health anxiety inventory: Development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis","volume":"32","author":"Salkovskis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0295","first-page":"1","article-title":"Intolerance of uncertainty and mental wellbeing: Serial mediation by rumination and fear of COVID-19","volume":"15","author":"Satici","year":"2020","journal-title":"International -Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0305","series-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"Tabachnick","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0310","series-title":"The psychology of pandemics: Preparing for the next global outbreak of infectious disease","author":"Taylor","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0315","series-title":"Treating health anxiety: A cognitive-behavioral approach","author":"Taylor","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102232","article-title":"Development and initial validation of the COVID stress scales","volume":"72","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.19.2.176","article-title":"Robust dimensions of anxiety sensitivity: Development and initial validation of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3","volume":"19","author":"Taylor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2015.01.006","article-title":"Developing scales measuring disorder-specific intolerance of uncertainty (DSIU): A new perspective on transdiagnostic","volume":"31","author":"Thibodeau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113098","article-title":"Psychological outcomes associated with stay-at-home orders and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life","volume":"289","author":"Tull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2020.0167","article-title":"Psychological predictors of anxious responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Pakistan","volume":"17","author":"Waqas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investigation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2021.1874505","article-title":"Anxiety sensitivity, COVID-19 fear, and mental health: Results from a United States population sample","volume":"50","author":"Warren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00147-5","article-title":"A short form of the metacognitions questionnaire: Properties of the MCQ-30","volume":"42","author":"Wells","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2012.01.002","article-title":"Dimensions of anxiety sensitivity in the anxiety disorders: Evaluation of the ASI-3","volume":"26","author":"Wheaton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2020.100605","article-title":"Intolerance of uncertainty as a factor linking obsessive-compulsive symptoms, health anxiety and concerns about the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United States","volume":"28","author":"Wheaton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0365","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2016.04.011","article-title":"Intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety sensitivity, health anxiety, and anxiety disorder symptoms in youth","volume":"41","author":"Wright","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104141","article-title":"Interoceptive anxiety-related processes: Importance for understanding COVID-19 and future pandemic mental health and addictive behaviors and their comorbidity","volume":"156","author":"Zvolensky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691824000568?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691824000568?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:06:47Z","timestamp":1757549207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691824000568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["S0001691824000568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"COVID-19 anxiety and its relation to anxiety-related disorder symptoms and mechanisms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104179","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104179"}}