{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:47:49Z","timestamp":1780584469640,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007700","name":"Universitatea de Medicin\u0103 \u015fi Farmacie \"Carol Davila\" Bucure\u015fti","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T11:45:34Z","timestamp":1758109534000},"page":"105541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["When dark triad rules the moral: How empathy mediates idealism and relativism- a latent profile and pathway analysis in medical training"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"260","author":[{"given":"Claudiu G.","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Memu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Licu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00454","article-title":"What is the emotional core of the multidimensional Machiavellian personality trait?","volume":"4","author":"Al A\u00efn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1177\/2631309X221120002","article-title":"The dark triad of personality: Attitudes and beliefs towards white-collar crime","volume":"5","author":"Amos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of White Collar and Corporate Crime"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-1964-5","article-title":"Revisiting the trajectory of medical students\u2019 empathy, and impact of gender, specialty preferences and nationality: A systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Andersen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23779608211017798","article-title":"Moral resilience in nursing education: Exploring undergraduate nursing students perceptions of resilience in relation to ethical ideology","volume":"7","author":"Arries-Kleyenst\u00fcber","year":"2021","journal-title":"SAGE Open Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238141","article-title":"Academic dishonesty among university students: The roles of the psychopathy, motivation, and self-efficacy","volume":"15","author":"Baran","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2011.05.010","article-title":"The mismeasure of morals: Antisocial personality traits predict utilitarian responses to moral dilemmas","volume":"121","author":"Bartels","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.151135","article-title":"Mirror mirror on the ward, who\u2019s the most narcissistic of them all? Pathologic personality traits in health care","volume":"187","author":"Bucknall","year":"2015","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e32842","article-title":"Dark triad traits, study and power motives among medical students-a cross-sectional study at a German medical faculty","volume":"10","author":"Bujok","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0045","first-page":"136","article-title":"The dark triad personality: At what age does it peak?","volume":"82","author":"Carter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05448-5","article-title":"The impact of empathy on medical students: An integrative review","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.3390\/ejihpe13080106","article-title":"Attitude of Romanian medical students and doctors toward business ethics: Analyzing the influence of sex, age, and ethics education","volume":"13","author":"Constantin","year":"2023","journal-title":"European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.4.1.5","article-title":"Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO personality inventory","volume":"4","author":"Costa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00165","article-title":"Using confidence interval-based estimation of relevance to select social-cognitive determinants for behavior change interventions","volume":"5","author":"Crutzen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb1015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010701417165","article-title":"Measuring ethical ideology in business ethics: A critical analysis of the ethics position questionnaire","volume":"32","author":"Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Business Ethics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691614545130","article-title":"Friends or foes: Is empathy necessary for moral behavior?","volume":"9","author":"Decety","year":"2014","journal-title":"Perspectives on psychological science: a journal of the Association for Psychological Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582304267187","article-title":"The functional architecture of human empathy","volume":"3","author":"Decety","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb1000","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5TM","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2022.2052303","article-title":"Test-retest reliability and construct validity of the brief dark triad measurements","volume":"105","author":"Dragostinov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0085","first-page":"2642","article-title":"Cognitive empathy and the dark triad: A literature review","volume":"13","author":"Duradoni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0090","series-title":"The social neuroscience of empathy","first-page":"71","article-title":"Empathic responding: Sympathy and personal distress","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0095","article-title":"Relationship between empathy and motivation in undergraduate medical students","volume":"37","author":"Findyartini","year":"2020","journal-title":"GMS Journal for Medical Education; 37(4):Doc43"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.1.175","article-title":"A taxonomy of ethical ideologies","volume":"39","author":"Forsyth","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244015615167","article-title":"The dark side of the affective profiles: Differences and similarities in psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism","volume":"5","author":"Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"SAGE Open"},{"issue":"6033","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1197754","article-title":"Differences between tight and loose cultures: A 33-nation study [published correction appears in science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):937]","volume":"332","author":"Gelfand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.30849\/rip\/ijp.v50i3.126","article-title":"Assessing the dark side of personality: Psychometric evidences of the dark triad dirty dozen","volume":"50","author":"Gouveia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Revista Interamericana De Psicolog\u00eda\/Interamerican Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00095","article-title":"Empathy at the heart of darkness: Empathy deficits that bind the dark triad and those that mediate indirect relational aggression","volume":"10","author":"Heym","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110172","article-title":"The dark empath: Characterising dark traits in the presence of empathy","volume":"169","author":"Heym","year":"2021","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s44250-023-00020-2","article-title":"Clinical empathy: Definition, measurement, correlates, group differences, erosion, enhancement, and healthcare outcomes","volume":"2","author":"Hojat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Discover Health Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-024-02046-4","article-title":"Personal values clusters and their associations to social media behaviors and psychological well-being","volume":"12","author":"Ionescu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2023.2224873","article-title":"Analyzing the factor structure of the Toronto empathy questionnaire: Dimensionality, reliability, validity, measurement invariance and one-year stability of the German version","volume":"106","author":"Janelt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1177\/147470491201000303","article-title":"What have you done for me lately? Friendship-selection in the shadow of the dark triad traits","volume":"10","author":"Jonason","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evol Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2013.04.027","article-title":"The emotional deficits associated with the dark triad traits: Cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and alexithymia","volume":"55","author":"Jonason","year":"2013","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019265","article-title":"The dirty dozen: A concise measure of the dark triad","volume":"22","author":"Jonason","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191113514105","article-title":"Introducing the short dark triad (SD3): A brief measure of dark personality traits","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"2014","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"1982","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0165","first-page":"272","article-title":"Pathways to well-being: Untangling the causal relationships among biopsychosocial variables","author":"Karunamuni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0170","first-page":"e40041","article-title":"Evolving scope of clinical empathy in the current era of medical practice","volume":"15","author":"Kesavadev","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0175","article-title":"Impact of ethical ideologies on students\u2019 attitude toward animals\u2014A Pakistani perspective","volume":"13","author":"Khalid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci6020062","article-title":"The Toronto empathy questionnaire: Reliability and validity in a Nationwide sample of Greek teachers","volume":"6","author":"Kourmousi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Social Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(03)00118-1","article-title":"A contemplated revision of the NEO five-factor inventory","volume":"36","author":"McCrae","year":"2004","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.74.1.192","article-title":"Machiavellianism and psychopathy","volume":"74","author":"McHoskey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0195","article-title":"A systematic review of educational interventions and their impact on empathy and compassion of undergraduate medical students","volume":"8","author":"Menezes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1452516","article-title":"Developing empathy in healthcare professions students: Protocol of a mixed-methods non-controlled longitudinal intervention study","volume":"11","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691616666070","article-title":"The malevolent side of human nature: A meta-analysis and critical review of the literature on the dark triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy)","volume":"12","author":"Muris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.135.1.22","article-title":"Ethical aspects of clinical practice","volume":"135","author":"Nandi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251989","article-title":"Individual differences in ethics positions: The EPQ-5","volume":"16","author":"O\u2019Boyle","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0220","first-page":"42","article-title":"An analysis of the relationship between medical faculty students\u2019 personality traits, ethical and academic ethical values","volume":"15","author":"Okka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Social Studies Education Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215675","article-title":"Medical students\u2019 empathy and attitudes towards professionalism: Relationship with personality, specialty preference and medical programme","volume":"14","author":"O\u2019Tuathaigh","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-6566(02)00505-6","article-title":"The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy","volume":"36","author":"Paulhus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-018-1335-7","article-title":"Influences on students\u2019 empathy in medical education: An exploratory interview study with medical students in their third and last year","volume":"18","author":"Pohontsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.5964\/ejop.v14i1.1355","article-title":"Guilt and proneness to shame: Unethical behaviour in vulnerable and grandiose narcissism","volume":"14","author":"Poless","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europe\u2019s Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01290","article-title":"The relationship between the dark triad personality traits, motivation at work, and burnout among HR recruitment workers","volume":"10","author":"Prusik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215123","article-title":"When do narcissists burn out? The bright and dark side of narcissism in surgeons","volume":"19","author":"Rana","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1177\/2374373517699267","article-title":"The science of empathy","volume":"4","author":"Riess","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Patient Experience"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2063-z","article-title":"Empathy training for resident physicians: A randomized controlled trial of a neuroscience-informed curriculum","volume":"27","author":"Riess","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0265","series-title":"acci\u00f3n Psicol\u00f3gica","first-page":"43","volume":"13","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191120922611","article-title":"Structure of dark triad dirty dozen across eight world regions","volume":"28","author":"Rogoza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S165797","article-title":"Profiling undergraduate students from a Romanian medical university","volume":"14","author":"Romosan","year":"2018","journal-title":"NDT"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.00978","article-title":"TidyLPA: An R package to easily carry out latent profile analysis (LPA) using open-source or commercial software","volume":"3","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Open Source Software"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.31820\/pt.27.3.11","article-title":"The effects of dark triad personality traits and emotional empathy on moral judgment","volume":"27","author":"Ro\u017ei\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psihologijske Teme"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0290","series-title":"Dark Triad Personalities and Moral Decision Making: An Occupational Perspective","author":"Sarabi-Jamab","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1546917","article-title":"Cold hearts and dark minds: A systematic review and meta-analysis of empathy across dark triad personalities","volume":"16","author":"Shukla","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/00223890802484381","article-title":"The Toronto empathy questionnaire","volume":"91","author":"Spreng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302644","article-title":"Grandiose narcissism associates with higher cognitive performance under stress through more efficient attention distribution: An eye-tracking study","volume":"19","author":"Stefanova","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2013.824781","article-title":"\u201cStatistical Power to Detect the Correct Number of Classes in Latent Profile Analysis.\u201d","volume":"20","author":"Tein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling : A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1177\/09697330231161685","article-title":"Ethics positions of nursing students in clinical decision-making","volume":"30","author":"Turan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nursing Ethics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182412871","article-title":"Validation of the Romanian version of the Toronto empathy questionnaire (TEQ) among undergraduate medical students","volume":"18","author":"Ursoniu","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S370402","article-title":"Machiavellian medical students report more academic misconduct: A cocktail fuelled by psychological and contextual factors","volume":"15","author":"Ver\u00edssimo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277474","article-title":"Empathy as a silent art\u2013a doctor\u2019s daily balancing act: A qualitative study of senior doctors\u2019 experiences of empathy","volume":"17","author":"von Knorring","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027127","article-title":"Model selection and psychological theory: A discussion of the differences between the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC)","volume":"17","author":"Vrieze","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2012.01.008","article-title":"The affective and cognitive empathic nature of the dark triad of personality","volume":"52","author":"Wai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4803_12","article-title":"Narcissism and empathy: Validity evidence for the narcissistic personality inventory","volume":"48","author":"Watson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03312-y","article-title":"The development of empathy in the healthcare setting: A qualitative approach","volume":"22","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02212","article-title":"A dual route model of empathy: A neurobiological prospective","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239707","article-title":"The effects of idealism and relativism on the moral judgement of social vs. environmental issues, and their relation to self-reported pro-environmental behaviours","volume":"15","author":"Zaikauskaite","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2023.112381","article-title":"Happiness is associated with higher narcissism but lower psychopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between happiness and the dark triad","volume":"215","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-02701-0","article-title":"Relationship between empathy and burnout as well as potential affecting and mediating factors from the perspective of clinical nurses: A systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nursing"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691825008546?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691825008546?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T09:39:43Z","timestamp":1770889183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691825008546"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S0001691825008546"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"When dark triad rules the moral: How empathy mediates idealism and relativism- a latent profile and pathway analysis in medical training","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105541","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105541"}}