{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:12:41Z","timestamp":1789189961438,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T15:07:53Z","timestamp":1759763273000},"page":"105690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Internet Gaming Disorder: Prevalence and associated factors among university students"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"260","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6352-5275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Fraiwan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidaa","family":"Almomani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-023-01437-3","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the problematic online gaming questionnaire (POGQ) in a moroccan sample of university students","volume":"11","author":"Abbouyi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b2","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2016.1227716","article-title":"Internet use and problematic internet use: a systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood","volume":"22","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescence and Youth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.10.055","article-title":"Problematic involvement in online games: A cluster analytic approach","volume":"43","author":"Billieux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2005.02.008","article-title":"Computer vision syndrome: A review","volume":"50","author":"Blehm","year":"2005","journal-title":"Survey of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1089\/g4h.2014.0054","article-title":"Clarifying the links among online gaming, internet use, drinking motives, and online pornography use","volume":"4","author":"B\u0151the","year":"2015","journal-title":"Games for Health Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033","article-title":"Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet-use disorders: An interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model","volume":"71","author":"Brand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-015-0152-0","article-title":"Gaming and religion: The impact of spirituality and denomination","volume":"55","author":"Braun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Religion and Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-022-00180-6","article-title":"Association of internet gaming disorder symptoms with anxiety and depressive symptoms and substance use: an international cross-sectional study","volume":"29","author":"Burkauskas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Middle East Current Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-014-9949-9","article-title":"Parental influences on pathological symptoms of video-gaming among children and adolescents: A prospective study","volume":"24","author":"Choo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Family Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b11","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036417","article-title":"The development of the problematic online gaming questionnaire (POGQ)","volume":"7","author":"Demetrovics","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1080\/01639625.2012.726170","article-title":"Religion, self control, and substance use","volume":"34","author":"Desmond","year":"2013","journal-title":"Deviant Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.11.037","article-title":"Bedtime mobile phone use and sleep in adults","volume":"148","author":"Exelmans","year":"2016","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12459","article-title":"Prevalence of internet gaming disorder in adolescents: A meta-analysis across three decades","volume":"59","author":"Fam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.09.005","article-title":"A meta-analysis of pathological gaming prevalence and comorbidity with mental health, academic and social problems","volume":"45","author":"Ferguson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12016","article-title":"Problematic computer game use among adolescents, younger and older adults","volume":"108","author":"Festl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e319","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1353","article-title":"Pathological video game use among youths: A two-year longitudinal study","volume":"127","author":"Gentile","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-13-41","article-title":"Musculoskeletal symptoms and computer use among finnish adolescents - pain intensity and inconvenience to everyday life: a cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Hakala","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439316660340","article-title":"The relations among social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students","volume":"35","author":"Hawi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Social Science Computer Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b21","series-title":"IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 29.0","author":"IBM Corporation","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-021-00273-3","article-title":"The validation and reliability of a Japanese version of the problematic online gaming questionnaire (POGQ-J)","volume":"16","author":"Inoue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction Science & Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327825mcs0901_6","article-title":"Still a man\u2019s game: Gender representation in online reviews of video games","volume":"9","author":"Ivory","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mass Communication and Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-017-0584-6","article-title":"Confounding and collinearity in regression analysis: a cautionary tale and an alternative procedure, illustrated by studies of british voting behaviour","volume":"52","author":"Johnston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Quality & Quantity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.059","article-title":"A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use","volume":"31","author":"Kardefelt-Winther","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.24","article-title":"The concept of \u201charm\u201d in internet gaming disorder","volume":"7","author":"King","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00016","article-title":"Problematic online gaming and the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"9","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.11.005","article-title":"Validation of the ten-item internet gaming disorder test (IGDT-10) and evaluation of the nine DSM-5 internet gaming disorder criteria","volume":"64","author":"Kir\u00e1ly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2009.159","article-title":"Predictive values of psychiatric symptoms for internet addiction in adolescents: A 2-year prospective study","volume":"163","author":"Ko","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b30","series-title":"Handbook of religion and health","author":"Koenig","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2013.0656","article-title":"The relationship between online video game involvement and gaming-related friendships among emotionally sensitive individuals","volume":"17","author":"Kowert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S39476","article-title":"Internet gaming addiction: current perspectives","author":"Kuss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-011-9318-5","article-title":"Internet gaming addiction: A systematic review of empirical research","volume":"10","author":"Kuss","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.032","article-title":"DSM-5 diagnosis of internet gaming disorder: Some ways forward in overcoming issues and concerns in the gaming studies field: Response to the commentaries","volume":"6","author":"Kuss","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00142","article-title":"The roles of parent-and-child mental health and parental internet addiction in adolescent internet addiction: Does a parent-and-child gender match matter?","volume":"8","author":"Lam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/15213260802669458","article-title":"Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents","volume":"12","author":"Lemmens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Media Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.11.004","article-title":"Family factors in internet addiction among Chinese youth: A review of english- and Chinese-language studies","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3109\/16066359.2014.987759","article-title":"Pathological video-gaming among youth: A prospective study examining dynamic protective factors","volume":"23","author":"Liau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addiction Research & Theory"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2017.1378608","article-title":"Problematic gaming behavior among finnish junior high school students: Relation to socio-demographics and gaming behavior characteristics","volume":"44","author":"M\u00e4nnikk\u00f6","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.05.030","article-title":"Exploring the myth of the chubby gamer: A meta-analysis on sedentary video gaming and body mass","volume":"301","author":"Marker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014213","article-title":"Religion, self-regulation, and self-control: Associations, explanations, and implications.","volume":"135","author":"McCullough","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12532","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"71","author":"Mihara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0611-2","article-title":"Regular gaming behavior and internet gaming disorder in European adolescents: results from a cross-national representative survey of prevalence, predictors, and psychopathological correlates","volume":"24","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/17439884.2013.782038","article-title":"Developing scales to measure parental mediation of young children\u2019s internet use","volume":"39","author":"Nikken","year":"2013","journal-title":"Learning, Media and Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2012.0484","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the problematic online gaming questionnaire short-form and prevalence of problematic online gaming in a national sample of adolescents","volume":"16","author":"P\u00e1pay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.12.006","article-title":"Measuring DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: Development and validation of a short psychometric scale","volume":"45","author":"Pontes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110137","article-title":"The conceptualisation and measurement of DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: The development of the IGD-20 test","volume":"9","author":"Pontes","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2009.0227","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of video game dependency in adolescence: Results of a german nationwide survey","volume":"13","author":"Rehbein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.68","article-title":"Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being","volume":"55","author":"Ryan","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s11031-006-9051-8","article-title":"The motivational pull of video games: A self-determination theory approach","volume":"30","author":"Ryan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Motivation and Emotion"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.035","article-title":"Family factors in adolescent problematic internet gaming: A systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b52","series-title":"STOP, that and one hundred other sleep scales","first-page":"279","article-title":"Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)","author":"Shahid","year":"2011"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.12966\/psbr.12.02.2013","article-title":"Gender differences within online gaming: A systematic scoping review protocol","volume":"1","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychology and Social Behavior Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2007.03.004","article-title":"Being good by doing good: Daily eudaimonic activity and well-being","volume":"42","author":"Steger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.09.014","article-title":"Internet gaming disorder and problematic social media use in a representative sample of german adolescents: Prevalence estimates, comorbid depressive symptoms and related psychosocial aspects","volume":"103","author":"Wartberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.01.040","article-title":"New developments in brain research of internet and gaming disorder","volume":"75","author":"Weinstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691825010030?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691825010030?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T09:54:03Z","timestamp":1770890043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691825010030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0001691825010030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Internet Gaming Disorder: Prevalence and associated factors among university students","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105690","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105690"}}