{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T13:28:15Z","timestamp":1786973295880,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013107","name":"Riken Center for Brain Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010446","name":"Institute for Basic Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBS-R015-D2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBS-R015-D2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T20:38:00Z","timestamp":1769546280000},"page":"106341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Aphantasia modulates immersion experience but not eye fixation patterns during story reading"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"263","author":[{"given":"Hina","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Taschereau-Dumouchel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakwan","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Moharramipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000021","article-title":"Inner speech: Development, cognitive functions, phenomenology, and neurobiology","volume":"141","author":"Alderson-Day","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2020.11.014","article-title":"Quantifying aphantasia through drawing: Those without visual imagery show deficits in object but not spatial memory","volume":"135","author":"Bainbridge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1111\/mila.12432","article-title":"Aphantasia: In search of a theory","volume":"38","author":"Blomkvist","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mind & Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2023.09.004","article-title":"Defining and \u2018diagnosing\u2019 aphantasia: Condition or individual difference?","volume":"169","author":"Blomkvist","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.09.062","article-title":"Sensory representations in primary visual cortex are not sufficient for subjective imagery","volume":"34","author":"Cabbai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.12.012","article-title":"Imageless imagery in aphantasia revealed by early visual cortex decoding","volume":"35","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0035","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2021.103087","article-title":"What is the relationship between aphantasia, synaesthesia and autism?","volume":"89","author":"Dance","year":"2021","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65705-7","article-title":"A cognitive profile of multi-sensory imagery, memory and dreaming in aphantasia","volume":"10","author":"Dawes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2022.105192","article-title":"Memories with a blind mind: Remembering the past and imagining the future with aphantasia","volume":"227","author":"Dawes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.79.5.701","article-title":"The role of transportation in the persuasiveness of public narratives","volume":"79","author":"Green","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0060","series-title":"Narrative impact: Social and cognitive foundations","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12504","article-title":"SIMR: An R package for power analysis of generalized linear mixed models by simulation","volume":"7","author":"Green","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2022.06.011","article-title":"Visual imagery vividness declines across the lifespan","volume":"154","author":"Guly\u00e1s","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0075","series-title":"Kokoro wo hakaru [Measuring the mind]","first-page":"140","article-title":"Imeji nouryoku no sokutei [The measurement of imagery ability]","author":"Hishitani","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0080","series-title":"Nokku no oto ga [There was a knock]","author":"Hoshi","year":"1985"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.87.4.329","article-title":"A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension","volume":"87","author":"Just","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2024.103694","article-title":"Slower but more accurate mental rotation performance in aphantasia linked to differences in cognitive strategies","volume":"121","author":"Kay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029221","article-title":"Mental imagery and visual working memory","volume":"6","author":"Keogh","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0105","series-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-821377-3.00012-X","article-title":"Chapter 15 - Aphantasia: The science of visual imagery extremes","volume":"Vol. 178","author":"Keogh","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.07.012","article-title":"Visual working memory in aphantasia: Retained accuracy and capacity with a different strategy","volume":"143","author":"Keogh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.poetic.2016.02.001","article-title":"Mapping the aesthetic space of literature \u201cfrom below.\u201d","volume":"56","author":"Knoop","year":"2016","journal-title":"Poetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0120","series-title":"The case for mental imagery","author":"Kosslyn","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0125","author":"Kudo"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1075\/ssol.4.1.05kui","article-title":"Exploring absorbing reading experiences: Developing and validating a self-report scale to measure story world absorption","volume":"4","author":"Kuijpers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scientific Study of Literature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2025.01.013","article-title":"Visual mental imagery in typical imagers and in aphantasia: A millimeter-scale 7-T fMRI study","volume":"185","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/00043249.2022.2110444","article-title":"Plural imagination: Diversity in mind and making","volume":"81","author":"MacKisack","year":"2022","journal-title":"Art Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.13.3.3","article-title":"Eye movements and mental imagery during reading of literary texts with different narrative styles","volume":"13","author":"Magyari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Eye Movement Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2018.1552007","article-title":"Mental simulation during literary reading: Individual differences revealed with eye-tracking","volume":"34","author":"Mak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Language, Cognition and Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1973.tb01322.x","article-title":"Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures","volume":"64","author":"Marks","year":"1973","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2024.11.002","article-title":"Aphantasia as imagery blindsight","volume":"29","author":"Michel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/texcom\/tgab035","article-title":"Behavioral and neural signatures of visual imagery vividness extremes: Aphantasia versus hyperphantasia","volume":"2","author":"Milton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex Communications"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2486","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-021-02307-z","article-title":"Imagine, and you will find \u2013 Lack of attentional guidance through visual imagery in aphantasics","volume":"83","author":"Monzel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2023.104354","article-title":"Is it really empathy? The potentially confounding role of mental imagery in self-reports of empathy","volume":"103","author":"Monzel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"issue":"1521","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0314","article-title":"Imagining predictions: Mental imagery as mental emulation","volume":"364","author":"Moulton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"1817","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0689","article-title":"Unconscious mental imagery","volume":"376","author":"Nanay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.12.010","article-title":"Only minimal differences between individuals with congenital aphantasia and those with typical imagery on neuropsychological tasks that involve imagery","volume":"148","author":"Pounder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2023.09.013","article-title":"What is the true range of mental imagery?","volume":"170","author":"Schwarzkopf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_02120","article-title":"Metacognitive awareness and the subjective experience of remembering in aphantasia","volume":"36","author":"Siena","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-025-01101-6","article-title":"How interoception and the insula shape mental imagery and aphantasia","volume":"38","author":"Silvanto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Topography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2024.103645","article-title":"The role of visual imagery in story reading: Evidence from aphantasia","volume":"118","author":"Speed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.08.005","article-title":"Imagery and visual working memory: One and the same?","volume":"17","author":"Tong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26590","article-title":"Working memory signals in early visual cortex are present in weak and strong imagers","volume":"45","author":"Weber","year":"2024","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"1946","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0225","article-title":"The critical role of mental imagery in human emotion: Insights from fear-based imagery and aphantasia","volume":"288","author":"Wicken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2024.02.007","article-title":"Aphantasia and hyperphantasia: Exploring imagery vividness extremes","volume":"28","author":"Zeman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2015.05.019","article-title":"Lives without imagery \u2013 Congenital aphantasia","volume":"73","author":"Zeman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2020.04.003","article-title":"Phantasia\u2013The psychological significance of lifelong visual imagery vividness extremes","volume":"130","author":"Zeman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.08.024","article-title":"Loss of imagery phenomenology with intact visuo-spatial task performance: A case of \u2018blind imagination.\u2019","volume":"48","author":"Zeman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691826001411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691826001411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T13:02:13Z","timestamp":1786971733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691826001411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0001691826001411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.31234\/osf.io\/4atfz_v5","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Aphantasia modulates immersion experience but not eye fixation patterns during story reading","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.106341","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106341"}}