{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T13:42:53Z","timestamp":1792244573190,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009392","name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PSAU\/ 2025\/01\/34490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSAU\/ 2025\/01\/34490"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:03:34Z","timestamp":1781874214000},"page":"107266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The effectiveness of an AI-based therapeutic program on health habits among students with learning disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"268","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1423-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayman Abdullah Hazza","family":"Alamri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/40789","article-title":"Artificial intelligence\u2013based chatbots for promoting health behavioral changes: Systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V45N11p507","article-title":"Sleep patterns and dysfunctions in children with learning problems","volume":"45","author":"Aishworiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.47104\/ebnrojs3.v7i4.406","article-title":"Exploring sleep patterns among children with ADHD: Mothers\u2019 perspectives in Saudi Arabia","volume":"7","author":"Albuqami","year":"2025","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Nursing Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11040494","article-title":"Determinants of physical activity among children with disabilities","volume":"11","author":"Alghamdi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb5000","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031192","article-title":"Artificial intelligence enabled personalised assistive tools to enhance education of children with neurodevelopmental disorders-a review","volume":"19","author":"Barua","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691613491271","article-title":"The pervasive problem with placebos in psychology: Why active control groups are not sufficient to rule out placebo effects","volume":"8","author":"Boot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.33438\/ijdshs.1440250","article-title":"Investigation of the relationship between physical activity level and quality of life in children with specific learning disabilities using regression analysis","volume":"7","author":"Boya","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0040","first-page":"19","article-title":"Well-being and health in adolescents with disabilities","volume":"29","author":"Canha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psicologia: Reflex\u00e3o e Cr\u00edtica"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219413518582","article-title":"Obesity, physical activity, and sedentary behavior of youth with learning disabilities and ADHD","volume":"48","author":"Cook","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Learning Disabilities"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/0040059914551921","article-title":"Evidence-based special education in the context of scarce evidence-based practices: The council for exceptional children\u2019s interdivisional research group","volume":"47","author":"Cook","year":"2014","journal-title":"Teaching Exceptional Children"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2011.08.005","article-title":"Tracking of obesity-related behaviours from childhood to adulthood: A systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Craigie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.05.005","article-title":"The effect of child, family and environmental factors on the participation of young children with disabilities","volume":"11","author":"Di Marino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disability and Health Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0065","series-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-64150-2.00020-4","article-title":"Executive functions","volume":"Vol. 173","author":"Diamond","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0075","series-title":"The science of learning disabilities: Development, identification, and intervention","author":"Elliott","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0085","series-title":"Learning disabilities: From identification to intervention","author":"Fletcher","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e318218e1fb","article-title":"Usual and unusual care: Existing practice control groups in randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions","volume":"73","author":"Freedland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2021.2003362","article-title":"Developing habit-based health behavior change interventions: Twenty-one questions to guide future research","volume":"38","author":"Gardner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychology & Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-024-01118-x","article-title":"A systematic review of chatbots in inclusive healthcare: Insights from the last 5\u00a0years","volume":"24","author":"Grassini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Universal Access in the Information Society"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040119-094412","article-title":"Sleep health: An opportunity for public health to address health equity","volume":"2","author":"Hale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annual Review of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-024-09921-x","article-title":"The self-regulated strategy development instructional model: Efficacious theoretical integration, scaling up, challenges, and future research","volume":"36","author":"Harris","year":"2024","journal-title":"Educational Psychology Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.7748\/ldp.2024.e2223","article-title":"Obesity and nutrition: Supporting positive dietary behavior change in people with learning disabilities","volume":"27","author":"Henderson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Learning Disability Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0130","series-title":"Artificial intelligence in education promises and implications for teaching and learning","author":"Holmes","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/34384","article-title":"The impact of wearable technologies in health research: Scoping review","volume":"10","author":"Huhn","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci14050288","article-title":"Investigation into the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in special education: A literature review","volume":"14","author":"Hussein","year":"2025","journal-title":"Social Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/34588","article-title":"Intervention mapping of a gamified therapy prescription app for children with disabilities: A user-centered design approach","volume":"5","author":"Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0160","article-title":"Using ecological models of health behavior to promote health care access and physical activity engagement for persons with disabilities","volume":"20","author":"Kennedy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Patient Experience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0165","first-page":"51","article-title":"The impact of self-regulation-based strategies in improving learning scientific concepts among students with learning disabilities in the intermediate stage","volume":"39","author":"Khasawneh","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Special Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.674","article-title":"How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world","volume":"40","author":"Lally","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Social Psychology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2012.09.585","article-title":"Physical activity in children and adolescents","volume":"4","author":"Landry","year":"2012","journal-title":"PM&R: the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/60309","article-title":"Effectiveness of a gamified mobile app in enhancing treatment adherence for children with amblyopia: Explorative study","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"JMIR Serious Games"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173403","article-title":"Does gamification increase engagement with online programs? A systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Looyestyn","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.3390\/children12030359","article-title":"Conversational AI in pediatric mental health: A narrative review","volume":"12","author":"Mansoor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.08.015","article-title":"Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects","volume":"67","author":"McCambridge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1159\/000228248","article-title":"The selection and design of control conditions for randomized controlled trials of psychological interventions","volume":"78","author":"Mohr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0210","first-page":"60","article-title":"Challenges of emotion regulation and its outcomes in interpersonal relationships of children with learning disabilities: A qualitative study (Persian)","volume":"13","author":"Mousavi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Learning Disabilities"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15080806","article-title":"The effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based interventions for students with learning disabilities: A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Paglialunga","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00422","article-title":"A review of self-regulated learning: Six models and four directions for research","volume":"8","author":"Panadero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/22488","article-title":"Habit formation in wearable activity tracker use among older adults: Qualitative study","volume":"9","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth and uHealth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0240","series-title":"Strategy instruction for students with learning disabilities","author":"Reid","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0245","series-title":"Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness","author":"Ryan","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.05.011","article-title":"A systematic review of gamification in e-Health","volume":"71","author":"Sardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2019.101832","article-title":"Motivation and social cognitive theory","volume":"60","author":"Schunk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemporary Educational Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/mejrh.44558","article-title":"Self-efficacy, achievement motivation, and academic progress of students with learning disabilities: A comparison with typical students","volume":"4","author":"Seyed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0270","series-title":"The science of reading: A handbook","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-78","article-title":"Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Teixeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/s22082960","article-title":"Health habits and wearable activity tracker devices: Analytical cross-sectional study","volume":"22","author":"Tric\u00e1s-Vidal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"116","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.52547\/JPS.21.116.1613","article-title":"The effect of training emotional self-regulation strategies on social competence, academic performance and behavioral problems of students with learning disabilities","volume":"21","author":"Veisiy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Psychological Science"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0290","article-title":"Effectiveness of gamification interventions to improve physical activity and sedentary behavior in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"JMIR Serious Games"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122414-033417","article-title":"Psychology of habit","volume":"67","author":"Wood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0300","series-title":"Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0333850","article-title":"Rising prevalence of parent-reported learning disabilities among U.S. children and adolescents aged 6\u201317\u00a0years: NSCH, 2016\u20132023","volume":"20","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-072319-024242","article-title":"Executive function and psychopathology: A neurodevelopmental perspective","volume":"16","author":"Zelazo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/22845","article-title":"Artificial intelligence chatbot behavior change model for designing AI chatbots to promote physical activity and a healthy diet: Viewpoint","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266_bb0320","article-title":"Promoting child and adolescent health through wearable technology: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Digital Health"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000169182601067X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000169182601067X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T13:11:04Z","timestamp":1792242664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000169182601067X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S000169182601067X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effectiveness of an AI-based therapeutic program on health habits among students with learning disabilities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107266","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107266"}}