{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:21:34Z","timestamp":1787566894354,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019455","name":"University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019455","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T16:12:14Z","timestamp":1785946334000},"page":"107574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["University students' acceptance of virtual teaching assistants in the era of AI: An extended UTAUT2 model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"269","author":[{"given":"Thanh Mai","family":"Doan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai Dong","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khanh Huy","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdulmuhsin, A.A., Hussein, H.D., Ramo, R.M., Masa'deh, R., Alkhwaldi, A.F. (2025). Artificial intelligence and green innovation. In: Al-Marzouqi, A., Salloum, S., Shaalan, K., Gaber, T., Masa'deh, R. (eds) Generative AI in creative industries. Studies in computational intelligence, 1208. Springer, Cham. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-89175-5_37.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-89175-5_37"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijer.2025.102636","article-title":"The perceived relationship between self-directed learning, active learning, and critical thinking in using GenAI of adult learners in Ghana: An assessment of gen Z, millennials, GenX, and baby boomers","volume":"132","author":"Adarkwah","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.9.2.204","article-title":"A conceptual and operational definition of personal innovativeness in the domain of information technology","volume":"9","author":"Agarwal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T","article-title":"The theory of planned behavior","volume":"50","author":"Ajzen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0030","series-title":"Theory of reasoned action-theory of planned behavior","first-page":"67","author":"Ajzen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmrv.2024.09.004","article-title":"Breaking into the black box of consumers\u2019 perceptions on metaverse commerce: An integrated model of UTAUT 2 and dual-factor theory","volume":"29","author":"Al-Adwan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Management Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbr.2024.100459","article-title":"Factors impacting users\u2019 willingness to adopt and utilize the metaverse in education: A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Al-kfairy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alkhwaldi, A.F., Abu-AlSondos, I.A., Shehadeh, M., Ajouz, M., Abdulmuhsin, A.A. (2025). Investigating user acceptance of AI-driven Fintech services through the Lens of the UTAUT model. In: Alzoubi, H.M., Ahmad, M., Alshurideh, M.T. (eds) Innovation, technologies, and business management (ICTIM). ICTIM 2024. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-84889-6_37.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-84889-6_37"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su18104996","article-title":"Drivers and barriers to artificial intelligence adoption in agriculture: A socio-technical analysis of Midwestern United States farmers","volume":"18","author":"Alkhwaldi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35921","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-19851-5","article-title":"Determinants of student adoption of artificial intelligence applications in higher education","volume":"15","author":"Alshammari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2212585X221121674","article-title":"Virtual teaching assistants: A survey of a novel teaching technology","volume":"11","author":"Audras","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Chinese Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijer.2024.102411","article-title":"ChatGPT in the higher education: A systematic literature review and research challenges","volume":"127","author":"Baig","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121692","article-title":"The role of meta-UTAUT factors, perceived anthropomorphism, perceived intelligence, and social self-efficacy in chatbot-based services?","volume":"180","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-021-04049-5","article-title":"Conversational commerce: Entering the next stage of AI-powered digital assistants","volume":"333","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/135910457000100301","article-title":"Back-translation for cross-cultural research","volume":"1","author":"Brislin","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.37420\/j.eeer.2022.001","article-title":"Investigating the acceptance of Meta-universe technology for football course training among university physical education teachers: A UTAUT2 and TTF model approach","volume":"2","author":"Bu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Electrical & Electronic Engineering Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0090","series-title":"How students interact with AI-teaching assistant: Roles of novelty and innovativeness","first-page":"425","author":"Bui","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0095","series-title":"The impact of personal innovativeness on the intention to use cloud classroom: An empirical study in China","author":"Cao","year":"2019"},{"issue":"64","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0100","article-title":"An expectancy value theory (EVT) based instrument for measuring student perceptions of generative AI","volume":"10","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Learning Environments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3443","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10159-7","article-title":"Adoption of artificial intelligence in higher education: A quantitative analysis using structural equation modelling","volume":"25","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6352","DOI":"10.55248\/gengpi.5.0524.1277","article-title":"Transforming education: How AI is revolutionizing the learning experience","volume":"5","author":"Chetry","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/014662168801200410","article-title":"Set correlation and contingency tables","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Applied Psychological Measurement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Narayanan S, Ramakrishnan R, Durairaj E, Das A. (2023). Artificial intelligence revolutionizing the field of medical education. Cureus, 15(11), e49604. doi:10.7759\/cureus.49604. PMID: 38161821; PMCID: PMC10755136.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.49604"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0130","series-title":"User acceptance of information systems: The technology acceptance model (TAM)","author":"Davis","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0135","series-title":"A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results. Doctoral dissertation","author":"DAVIS","year":"1986"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982","article-title":"User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models","volume":"35","author":"Davis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"57","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0145","article-title":"The impact of a virtual teaching assistant (chatbot) on students\u2019 learning in Ghanaian higher education","volume":"19","author":"Essel","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE-06-2016-0015","article-title":"Acceptance and use of lecture capture system (LCS) in executive business studies","volume":"14","author":"Farooq","year":"2017","journal-title":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G* power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0160","series-title":"Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research","author":"Fishbein","year":"1975"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","article-title":"Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error","volume":"18","author":"Fornell","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/08839514.2024.2371168","article-title":"Understanding university students\u2019 acceptance of ChatGPT: Insights from the UTAUT2 model","volume":"38","author":"Grassini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Artificial Intelligence"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTEL.2020.110056","article-title":"The viability of UTAUT-3 in understanding the lecturer\u2019s acceptance and use of virtual learning environments","volume":"12","author":"Gunasinghe","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE-05-2019-0020","article-title":"The adequacy of UTAUT-3 in interpreting academician\u2019s adoption to e-learning in higher education environments","volume":"17","author":"Gunasinghe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1108\/EBR-11-2018-0203","article-title":"When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM","volume":"31","author":"Hair","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Business Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMDA.2017.087624","article-title":"PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: Updated guidelines on which method to use","volume":"1","author":"Hair","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-014-0403-8","article-title":"A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling","volume":"43","author":"Henseler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34520","article-title":"Behavioral intentions of university teachers and students toward the adoption of the hyb-blended learning method: Evidence from Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"Hossain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/higheredu5030053","article-title":"Exploring student acceptance of AI teaching assistants in African higher education","volume":"5","author":"Hu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Trends in Higher Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0215","first-page":"29","article-title":"Emerging technologies for digitalized learning in higher education","volume":"37","author":"Janahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0220","article-title":"A meta-analysis of mobile learning adoption in higher education based on unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 3 (UTAUT3)","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vision: The journal of business Perspective."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2020.101406","article-title":"Effects of brand anthropomorphism on consumer-brand relationships on social networking site fan pages: The mediating role of social presence","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Telematics and Informatics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12195","article-title":"Exploring factors that influence adoption of e- learning within higher education","volume":"46","author":"King","year":"2015","journal-title":"British Journal of Educational Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2025.2496942","article-title":"The role of social influence in generative artificial intelligence ChatGPT adoption intentions among undergraduate and graduate students","volume":"62","author":"Korchak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Innovations in Education and Teaching International"},{"issue":"56","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0240","article-title":"Role of AI chatbots in education: Systematic literature review","volume":"20","author":"Labadze","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.2307\/25148817","article-title":"How habit limits the predictive power of intention: The case of information systems continuance","volume":"31","author":"Limayem","year":"2007","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0250","series-title":"Beyond traditional teaching: Large language models as simulated teaching assistants in computer science","first-page":"743","author":"Liu","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopatto, D., Silver Key, S. C., Van Stry, M., Siders, J., Leung, W., Sandlin, K. M., ... & Reed, L. K. (2023). Supporting the democratization of science during a pandemic: Genomics Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) as an effective remote learning strategy. Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education Edited by P.A. Marshall, 24(3). doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jmbe.00039-23.","DOI":"10.1128\/jmbe.00039-23"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-014-0348-1","article-title":"Technology acceptance model: A literature review from 1986 to 2013","volume":"14","author":"Maranguni\u0107","year":"2015","journal-title":"Universal Access in the Information Society"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2024.2305365","article-title":"Twelve tips on creating and using custom GPTs to enhance health professions education","volume":"46","author":"Masters","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medical Teacher"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.21887","article-title":"Impact of perceived value on intention to use voice assistants: The moderating effects of personal innovativeness and experience","volume":"40","author":"Molinillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychology & Marketing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-020-00411-w","article-title":"How perceptions of intelligence and anthropomorphism affect adoption of personal intelligent agents","volume":"31","author":"Moussawi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Electronic Markets"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.53978\/jfsa.v2i1.266","article-title":"Analisis Penerimaan Dan Penggunaan Aplikasi Zoom Dengan Pendekatan Model Utaut 2","volume":"2","author":"Ningsih","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jurnal Informatika, Sistem Informasi Dan Kehutanan (FORSINTA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0285","unstructured":"Rahul Niraj. (2024). How AI virtual teaching assistants enhance instruction and learning. Harbinger Group. https:\/\/www.harbingergroup.com\/blogs\/how-ai-virtual-teaching-assistants-enhance- instruction-and-learning\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123094","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3224236","article-title":"How perceptions of trust and intrusiveness affect the adoption of voice activated personal assistants","volume":"10","author":"Pal","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0295","first-page":"1","article-title":"Understanding students\u2019 adoption of the ChatGPT chatbot in higher education: The role of anthropomorphism, trust, design novelty and institutional policy","author":"Polyportis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behaviour & Information Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2005.03.001","article-title":"Feelings of alienation and community among higher education students in a virtual classroom","volume":"8","author":"Rovai","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Internet and Higher Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.12.051","article-title":"Enhancing chatbot effectiveness: The role of anthropomorphic conversational styles and time orientation","volume":"126","author":"Roy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb3000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1108\/EJM-02-2019-0189","article-title":"Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for using PLSpredict","volume":"53","author":"Shmueli","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Marketing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3268224","article-title":"Exploring students\u2019 perceptions of ChatGPT: Thematic analysis and follow-up survey","volume":"11","author":"Shoufan","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2022.101929","article-title":"An empirical analysis of mobile learning app usage experience","volume":"68","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technology in Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"So, I. G., Chanda, R. C., Zhang, M. L., Gui, A., Bachri, S., & Kowirya, P. C. (2025). Unveiling factors influencing university students' intention to adopt AI-based teaching assistance. 2025 international conference on intelligent &amp; innovative practices in engineering &amp; management (IIPEM). IEEE, 1\u20136. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IIPEM65914.2025.11548378.","DOI":"10.1109\/IIPEM65914.2025.11548378"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0325","first-page":"1","article-title":"To use or not to use ChatGPT in higher education? A study of students\u2019 acceptance and use of technology","author":"Strzelecki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Interactive Learning Environments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0330","unstructured":"Paraminder Talwar. (2023). The strategic use of virtual teacher assistants to increase faculty engagement and job satisfaction. https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/openview\/1d830a909b19a2735470f4bdf261b459\/1?pq- origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0335","series-title":"LittleMu: Deploying an online virtual teaching assistant via heterogeneous sources integration and chain of teach prompts","first-page":"4843","author":"Tu","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkatesh, V. and Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. The Author Journal compilation C. Decision Sciences\u00b8 39(2), 273\u2013315. https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926","article-title":"A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies","volume":"46","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540","article-title":"User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view","volume":"27","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2003","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2307\/41410412","article-title":"Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: Extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology","volume":"36","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0360","author":"Wagner"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0365","article-title":"Determinants of university students\u2019 intention to use generative AI tools for personalized English learning: Mediating effect of flow experience and moderating effect of personal innovativeness","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12065","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11116-2","article-title":"Factors predicting university students\u2019 behavioral intention to use eLearning platforms in the post-pandemic normal: An UTAUT2 approach with \u2018learning value\u2019","volume":"27","author":"Zacharis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691826013752?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691826013752?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T08:34:31Z","timestamp":1787560471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691826013752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":72,"alternative-id":["S0001691826013752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"University students' acceptance of virtual teaching assistants in the era of AI: An extended UTAUT2 model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107574","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107574"}}