{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:45:34Z","timestamp":1792590334806,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:20:53Z","timestamp":1789075253000},"page":"107784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Emotion regulation as a mediator of the association between self-esteem and negative affect: Evidence from scar and vulnerability models"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"270","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1700-0029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge-Luis","family":"Guirado-Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2650-3277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor A.","family":"Sanchez-Azanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0544-5992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Valera-Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0286-6572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Aguilar-Mediavilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4337-1325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Adrover-Roig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.11.012","article-title":"Emotion dysregulation mediates the relationship between lifetime cumulative adversity and depressive symptomatology","volume":"61","author":"Abravanel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2019.1614079","article-title":"Emotion regulation and empathy as mediators of self-esteem and friendship quality in predicting cyberbullying tendency in Javanese-Indonesian adolescents","volume":"25","author":"Adiyanti","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescence and Youth"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419000543","article-title":"Emotion regulation processes linking peer victimization to anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence","volume":"31","author":"Adrian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1037\/pspp0000560","article-title":"Low self-esteem as a risk factor for depression: A longitudinal study with continuous time modeling","volume":"129","author":"Aebi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01984","article-title":"On the interpretation and use of mediation: Multiple perspectives on mediation analysis","volume":"8","author":"Agler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.031","article-title":"Adolescent stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression: Resilience explains and differentiates the relationships","volume":"203","author":"Anyan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0035","first-page":"679","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS)","volume":"17","author":"Bados","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0040","series-title":"Depression: Causes and treatment","author":"Beck","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0045","first-page":"5","article-title":"Cognitive models of depression","volume":"1","author":"Beck","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quaterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2307\/271084","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects: Classical and bootstrap estimates of variability","volume":"20","author":"Bollen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Sociological Methodology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-005-9010-y","article-title":"Reciprocal, longitudinal associations among adolescents\u2019 negative feedback-seeking, depressive symptoms, and peer relations","volume":"34","author":"Borelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12145","article-title":"Cognitive and emotion-regulatory mediators of the relationship between behavioral approach system sensitivity and nonsuicidal self-injury frequency","volume":"45","author":"Burke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Suicide and Life-threatening Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2006.00503.x","article-title":"Self processes in adolescent depression: The role of self-worth contingencies","volume":"16","author":"Burwell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.67.2.319","article-title":"Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS\/BAS scales","volume":"67","author":"Carver","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2019.1580712","article-title":"Interactive association between negative emotion regulation and savoring is linked to anxiety symptoms among college students","volume":"68","author":"Chiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/chidev\/aacag014","article-title":"Reciprocal pathways between emotion regulation self-efficacy and depression among adolescents: The mediating role of emotion (dys)regulation","volume":"97","author":"Clapham","year":"2026","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0085","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579425100497","article-title":"The relations among depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and optimism during adolescence: Longitudinal evidence from nine countries","volume":"38","author":"Cortright","year":"2025","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-011-9332-7","article-title":"Excessive eating and compulsive buying behaviours in women: An empirical pilot study examining reward sensitivity, anxiety, impulsivity, self-esteem and social desirability","volume":"10","author":"Davenport","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35250-0","article-title":"Relationship between adult attachment and cognitive emotional regulation style in women and men","volume":"13","author":"Delgado","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1177\/0272431615594458","article-title":"Longitudinal relations between peer victimization, emotion dysregulation, and internalizing symptoms among early adolescents","volume":"37","author":"Doyle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Early Adolescence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.5209\/rev_SJOP.2011.v14.n1.39","article-title":"Assessment of the behavioral inhibition system and the behavioral approach system: Adaptation and validation of the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire (SPSRQ) in a Chilean sample","volume":"14","author":"Dufey","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Spanish Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0115","series-title":"Sociological methodology","article-title":"The essential guide to effect sizes: Statistical power, meta-analysis, and the interpretation of research results","volume":"Vol. 17","author":"Ellis","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.01.025","article-title":"The general factor of personality, BIS-BAS, expectancies of reward and punishment, self-esteem, and positive and negative affect","volume":"48","author":"Erdle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.2.486","article-title":"R 2 effect-size measures for mediation analysis","volume":"41","author":"Fairchild","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2019.1705837","article-title":"Relationship of childhood maltreatment, exercise, and emotion regulation to self-esteem, PTSD, and depression symptoms among college students","volume":"69","author":"Fasciano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465800015368","article-title":"Low self-esteem: A cognitive perspective","volume":"25","author":"Fennell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/ajpy.12288","article-title":"Positive reappraisal moderates depressive symptomology among adolescent bullying victims","volume":"72","author":"Ferraz de Camargo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2016.1232698","article-title":"Specificity of relations between adolescents\u2019 cognitive emotion regulation strategies and symptoms of depression and anxiety","volume":"32","author":"Garnefski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(00)00113-6","article-title":"Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems","volume":"30","author":"Garnefski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2004.12.009","article-title":"Specificity of relations between adolescents\u2019 cognitive emotion regulation strategies and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology","volume":"28","author":"Garnefski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94","article-title":"Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale","volume":"26","author":"Gratz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(70)90069-0","article-title":"The psychophysiological basis of introversion-extraversion","volume":"8","author":"Gray","year":"1970","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0170","series-title":"The psychology of fear and stress","author":"Gray","year":"1987"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/02699939008410799","article-title":"Brain systems that mediate both emotion and cognition","volume":"4","author":"Gray","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0180","series-title":"The neuropsychology of anxiety","author":"Gray","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1080\/1047840X.2015.989751","article-title":"The extended process model of emotion regulation: Elaborations, applications, and future directions","volume":"26","author":"Gross","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00567","article-title":"Facing anxiety, growing up. Trait emotional intelligence as a mediator of the relationship between self-esteem and university anxiety","volume":"10","author":"Guil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1080\/03637750903310360","article-title":"Beyond baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium","volume":"76","author":"Hayes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Communication Monographs"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6494.2006.00410.x","article-title":"Basic personality dispositions, self-esteem, and personal goals: An approach-avoidance analysis","volume":"74","author":"Heimpel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Personality"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X29657","article-title":"The short-form version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample","volume":"44","author":"Henry","year":"2005","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-014-0403-8","article-title":"A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling","volume":"43","author":"Henseler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0215","first-page":"139","article-title":"The Spanish version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale","volume":"19","author":"Herv\u00e1s","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinica y Salud"},{"issue":"MAY","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0220","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical depression and punishment sensitivity on the BART","volume":"8","author":"Hevey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.09091379","article-title":"Research domain criteria (RDoC): Toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders","volume":"167","author":"Insel","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.14301\/llcs.v7i4.394","article-title":"Vulnerability, scar, or reciprocal risk? Temporal ordering of self-esteem and depressive symptoms over 25 years","volume":"7","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0235","series-title":"Doing statistical mediation and moderation","author":"Jose","year":"2013"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-009-9479-8","article-title":"The relationship of parental control to youth adjustment: Do youths\u2019 feelings about their parents play a role?","volume":"39","author":"Kakihara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.111.4.589","article-title":"Behavioral activation and inhibition systems and the severity and course of depression","volume":"111","author":"Kasch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.017","article-title":"Reinforcement sensitivity predicts affective psychopathology via emotion regulation: Cross-sectional, longitudinal and quasi-experimental evidence","volume":"301","author":"Katz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465821000485","article-title":"A transdiagnostic model of low self-esteem: Pathway analysis in a heterogeneous clinical sample","volume":"50","author":"Kresznerits","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0260","article-title":"Plight or light?","author":"Lan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Elucidating the main and interacting effects of parenting styles and BIS\/BAS profiles on left-behind youth\u2019s self-esteem. Current Psychology."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410802698396","article-title":"Insecure attachment, dysfunctional attitudes, and low self-esteem predicting prospective symptoms of depression and anxiety during adolescence","volume":"38","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.90.3.213","article-title":"Depression-related cognitions: Antecedent or consequence?","volume":"90","author":"Lewinsohn","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04719-7","article-title":"The role of self-esteem and emotion regulation in the associations between childhood trauma and mental health in adulthood: A moderated mediation model","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U","article-title":"The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) with the Beck depression and anxiety inventories","volume":"33","author":"Lovibond","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.1.83","article-title":"A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects","volume":"7","author":"MacKinnon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.079","article-title":"Focus on and venting of negative emotion mediates the 18-year bi-directional relations between major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder diagnoses","volume":"303","author":"Marr","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1017\/S1138741600006727","article-title":"The Rosenberg self-esteem scale: Translation and validation in university students","volume":"10","author":"Mart\u00edn-Albo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spanish Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-017-0727-z","article-title":"Self-esteem in early adolescence as predictor of depressive symptoms in late adolescence and early adulthood: The mediating role of motivational and social factors","volume":"47","author":"Masselink","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0310","article-title":"The role of sensitivity to reward and punishment in aggression","author":"Meg\u00edas-Robles","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.008","article-title":"Cognitive emotion regulation strategies contributing to resilience in patients with depression and\/or anxiety disorders","volume":"54","author":"Min","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.07.015","article-title":"Childhood trauma and sensitivity to reward and punishment: Implications for depressive and anxiety symptoms","volume":"119","author":"Miu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.04.012","article-title":"The association between stress and emotional states in adolescents: The role of gender and self-esteem","volume":"49","author":"Moksnes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2012.14.1\/smorris","article-title":"Research domain criteria: Cognitive systems, neural circuits, and dimensions of behavior","volume":"14","author":"Morris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-021-01427-x","article-title":"Emotion regulation in relation with resilience in emerging adults: The mediating role of self-esteem","volume":"42","author":"Mouatsou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Current Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0904_8","article-title":"How to use a Monte Carlo study to decide on sample size and determine power","volume":"9","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"2002","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.04.047","article-title":"Adult attachment style and anxiety \u2013 The mediating role of emotion regulation","volume":"218","author":"Nielsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721413492763","article-title":"Understanding the link between low self-esteem and depression","volume":"22","author":"Orth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"88","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1037\/pspp0000037","article-title":"Low self-esteem prospectively predicts depression in the transition to young adulthood: A replication of Orth, Robins, and Roberts (2008)","volume":"110","author":"Rieger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2010.01.003","article-title":"Implicit self-esteem in recurrently depressed patients","volume":"41","author":"Risch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0370","article-title":"Society and the adolescent self-image","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1965","journal-title":"Princeton University Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0375","first-page":"16","article-title":"Investigating the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and self-criticism in adulthood","volume":"17","author":"Rostami","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Behav Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1017\/S1138741600005163","article-title":"Social psychology of mental health: The social structure and personality perspective","volume":"6","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spanish Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-016-0585-0","article-title":"Emotion regulation strategies in depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth: A Meta-analytic review","volume":"46","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00138-2","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of the etiology of anxiety sensitivity: Test of a scar model","volume":"38","author":"Schmidt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.4.670","article-title":"Community violence exposure and children\u2019s social adjustment in the school peer group: The mediating roles of emotion regulation and social cognition","volume":"68","author":"Schwartz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"August","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.08.010","article-title":"Negative affect as mediator between emotion regulation and medically unexplained symptoms","volume":"101","author":"Schwarz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-021-00814-z","article-title":"Emotion regulation as a mediator in the relationship between cognitive biases and depressive symptoms in depressed, at-risk and healthy children and adolescents","volume":"49","author":"Sf\u00e4rlea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2016.1252723","article-title":"Emotion regulation choice in an evaluative context: The moderating role of self-esteem","volume":"31","author":"Shafir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.71.5.890","article-title":"Depressive symptoms erode self-esteem in severe mental illness: A three-wave, cross-lagged study","volume":"71","author":"Shahar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/15298860903286090","article-title":"Do depressive symptoms Erode self-esteem in early adolescence?","volume":"9","author":"Shahar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Self and Identity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119663","article-title":"From adolescence to midlife: Within-person associations between self-esteem and internalizing symptoms across 28 years","volume":"389","author":"Solberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.08.003","article-title":"Questioning the vulnerability model: Prospective associations between low self-esteem and subsequent depression ratings may be spurious","volume":"315","author":"Sorjonen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028931","article-title":"Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"139","author":"Sowislo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038478","article-title":"Testing the vulnerability and scar models of self-esteem and depressive symptoms from adolescence to middle adulthood and across generations","volume":"51","author":"Steiger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S269874","article-title":"The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in bis\/bas sensitivities, depression, and anxiety among community-dwelling older adults in China","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8007","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138007","article-title":"Resilience and regulation of emotions in adolescents: Serial mediation analysis through self-esteem and the perceived social support","volume":"19","author":"Surzykiewicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12166","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912166","article-title":"The relationship between physical exercise and negative emotions in college students in the post-epidemic era: The mediating role of emotion regulation self-efficacy","volume":"19","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2015.02.029","article-title":"BAS reward responsiveness: A unique predictor of positive psychological functioning","volume":"80","author":"Taubitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1080\/01973533.2015.1049351","article-title":"Reversing arrows in mediation models does not distinguish plausible models","volume":"37","author":"Thoemmes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(00)00183-5","article-title":"The sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire (SPSRQ) as a measure of Gray\u2019s anxiety and impulsivity dimensions","volume":"31","author":"Torrubia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.08.010","article-title":"Reinforcement sensitivity theory and emotion regulation difficulties: A multimodal investigation","volume":"49","author":"Tull","year":"2010","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0480","series-title":"The international encyclopedia of communication research methods","first-page":"1","article-title":"Path analysis","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2013.09.007","article-title":"Implicit and explicit self-esteem and their reciprocal relationship with symptoms of depression and social anxiety: A longitudinal study in adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Van Tuijl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2008.11.005","article-title":"Self-esteem and resilience: The connection with risky behavior among adolescents","volume":"34","author":"Veselska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16548","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416548","article-title":"Emotional intelligence, resilience, and self-esteem as predictors of satisfaction with life in university students","volume":"19","author":"Vilca-Pareja","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2021.101479","article-title":"From BIS to binge: The role of negative affect in the pathway between personality and binge eating","volume":"41","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eating Behaviors"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959259810000420","article-title":"Reviews in clinical gerontology what is resilience? A review and concept analysis what is resilience? A review and concept analysis","volume":"21","author":"Windle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reviews in Clinical Gerontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-017-9755-9","article-title":"Is self esteem mediating the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression?","volume":"39","author":"Yal\u00e7\u0131nkaya-Alkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650604700404","article-title":"How does functional disability affect depressive symptoms in late life? The role of perceived social support and psychological resources","volume":"47","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457942000098X","article-title":"Emotion regulation deficits mediate childhood sexual abuse effects on stress sensitization and depression outcomes","volume":"34","author":"Yaroslavsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(88)90114-3","article-title":"Enduring deficits after remissions of depression: A test of the scar hypothesis","volume":"26","author":"Zeiss","year":"1988","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"}],"container-title":["Acta Psychologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691826015854?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001691826015854?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:16:04Z","timestamp":1792588564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001691826015854"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":104,"alternative-id":["S0001691826015854"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Emotion regulation as a mediator of the association between self-esteem and negative affect: Evidence from scar and vulnerability models","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Acta Psychologica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2026.107784","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107784"}}