{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:12:20Z","timestamp":1791425540691,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.es","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Actas Dermo-Sifiliogr\u00e1ficas"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:51:41Z","timestamp":1740106301000},"page":"611-620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pollution, a Relevant Exposome Factor in Skin Aging and the Role of Multi-benefit Photoprotection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Santamaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Gilaberte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Prudkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Piquero-Casals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.574936","article-title":"The chemical exposome of human aging","volume":"11","author":"Misra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.011","article-title":"Environmentally-induced (extrinsic) skin aging: exposomal factors and underlying mechanisms","volume":"141","author":"Krutmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0456","article-title":"Complementing the genome with an \u201cexposome\u201d: the outstanding challenge of environmental exposure measurement in molecular epidemiology","volume":"14","author":"Wild","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft251","article-title":"The nature of nurture: refining the definition of the exposome","volume":"137","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00759","article-title":"Environmental stressors on skin aging. Mechanistic insights","volume":"10","author":"Parrado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.09.015","article-title":"The skin aging exposome","volume":"85","author":"Krutmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12690","article-title":"Role of ingestible carotenoids in skin protection: a review of clinical evidence","volume":"37","author":"Baswan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8416763","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8416763","article-title":"Oxidative stress: harms and benefits for human health","volume":"2017","author":"Pizzino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-021-00632-5","article-title":"Sunscreens and photoaging: a review of current literature","volume":"22","author":"Guan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101481","article-title":"Additive effect of combined pollutants to UV induced skin OxInflammation damage. Evaluating the protective topical application of a cosmeceutical mixture formulation","volume":"34","author":"Ferrara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S180575","article-title":"Protective effects of a novel facial cream against environmental pollution: in vivo and in vitro assessment","volume":"11","author":"Narda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.11.074","article-title":"Visible light. Part II: Photoprotection against visible and ultraviolet light","volume":"84","author":"Geisler","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S209728","article-title":"A novel water-based anti-aging suncare formulation provides multifaceted protection and repair against environmental aggressors: evidence from in vitro, ex vivo, and clinical studies","volume":"12","author":"Narda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-021-00680-z","article-title":"Exposome and skin. Part 1: Bibliometric analysis and review of the impact of exposome approaches on dermatology","volume":"12","author":"Molina-Garc\u00eda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021315","article-title":"The exposome: molecules to populations","volume":"59","author":"Niedzwiecki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8217","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-8217-2015","article-title":"Particulate matter, air quality and climate: lessons learned and future needs","volume":"15","author":"Fuzzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0475","series-title":"Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing","author":"Forster","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15583","article-title":"The impact of airborne pollution on skin","volume":"33","author":"Araviiskaia","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28730","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09280-4","article-title":"The impact of airborne pollution and exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation on skin: mechanistic and physiological insight","volume":"27","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0490","article-title":"Skin damage by tropospheric ozone","author":"Fuks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3433","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/130525","article-title":"Human skin reflects air pollution \u2013 a review of the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of environment-derived skin pathologies","volume":"30","author":"Denisow-Pietrzyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pol J Environ Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.204","article-title":"Airborne particle exposure and extrinsic skin aging","volume":"130","author":"Vierk\u00f6tter","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12111","article-title":"Photoprotection of human skin beyond ultraviolet radiation","volume":"30","author":"Grether-Beck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5615-2","article-title":"Outdoor air pollution, green space, and cancer incidence in Saxony: a semi-individual cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Datzmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2016.03.039","article-title":"Air pollution and skin diseases: adverse effects of airborne particulate matter on various skin diseases","volume":"152","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.12.045","article-title":"Traffic-related air pollution contributes to development of facial lentigines: further epidemiological evidence from Caucasians and Asians","volume":"136","author":"H\u00fcls","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14840","article-title":"The impact of air pollution on skin and related disorders: a comprehensive review","volume":"34","author":"Abolhasani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29380","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000029380","article-title":"Detrimental correlation between air pollution with skin aging in Taiwan population","volume":"101","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.038","article-title":"Oxidative contribution of air pollution to extrinsic skin ageing","volume":"151","author":"Fussell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3500","article-title":"Study of the exposome ageing-related factors in the Spanish population","volume":"100","author":"Buend\u00eda-Eisman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"S4","key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16614","article-title":"Clinical and biological impact of the exposome on the skin","volume":"34","author":"Passeron","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e105263","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105263","article-title":"Diversity of biological effects induced by longwave UVA rays (UVA1) in reconstructed skin","volume":"9","author":"Marionnet","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158243","article-title":"The damaging effects of long UVA (UVA1) rays: a major challenge to preserve skin health and integrity","volume":"23","author":"Bernerd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233709106067","article-title":"Synergistic damage by UVA radiation and pollutants","volume":"25","author":"Burke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol Ind Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12523","article-title":"High-energy visible light at ambient doses and intensities induces oxidative stress of skin \u2013 protective effects of the antioxidant and Nrf2 inducer Licochalcone A in vitro and in vivo","volume":"36","author":"Mann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.03.012","article-title":"Photoprotection of the skin from visible light-induced pigmentation: current testing methods and proposed harmonization","volume":"141","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljac046","article-title":"Photoprotection for people with skin of colour: needs and strategies","volume":"188","author":"Krutmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0580","author":"Wang","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0585","first-page":"1299","article-title":"Tropospheric ozone: an emerging environmental stress to skin","volume":"378","author":"Thiele","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800029","article-title":"Activated toxicity of diesel particulate extract by ultraviolet A radiation in mammalian cells: role of singlet oxygen","volume":"117","author":"Bao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.01.007","article-title":"Photo-pollution stress in skin: traces of pollutants (PAH and particulate matter) impair redox homeostasis in keratinocytes exposed to UVA1","volume":"86","author":"Soeur","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.09.034","article-title":"Lentigine formation in Caucasian women \u2013 interaction between particulate matter and solar UVR","volume":"139","author":"H\u00fcls","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12487","article-title":"A severe chronic outdoor urban pollution alters some facial aging signs in Chinese women. A tale of two cities","volume":"40","author":"Flament","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.199579","article-title":"Effects of air pollution on the skin: a review","volume":"83","author":"Puri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-020-00262-9","article-title":"Air pollution and skin aging","volume":"7","author":"Schikowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Environ Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics4040057","article-title":"Guidelines for formulating anti-pollution products","volume":"4","author":"Mistry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cosmetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S148597","article-title":"Redefining face contour with a novel anti-aging cosmetic product: an open-label, prospective clinical study","volume":"10","author":"Garre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0630","first-page":"361","article-title":"Evaluation of the protective and moisturizing effects of cosmetic formulations for the skin containing extracts with film-forming properties","volume":"19","author":"Penachin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Biomed Biopharm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12577","article-title":"Application of biophysical and skin imaging techniques to evaluate the film-forming effect of cosmetic formulations","volume":"41","author":"Melo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.02.009","article-title":"The role of antioxidants in photoprotection: a critical review","volume":"67","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2004.00228.x","article-title":"Topical niacinamide reduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness, and hyperpigmented spots in aging facial skin","volume":"26","author":"Bissett","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2005.31732","article-title":"Niacinamide: a B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance","volume":"31","author":"Bissett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13811","article-title":"Niacinamide and 12-hydroxystearic acid prevented benzo(a)pyrene and squalene peroxides induced hyperpigmentation in skin equivalent","volume":"28","author":"Mi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2018.1533436","article-title":"Chemical composition and skin protective effects of essential oil obtained from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)","volume":"21","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Essent Oil Bear Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s43188-021-00107-z","article-title":"Antiphotoaging properties of Zingiber montanum essential oil isolated by solvent-free microwave extraction against ultraviolet B-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts","volume":"38","author":"Navabhatra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxicol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112185","article-title":"Protective effect of the hydrophilic extract of Polypodium leucotomos Fernblock\u00ae, against the synergistic action of UVA radiation and benzo[a]pyrene pollutant","volume":"11","author":"Gallego-Rentero","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2908108","article-title":"Fernblock\u00ae upregulates NRF2 antioxidant pathway and protects keratinocytes from PM2.5-induced xenotoxic stress","volume":"2020","author":"Delgado-Wicke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0680","first-page":"108","article-title":"Ectoine \u2013 a microbial metabolite with unique biotherapeutic properties","volume":"1","author":"Kocherovets","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Cons Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9010063","article-title":"The skin-whitening effects of ectoine via the suppression of \u03b1-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis and the activation of antioxidant Nrf2 pathways in UVA-irradiated keratinocytes","volume":"9","author":"Hseu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0690","first-page":"85","article-title":"Activity of sulfated polysaccharides from microalgae Porphyridium cruentum over degenerative mechanisms of the skin","volume":"2","author":"D\u00edaz Bayona","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Sci Adv Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S408765","article-title":"Skin ageing: a progressive, multi-factorial condition demanding an integrated, multilayer-targeted remedy","volume":"16","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12622","article-title":"Attenuation of ultraviolet A-induced alterations in NIH3T3 dermal fibroblasts by melatonin","volume":"170","author":"Rezzani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0705","first-page":"488","article-title":"Melatonin for prevention of erythema and oxidative stress in response to ultraviolet radiation","volume":"27","author":"Scheuer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1239","article-title":"Topical treatment with coenzyme Q10-containing formulas improves skin's Q10 level and provides antioxidative effects","volume":"41","author":"Knott","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioFactors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7539","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147539","article-title":"Nicotinamide mononucleotide and coenzyme Q10 protects fibroblast senescence induced by particulate matter preconditioned mast cells","volume":"23","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S204905","article-title":"Skin protective effects of an antipollution, antioxidant serum containing Deschampsia antartica extract, ferulic acid and vitamin C: a controlled single-blind, prospective trial in women living in urbanized, high air pollution area","volume":"12","author":"Milani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-020-00443-2","article-title":"Night cream containing melatonin carnosine and Helichrysum italicum extract helps reduce skin reactivity and signs of photodamage: ex vivo and clinical studies","volume":"10","author":"Granger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-019-01364-x","article-title":"Carotenoids as natural functional pigments","volume":"74","author":"Maoka","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1159\/000491755","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of ferulic acid and its possible application","volume":"31","author":"Zdu\u0144ska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0740","article-title":"Expert recommendations on the evaluation of sunscreen efficacy and the beneficial role of non-filtering ingredients","volume":"9","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02732-4","article-title":"Orally administered Polypodium leucotomos extract decreases psoralen-UVA-induced phototoxicity, pigmentation, and damage of human skin","volume":"50","author":"Middelkamp-Hup","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-021-00087-x","article-title":"The potential effect of Polypodium leucotomos extract on ultraviolet- and visible light-induced photoaging","volume":"20","author":"Pourang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0755","article-title":"Booster effect of a natural extract of Polypodium leucotomos (Fernblock\u00ae) that improves the UV barrier function and immune protection capability of sunscreen formulations","volume":"8","author":"Aguilera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0760","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da efic\u00e1cia de um protetor solar contendo extrato de Polypodium leucatomos na redu\u00e7\u00e3o de danos ocasionados pela exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 radia\u00e7\u00e3o solar","volume":"11","author":"Schalka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.01.044","article-title":"The impact of oral Polypodium leucotomos extract on ultraviolet B response: a human clinical study","volume":"77","author":"Kohli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16321","article-title":"Combined exposure to UV and PM affect skin oxinflammatory responses and it is prevented by antioxidant mix topical application: evidences from clinical study","volume":"23","author":"Ferrara","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19183","article-title":"Assessment of the protective effect against air pollution-induced skin pigmentation of an oral nutritional supplement containing antioxidants: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study","volume":"37","author":"Marini","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025_bib0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.29219\/fnr.v65.5619","article-title":"Antioxidant and reduced skin-ageing effects of a polyphenol-enriched dietary supplement in response to air pollution: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"65","author":"Nobile","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Nutr Res"}],"container-title":["Actas Dermo-Sifiliogr\u00e1ficas"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001731025001000?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001731025001000?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:32:17Z","timestamp":1762075937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001731025001000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0001731025001000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-7310"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-7310","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pollution, a Relevant Exposome Factor in Skin Aging and the Role of Multi-benefit Photoprotection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Actas Dermo-Sifiliogr\u00e1ficas","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ad.2024.11.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 AEDV. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}