{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:17:42Z","timestamp":1782865062974,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T15:31:41Z","timestamp":1365089501000},"page":"2445-2449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Purple drank prevalence and characteristics of misusers of codeine cough syrup mixtures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Agnich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Stogner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan Lee","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine D.","family":"Marcum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0010","series-title":"St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture","article-title":"Gangsta rap","author":"Abrams","year":"2000"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1177\/089124302237892","article-title":"Openly gay athletes: Contesting hegemonic masculinity in a homophobic environment","volume":"16","author":"Anderson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gender and Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0020","first-page":"507","article-title":"Deafness associated with acetaminophen and codeine abuse","volume":"37","author":"Blakley","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Otolaryngology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300261","article-title":"Sexual orientation and substance abuse among adolescents and young adults","volume":"102","author":"Brewster","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0030","author":"CBSNews"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-012-9789-0","article-title":"Association of contextual factors with drug use and binge drinking among White, Native American, and Mixed-Race adolescents in the general population","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2005.11.009","article-title":"Characteristics of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals entering substance abuse treatment","volume":"30","author":"Cochran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.009","article-title":"Major increases in opioid analgesic abuse in the United States","volume":"81","author":"Compton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.12.019","article-title":"Sexual orientation and drug use in a longitudinal cohort study of U.S. adolescents","volume":"35","author":"Corliss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089109058920","article-title":"Indices of drug misuse for prescription drugs","volume":"26","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"International Journal of Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0060","series-title":"Leaning on syrup: The misuse of opioid cough syrup in Houston, Texas","author":"Elwood","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2001.10400477","article-title":"Sticky business: Patterns of procurement and misuse of prescription cough syrup in Houston","volume":"33","author":"Elwood","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0070","series-title":"Outside the Lines","article-title":"Johnny Jolly, a tale of addiction","author":"ESPN","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199612000-00011","article-title":"Involvement of codeine in drug-related deaths","volume":"17","author":"Gerostamoulos","year":"1996","journal-title":"The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1353\/scu.2006.0045","article-title":"\u2018The South Got Something to Say\u2019: Atlanta's Dirty South and the Southernization of Hip-Hop America","volume":"12","author":"Grem","year":"2006","journal-title":"Southern Cultures"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.86.2.221","article-title":"Should promethazine in liquid form be available without prescription?","volume":"86","author":"Hickson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.011","article-title":"Decreased striatal dopamine transporters in codeine-containing cough syrup abusers","volume":"118","author":"Hou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013669705086","article-title":"Substance use and abuse in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations","volume":"22","author":"Hughes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Primary Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.05.009","article-title":"Substance abuse and mental health disparities: Comparisons across sexual identity groups in a national sample of Australian women","volume":"71","author":"Hughes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1525\/sp.2005.52.3.360","article-title":"Gangstas, thugs, and hustlas: Identity and the code of the street in rap music","volume":"52","author":"Kubrin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0110","first-page":"1375","article-title":"Cough mixture misuse in Hong Kong\u2014An emerging psychiatric problem?","volume":"91","author":"Lam","year":"1996","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1997.tb02898.x","article-title":"Abuse of codeine-containing cough syrups: A report from India","volume":"92","author":"Mattoo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0120","first-page":"1946","article-title":"The relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States","volume":"100","author":"McCabe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Research and Practice"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(89)90075-0","article-title":"Alcohol and drug use among homosexual men and women: Epidemiology and population characteristics","volume":"14","author":"McKirnan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0130","series-title":"Power at play: Sports and the problem of masculinity","author":"Messner","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0135","series-title":"Sport, Men, and the Gender Order: Critical Feminist Perspectives","year":"1990"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2012.723956","article-title":"Measuring novel drug perceptions: Salvia Divinorum, gender, and peer delinquency","volume":"48","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.05.005","article-title":"Unmet need for treatment for substance use disorders across race and ethnicity","volume":"125","author":"Mulvaney-Day","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490601186246","article-title":"Codeine cough syrup use among sexually active, African-American high school youths: Why southern males are down to have sex","volume":"16","author":"Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"The American Journal on Addictions"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2190\/NXJ6-U60J-XTY0-09MP","article-title":"Beliefs and social norms about codeine and promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup (CPHCS) onset and perceived addiction among Houstonian adolescents: An addiction trend in the city of lean","volume":"33","author":"Peters","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/15332641003772702","article-title":"The association of drug use and post-traumatic stress reactions due to Hurricane Ike among Fifth Ward Houstonian youth","volume":"9","author":"Peters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2007.10399868","article-title":"Codeine cough syrup use among African-American crack cocaine users","volume":"39","author":"Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2007.10400614","article-title":"Beliefs and social norms about codeine and promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup (CPHCS) use and addiction among multi-ethnic college students","volume":"39","author":"Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0175","series-title":"One of the boys: Masculinity, homophobia, and modern manhood","author":"Plummer","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0180","series-title":"Milwaukee, Wisconsin Journal Sentinel","article-title":"\u2018Packer people\u2019 still relevant, fans say","author":"Reischel","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0185","series-title":"The Houston Chronicle","article-title":"Cough syrup found in Pimp C's hotel had no label","author":"Rieken","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199908000-00015","article-title":"Long-term codeine use is associated with depressive symptoms","volume":"19","author":"Romach","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0195","series-title":"USA Today","article-title":"JaMarcus Russell case shows danger behind \u2018purple drank\u2019","author":"Saraceno","year":"2010"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280504400702","article-title":"Adolescent abuse of dextromethorphan","volume":"44","author":"Schwartz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0205","series-title":"The Guardian UK","article-title":"DJ Screw: From cough syrup to full blown fever","author":"Serwer","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2008.36.1.135","article-title":"Beliefs about cough medicine abuse among Chinese young people in Hong Kong","volume":"36","author":"Shek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Social Behavior and Personality"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(88)90038-5","article-title":"A comparison of alcohol and drug use patterns of homosexual and heterosexual men: The San Francisco men's health study","volume":"22","author":"Stall","year":"1988","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0005","series-title":"Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-38A, HHS Publication No. SMA 10-4856Findings","article-title":"Results from the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Volume I. Summary of National Findings","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)","year":"2010"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.02953.x","article-title":"Sexual orientation and substance use trajectories in emerging adulthood","volume":"105","author":"Talley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Society of the Study of Addiction"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020_bb0225","first-page":"129","article-title":"Codeine containing cough syrup addiction in Assam and Nagaland","volume":"36","author":"Wairagkar","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460313000920?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460313000920?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,13]],"date-time":"2022-02-13T02:33:00Z","timestamp":1644719580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306460313000920"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306460313000920"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4603","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Purple drank prevalence and characteristics of misusers of codeine cough syrup mixtures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Addictive Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.03.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}