{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:28:26Z","timestamp":1790015306164,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,28]],"date-time":"2014-05-28T06:05:07Z","timestamp":1401257107000},"page":"1441-1446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Beliefs and attitudes regarding drug treatment: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in African-American cocaine users"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Brenda M.","family":"Booth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine E.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey M.","family":"Curran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Cheney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyrone F.","family":"Borders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0005","first-page":"208","article-title":"A framework for the study of access to medical care","volume":"9","author":"Aday","year":"1974","journal-title":"Health Services Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T","article-title":"The theory of planned behavior","volume":"50","author":"Ajzen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.27","article-title":"Nature and operation of attitudes","volume":"52","author":"Ajzen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x","article-title":"Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior","volume":"32","author":"Ajzen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1995.tb02623.x","article-title":"Identifying salient beliefs about leisure activities: Frequency of elicitation versus response latency","volume":"25","author":"Ajzen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","article-title":"Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change","volume":"84","author":"Bandura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.37.2.122","article-title":"Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency","volume":"37","author":"Bandura","year":"1982","journal-title":"The American Psychologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2000.61.267","article-title":"Rural at-risk drinkers: Correlates and one-year use of alcoholism treatment services","volume":"61","author":"Booth","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2006.67.493","article-title":"Correlates of rural methamphetamine and cocaine users: Results from a multistate community study","volume":"67","author":"Booth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1080\/08995605.2011.534417","article-title":"The Theory of Planned Behavior and reserve component veteran treatment seeking","volume":"23","author":"Britt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Military Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/08897070903442459","article-title":"Predictors of substance abuse treatment entry among rural illicit stimulant users in Ohio, Arkansas, and Kentucky","volume":"31","author":"Carlson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Substance Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01685.x","article-title":"Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: A review and avenues for further research","volume":"28","author":"Connor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.69.5.990","article-title":"Drinking to regulate positive and negative emotions: A motivational model of alcohol use","volume":"69","author":"Cooper","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-8525.2005.00008.x","article-title":"Cracking the cornfields: Recruiting illicit stimulant drug users in rural Ohio","volume":"46","author":"Draus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sociology Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0075","series-title":"Data analysis using regression and multilevel\/hierarchical models New York","author":"Gelman","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-11.2.87","article-title":"The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors","volume":"11","author":"Godin","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Health Promotion: AJHP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.24.1.3","article-title":"A meta-analytic review of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior in physical activity: Predictive validity and the contribution of additional variables","volume":"24","author":"Hagger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.005","article-title":"Development of a readiness ruler for use with alcohol brief interventions","volume":"1","author":"Heather","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.2307\/3096941","article-title":"Respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of hidden populations","volume":"44","author":"Heckathorn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1525\/sp.2002.49.1.11","article-title":"Respondent-driven sampling II: Deriving valid population estimates from chain-referral samples of hidden populations","volume":"49","author":"Heckathorn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014528612685","article-title":"Extension of respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of injection drug users aged 18\u201325","volume":"6","author":"Heckathorn","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1080\/09652149835008","article-title":"Effects of readiness for drug abuse treatment on client retention and assessment of process","volume":"93","author":"Joe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1997.58.155","article-title":"Predictors of help seeking among a longitudinal sample of the general population, 1984\u20131992","volume":"58","author":"Kaskutas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.11.006","article-title":"Readiness to change, drinking, and negative consequences among Polish SBIRT patients","volume":"37","author":"Korcha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addictive Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0125","series-title":"Social epidemiology","first-page":"36","article-title":"Discrimination and health","author":"Krieger","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxh009","article-title":"\u201cBodies count,\u201d and body counts: Social epidemiology and embodying inequality","volume":"26","author":"Krieger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epidemiologic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.024","article-title":"Marijuana expectancies and relationships with adolescent and adult marijuana use","volume":"126","author":"Kristjansson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.2307\/2955424","article-title":"On stigma and its consequences: Evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse","volume":"38","author":"Link","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.11.021","article-title":"Modeling the activation of tobacco smoking expectancies in memory in relation to use patterns","volume":"37","author":"Linkovich-Kyle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269702700405","article-title":"Desire for help among African-American drug users","volume":"27","author":"Longshore","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.06.011","article-title":"Treatment motivation in drug users: A theory-based analysis","volume":"81","author":"Longshore","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024136","article-title":"A comparison of the concurrent and predictive validity of three measures of readiness to change alcohol use in a clinical sample of adolescents","volume":"23","author":"Maisto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.1.77","article-title":"Perceived need and help-seeking in adults with mood, anxiety, or substance use disorders","volume":"59","author":"Mojtabai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-120001286","article-title":"Predictive validity of a measure of treatment readiness for out-of-treatment drug users: Enhancing prediction beyond demographic and drug history variables","volume":"28","author":"Neff","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1081\/JA-120002480","article-title":"Drug problem recognition, desire for help, and treatment readiness in a soup kitchen population","volume":"37","author":"Nwakeze","year":"2002","journal-title":"Substance Use and Misuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.012","article-title":"Improving linkage with substance abuse treatment using brief case management and motivational interviewing","volume":"1","author":"Rapp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2003.08.024","article-title":"The Cocaine Effects Questionnaire for patient populations: Development and psychometric properties","volume":"29","author":"Rohsenow","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0190","series-title":"SAS version 9.3 In","author":"SAS Institute Inc.","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00192-8","article-title":"Predictors of drug abuse treatment entry among crack-cocaine smokers","volume":"1","author":"Siegal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.104.1.32","article-title":"Expectancy for social facilitation from drinking: The divergent paths of high-expectancy and low-expectancy adolescents","volume":"104","author":"Smith","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.58.10.1358","article-title":"An assessment of beliefs about mental health care among veterans who served in Iraq","volume":"58","author":"Stecker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0210","series-title":"SAMHSA's latest national survey on drug use & health","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01679.x","article-title":"Predicting and explaining intentions and behavior: How well are we doing?","volume":"28","author":"Sutton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0220","series-title":"International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences","first-page":"6499","article-title":"Health behavior: Psychosocial theories","author":"Sutton","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0225","series-title":"2006\u20132010 American Community Survey","author":"U.S. Census Bureau","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1998.59.409","article-title":"Alcohol outcome expectancies, attitudes toward drinking and the theory of planned behavior","volume":"59","author":"Wall","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2006.06.031","article-title":"Respondent-driven sampling in the recruitment of illicit stimulant drug users in a rural setting: Findings and technical issues","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-2-10","article-title":"African-American crack abusers and drug treatment initiation: Barriers and effects of a pretreatment intervention","volume":"2","author":"Wechsberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01677.x","article-title":"The alcohol treatment-seeking process from a problems perspective: Responses to events","volume":"85","author":"Weisner","year":"1990","journal-title":"British Journal of Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860802120797","article-title":"Intentions to seek (preventive) psychological help among older adults: An application of the theory of planned behaviour","volume":"12","author":"Westerhof","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aging and Mental Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/713667453","article-title":"Racism and mental health: The African American experience","volume":"5","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ethnicity and Health"}],"container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460314001610?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460314001610?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T20:53:59Z","timestamp":1538600039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306460314001610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306460314001610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4603","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Beliefs and attitudes regarding drug treatment: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in African-American cocaine users","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Addictive Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}