{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:14:47Z","timestamp":1790518487898,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T10:39:56Z","timestamp":1401705596000},"page":"1471-1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The mediating role of depressive symptoms in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and smoking"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth G.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie W.","family":"Cawthon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.03.015","article-title":"Building a framework for global surveillance of the public health implications of adverse childhood experiences","volume":"39","author":"Anda","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.17.1652","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and smoking during adolescence and adulthood","volume":"282","author":"Anda","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03113.x","article-title":"Declining alternative reinforcers link depression to young adult smoking","volume":"106","author":"Audrain-McGovern","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.065912","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and depression: Tests of causal linkages using a longitudinal birth cohort","volume":"196","author":"Boden","year":"2010","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.2.161","article-title":"Major depression and stages of smoking: A longitudinal investigation","volume":"55","author":"Breslau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199803000-00018","article-title":"Longitudinal study of co-occurring psychiatric disorders and substance use","volume":"37","author":"Brook","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.06.021","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of premature mortality","volume":"37","author":"Brown","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199612000-00011","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, major depression, and other psychiatric disorders among adolescents","volume":"35","author":"Brown","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0055","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0075","series-title":"Fact sheets: Smoking and tobacco use","article-title":"Adult cigarette smoking in the United States: Current estimate","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0060","series-title":"Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Data","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0065","series-title":"Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey questionnaire","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0070","series-title":"Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System codebook","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2010"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2010.07.002","article-title":"Use of cigarettes to improve affect and depressive symptoms in a longitudinal study of adolescents","volume":"35","author":"Chaiton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2003.12.013","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood","volume":"82","author":"Chapman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(90)90033-P","article-title":"Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall","volume":"14","author":"Della Femina","year":"1990","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.01.008","article-title":"The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction","volume":"28","author":"Dong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.08.009","article-title":"Assessing the reliability of retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences among adult HMO members attending a primary care clinic","volume":"28","author":"Dube","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/06-110","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and smoking persistence in adults with smoking-related symptoms and illness","volume":"11","author":"Edwards","year":"2007","journal-title":"Permanente Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1998.93343311.x","article-title":"The relationship between depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking in U.S. adolescents","volume":"93","author":"Escobedo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8","article-title":"Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) study","volume":"14","author":"Felitti","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.9668617.x","article-title":"Psychopathology in adolescence substance use in young adulthood","volume":"96","author":"Ferdinand","year":"2001","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0130","series-title":"Statistical methods for rates and proportions","author":"Fleiss","year":"1981"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004755","article-title":"Genetic and environmental risk factors for depression assessed by subject rated symptom check list versus structured clinical interview","volume":"31","author":"Foley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2011.06.015","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and smoking status in five states","volume":"53","author":"Ford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00218.x","article-title":"Validity of adult retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences: Review of the evidence","volume":"45","author":"Hardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0150","series-title":"Depression in children and adolescents","first-page":"639","article-title":"Child abuse and neglect and the development of depression in children and adolescents","author":"Harkness","year":"2008"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2006.00409.x","article-title":"Using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to measure depression among racially and ethnically diverse primary care patients","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(02)00026-6","article-title":"The prevalence, clinical relevance, and public health significance of subthreshold depressions","volume":"25","author":"Judd","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0165","series-title":"Multiple regression and beyond","author":"Keith","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2003.00445.x","article-title":"Smoke or fog? The usefulness of retrospectively reported information about smoking","volume":"98","author":"Kenkel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj058","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and incidence of first depressive episode: An 11-year, population-based follow-up study","volume":"163","author":"Klungsoyr","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.026","article-title":"The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population","volume":"114","author":"Kroenke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal Of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(95)00032-1","article-title":"Investigation of mechanisms linking depressed mood to nicotine dependence","volume":"21","author":"Lerman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb8000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.07.004","article-title":"Internalizing problems: A potential pathway from child maltreatment to adolescent smoking","volume":"48","author":"Lewis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.3.520","article-title":"Long-term stability of depression, anxiety, and stress syndromes","volume":"107","author":"Lovibond","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2004.02.048","article-title":"Reinforcement expectations explain the relationship between depressive history and smoking status in college students","volume":"29","author":"McChargue","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03002.x","article-title":"Association of adolescent symptoms of depression and anxiety with daily smoking and nicotine dependence in young adulthood: Findings from a 10-year longitudinal study","volume":"105","author":"McKenzie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0210","first-page":"S03","article-title":"Reliability and validity of measures from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)","volume":"46","author":"Nelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sozial- und Pr\u00e4ventivmedizin\/Social and Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.046706","article-title":"Tobacco smoking as a risk factor for major depressive disorder: Population-based study","volume":"193","author":"Pasco","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2005.0144.x","article-title":"Assessing depression in primary care with the PHQ-9: Can it be carried out over the telephone?","volume":"20","author":"Pinto-Meza","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1987.tb00295.x","article-title":"The effects of a psychological stressor on cigarette smoking and subsequent behavioral and physiological responses","volume":"24","author":"Pomerleau","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206553","article-title":"SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models","volume":"36","author":"Preacher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879","article-title":"Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models","volume":"40","author":"Preacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.24.2.209","article-title":"A longitudinal study of the relationship between depressive symptoms and cigarette use among African American adolescents","volume":"24","author":"Repetto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.57.5.507-512","article-title":"The role of depression and negative affect regulation expectancies in tobacco smoking among college students","volume":"57","author":"Schleicher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsp119","article-title":"Child maltreatment and adult cigarette smoking: A long-term developmental model","volume":"35","author":"Topitzes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490080408","article-title":"Recovered memories of abuse in women with documented child sexual victimization histories","volume":"8","author":"Williams","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma and Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020_bb7000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2010.12.007","article-title":"The traumatic stress response in child maltreatment and resultant neuropsychological effects","volume":"16","author":"Wilson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"}],"container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460314001695?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460314001695?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T18:57:17Z","timestamp":1538593037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306460314001695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306460314001695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4603","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The mediating role of depressive symptoms in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and smoking","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Addictive Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}