{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T02:23:55Z","timestamp":1782354235471,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FN 33CSC0-122679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FN 33CSC0-122679"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FN 33CS30_139467"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FN 33CS30_139467"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FN 33CS30_148493"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FN 33CS30_148493"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T02:28:23Z","timestamp":1597285703000},"page":"106609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Curvilinear associations between sexual orientation and problematic substance use, behavioural addictions and mental health among young Swiss men"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Wicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Marmet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Studer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Epaulard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Gmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/0959523031000154454","article-title":"A prototype screening instrument for cannabis use disorder: The Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test (CUDIT) in an alcohol-dependent clinical sample","volume":"22","author":"Adamson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0010","article-title":"Linking big five personality traits to sexuality and sexual health: A meta-analytic review","volume":"1081\u20131110","author":"Allen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5\u00ae): American Psychiatric Pub.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9450.2012.00947.x","article-title":"Development of a work addiction scale","volume":"53","author":"Andreassen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.308","article-title":"Revising the cannabis Use disorders identification test (CUDIT) by means of item response theory","volume":"19","author":"Annaheim","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1177\/1529100616637616","article-title":"Sexual orientation, controversy, and science","volume":"17","author":"Bailey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychological Science in the Public Interest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.54.3.306","article-title":"Adaptation to sexual orientation stigma: A comparison of bisexual and lesbian\/gay adults","volume":"54","author":"Balsam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0529-3","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) as depression severity scale using the LEAD (Longitudinal Expert Assessment of All Data) as index of validity","volume":"15","author":"Bech","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2001.tb00294.x","article-title":"How can I deal with missing data in my study?","volume":"25","author":"Bennett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.009","article-title":"Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research","volume":"4","author":"Billieux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-016-0304-1","article-title":"Evidence and knowledge gaps on the disease burden in sexual and gender minorities: A review of systematic reviews","volume":"15","author":"Blondeel","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal for Equity in Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2011.598404","article-title":"International differences in alcohol use according to sexual orientation","volume":"32","author":"Bloomfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"Substance Abuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2011-050181","article-title":"A systematic review of the aetiology of tobacco disparities for sexual minorities","volume":"22","author":"Blosnich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tobacco Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0070","article-title":"Links between sexuality, impulsivity, compulsivity, and addiction in a large sample of university students","volume":"1\u20137","author":"Blum","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS Spectrums"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0075","series-title":"Introduction to meta-analysis","author":"Borenstein","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2008.152942","article-title":"Dimensions of sexual orientation and the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in the United States","volume":"100","author":"Bostwick","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2014.889754","article-title":"\u2018Just a little hint\u2019: Bisexual-specific microaggressions and their connection to epistemic injustices","volume":"16","author":"Bostwick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Culture, Health & Sexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02184","article-title":"Problematic gaming and internet use but not gambling may be overrepresented in sexual minorities\u2013a pilot population web survey study","volume":"9","author":"Broman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0095","series-title":"In the shadows of the net: Breaking free of compulsive online sexual behavior","author":"Carnes","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.09.020","article-title":"Bisexual individuals are at greater risk of poor mental health than lesbians and gay men: The mediating role of sexual identity stress at multiple levels","volume":"260","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of affective disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0105","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. In N. J. Hillsdale, editors (second ed.). L. Erlbaum Associates."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160008400205","article-title":"Cybersex users, abusers, and compulsives: New findings and implications","volume":"7","author":"Cooper","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0115","unstructured":"Copen, C. E., Chandra, A., & Febo-Vazquez, I. (2016). Sexual behavior, sexual attraction, and sexual orientation among adults aged 18-44 in the United States: Data from the 2011\u20132013 national survey of family growth. National Health Statistics Reports 88, 1\u201314."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/1468199031000153900","article-title":"The internet sex screening test: A comparison of sexual compulsives versus non-sexual compulsives","volume":"18","author":"Delmonico","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sexual and Relationship Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0125","first-page":"532","article-title":"Differences in substance use between sexual orientations in a multi-country sample: Findings from the Global Drug Survey 2015","volume":"39","author":"Demant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12958","article-title":"Harmless? A hierarchical analysis of poppers use correlates among young gay and bisexual men","volume":"38","author":"Demant","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4901_13","article-title":"The satisfaction with life scale","volume":"49","author":"Diener","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0140","first-page":"763","article-title":"Nicotine addiction and its assessment","volume":"69","author":"Fagerstr\u00f6m","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ear, Nose & Throat Journal"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/10720162.2017.1287612","article-title":"Cybersex addiction among college students: A prevalence study","volume":"24","author":"Giordano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X15666161117151148","article-title":"When \u201cchems\u201d meet sex: A rising phenomenon called \u201cchemsex\u201d","volume":"15","author":"Giorgetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0155","first-page":"1","article-title":"Being in the closet. Correlates of outness among MSM in 13 European cities","author":"Gios","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Homosexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.10.008","article-title":"Chemsex, risk behaviours and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Dublin, Ireland","volume":"52","author":"Glynn","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Drug Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1024\/0939-5911.a000380","article-title":"The Swiss cohort study on substance use risk factors\u2013findings of two waves","volume":"61","author":"Gmel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sucht"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2006.02.005","article-title":"Sexual orientation of men with pathological gambling: Prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity in a treatment-seeking sample","volume":"47","author":"Grant","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.491884","article-title":"Introduction to behavioral addictions","volume":"36","author":"Grant","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2017.1317467","article-title":"Psychosocial risk and protective factors for depression among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer youth: A systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Hall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Homosexuality"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.037","article-title":"Smartphone use and smartphone addiction among young people in Switzerland","volume":"4","author":"Haug","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0190","unstructured":"Health Promotion Switzerland Geschlechtliche und sexuelle Minderheiten in Gesundheitsf\u00f6rderung und Pr\u00e4vention \u2013 Faktenblatt 19 [Sexual and sexual minorities in health promotion and prevention \u2013 factsheet 19] Retrieved from Bern 2017."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x","article-title":"The Fagerstr\u00f6m test for nicotine dependence: A revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire","volume":"86","author":"Heatherton","year":"1991","journal-title":"British Journal of Addiction"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.05.009","article-title":"Substance abuse and mental health disparities: Comparisons across sexual identity groups in a national sample of young Australian women","volume":"71","author":"Hughes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107619","article-title":"Sexual orientation and gender identity disparities in substance use disorders during young adulthood in a United States longitudinal cohort","volume":"205","author":"Jun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13763","article-title":"How can we conceptualize behavioural addiction without pathologizing common behaviours?","volume":"112","author":"Kardefelt-Winther","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-8-70","article-title":"A systematic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self harm in lesbian, gay and bisexual people","volume":"8","author":"King","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0220","series-title":"Sexual behavior in the human male","author":"Kinsey","year":"1948"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1300\/J082v11n01_04","article-title":"Sexual orientation: A multi-variable dynamic process","volume":"11","author":"Klein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Homosexuality"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2002.63.263","article-title":"Alcohol abuse and dependence among US college students","volume":"63","author":"Knight","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083558","article-title":"The smartphone addiction scale: Development and validation of a short version for adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Kwon","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000369","article-title":"Differences in sexual identity dimensions between bisexual and other sexual minority individuals: Implications for minority stress and mental health","volume":"89","author":"la Roi","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cky023","article-title":"A socioecological measurement of homophobia for all countries and its public health impact","volume":"28","author":"Lamontagne","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2019.02.018","article-title":"Substance-Linked Sex in Heterosexual, Homosexual, and Bisexual Men and Women: An Online, Cross-Sectional \u201cGlobal Drug Survey\u201d Report","volume":"16","author":"Lawn","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/15213260802669458","article-title":"Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents","volume":"12","author":"Lemmens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Media Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.11.014","article-title":"Chemsex behaviours among men who have sex with men: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Maxwell","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Drug Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.01.009","article-title":"Is compulsive internet use related to sensitivity to reward and punishment, and impulsivity?","volume":"26","author":"Meerkerk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2008.0181","article-title":"The compulsive internet use scale (CIUS): Some psychometric properties","volume":"12","author":"Meerkerk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology & Behavior"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.5.674","article-title":"Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence","volume":"129","author":"Meyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0280","series-title":"The health of sexual minorities","first-page":"242","article-title":"Prejudice and discrimination as social stressors","author":"Meyer","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1300\/J159v02n04_03","article-title":"Examining the existence of biphobia in the heterosexual and homosexual populations","volume":"2","author":"Mulick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Bisexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0290","series-title":"Paper presented at the Forum M\u00e9dical Suisse","article-title":"Comment aborder la question du sexe dans l'anamn\u00e8se des personnes homo ou bisexuelles? [How to address the issue of sex in the anamnesis of homosexuals or bisexuals?]","author":"Nu\u00f1ez","year":"2011"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/15299716.2011.571986","article-title":"Deconstructing biphobia","volume":"11","author":"Obradors-Campos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Bisexuality"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/15299716.2011.571983","article-title":"Why we need to \u201cget bi\u201d","volume":"11","author":"Ochs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Bisexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.11.012","article-title":"The curvilinear effects of sexual orientation on young adult substance use","volume":"66","author":"Parnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2016.0026","article-title":"Measuring sexual and gender minority populations in health surveillance","volume":"4","author":"Patterson","year":"2017","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0315","first-page":"283","article-title":"Suizidalit\u00e4t und psychische Gesundheit von homo-und bisexuellen M\u00e4nnern und Frauen: Eine Metaanalyse internationaler Zufallsstichproben","volume":"38","author":"Pl\u00f6derl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Verhaltenstherapie & Psychosoziale Praxis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2015.1083949","article-title":"Mental health of sexual minorities. A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Pl\u00f6derl","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Review of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.1355","article-title":"Smoothing using fractional polynomials: An alternative to polynomials and splines in applied research","volume":"7","author":"Regier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0330","article-title":"Variations in gambling disorder symptomatology across sexual identity among college student-athletes","volume":"1\u201314","author":"Richard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Gambling Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.1.69.34801","article-title":"Poppers: Epidemiology and clinical management of inhaled nitrite abuse","volume":"24","author":"Romanelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2017.1387755","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and anxiety among bisexual people compared to gay, lesbian, and heterosexual individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Ross","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Sex Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0345","first-page":"429","article-title":"Regression using fractional polynomials of continuous covariates: Parsimonious parametric modelling","volume":"43","author":"Royston","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Royston, P., & Sauerbrei, W. (2008). Multivariable model-building: a pragmatic approach to regression analysis based on fractional polynomials for modelling continuous variables (Vol. 777): John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470770771"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2018.0241","article-title":"A systematic review of characteristics of nonprobability community venue samples of sexual minority individuals and associated methods for assessing selection bias","volume":"6","author":"Salway","year":"2019","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savin-Williams, R. C. (2016). Sexual orientation: Categories or continuum? Commentary on Bailey et al.(2016). Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 17(2), 37\u201344. doi:10.1177\/1529100616637618.","DOI":"10.1177\/1529100616637618"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800102","article-title":"Multiple imputation: A primer","volume":"8","author":"Schafer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Statistical Methods in Medical Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053363","article-title":"The Denominator problem: Estimating the size of local populations of men-who-have-sex-with-men and rates of HIV and other STIs in Switzerland","volume":"95","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/10673220490905705","article-title":"Toward a syndrome model of addiction: Multiple expressions, common etiology","volume":"12","author":"Shaffer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Harvard Review of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13827","article-title":"Life-time risk of mortality due to different levels of alcohol consumption in seven European countries: Implications for low-risk drinking guidelines","volume":"112","author":"Shield","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0385","unstructured":"StataCorp (2017). Stata Statistical Software: Release 15. College Station, TX: StataCorp LLC."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.029","article-title":"Examining non-response bias in substance use research\u2014Are late respondents proxies for non-respondents?","volume":"132","author":"Studer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2013.74.931","article-title":"Need for informed consent in substance use studies\u2014harm of bias?","volume":"74","author":"Studer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1080\/16066350310001637363","article-title":"The exercise addiction inventory: A new brief screening tool","volume":"12","author":"Terry","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addiction Research and Theory"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017334","article-title":"Tobacco, marijuana, and sensation seeking: Comparisons across gay, lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual groups","volume":"23","author":"Trocki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2014.883589","article-title":"Psychological and physical health of mostly heterosexuals: A systematic review","volume":"51","author":"Vrangalova","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Sex Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2014.05.001","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders, suicidality, and personality among young men by sexual orientation","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0420","series-title":"User\u2019s Manual for the SF-12v2\u00ae Health Survey With a Supplement Documenting SF-12\u00ae Health Survey) Lincoln","first-page":"2009","author":"Ware","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609_b0425","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2014). Indicator Code Book. Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) (W. H. Organization Ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO)."}],"container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460320307395?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460320307395?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T18:43:05Z","timestamp":1759689785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306460320307395"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["S0306460320307395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4603","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Curvilinear associations between sexual orientation and problematic substance use, behavioural addictions and mental health among young Swiss men","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Addictive Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106609","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106609"}}