{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:55:11Z","timestamp":1788580511179,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T11:52:33Z","timestamp":1663933953000},"page":"107500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Predictors of electronic cigarette dependence among non-smoking electronic cigarette users: User behavior and device characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3823-6935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley E.","family":"Douglas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Felicione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret G.","family":"Childers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric K.","family":"Soule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa D.","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0005","first-page":"204","article-title":"Smoke and vapor: Exploring the terminology landscape among electronic cigarette users. Tobacco Regulatory","volume":"2","author":"Alexander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.).","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0015","article-title":"Nearly eight-in-ten Reddit users get news on the site","volume":"25","author":"Barthel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pew Research Center"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpr057","article-title":"Evaluating online labor markets for experimental research: Amazon.com\u2019s Mechanical Turk","volume":"20","author":"Berinsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Political Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blank, M. D., Pearson, J., Cobb, C. O., Felicione, N. J., Hiler, M. M., Spindle, T. R., & Breland, A. (2020). What factors reliably predict electronic cigarette nicotine delivery? Tobacco Control, tobaccocontrol-2019-055193. Doi: 10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2019-055193.","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2019-055193"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.11.015","article-title":"Measuring e-cigarette dependence: Initial guidance","volume":"79","author":"Bold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16122135","article-title":"Evidence of nicotine dependence in adolescents who use Juul and similar pod devices","volume":"16","author":"Boykan","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab050","article-title":"Validating e-cigarette dependence scales based on dynamic patterns of vaping behaviors","volume":"23","author":"Buu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7111a1","article-title":"Tobacco Product Use Among Adults\u2014United States, 2020","volume":"71","author":"Cornelius","year":"2022","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0050","article-title":"Prevalence of young adult vaping, substance vaped, and purchase location across five categories of vaping devices","volume":"ntaa232","author":"Cwalina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-055727","article-title":"Online popularity of JUUL and Puff Bars in the USA: 2019\u20132020","volume":"31","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tobacco Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107117","article-title":"E-cigarette device and liquid characteristics and E-cigarette dependence: A pilot study of pod-based and disposable E-cigarette users","volume":"124","author":"Do","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.107161","article-title":"Device features and user behaviors as predictors of dependence among never-smoking electronic cigarette users: PATH wave 4","volume":"125","author":"Douglas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.04.021","article-title":"Changes in e-cigarette use behaviors and dependence in long-term e-cigarette users","volume":"57","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.18001\/TRS.6.6.5","article-title":"Variable voltage, tank-style ENDS do not always deliver nicotine","volume":"6","author":"Eversole","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tobacco Regulatory Science"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7928","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18157928","article-title":"\u201cDon\u2019t know\u201d responses for nicotine vaping product features among adult vapers: Findings from the 2018 and 2020 ITC four country smoking and vaping surveys","volume":"18","author":"Felicione","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu204","article-title":"Development of a questionnaire for assessing dependence on electronic cigarettes among a large sample of ex-smoking e-cigarette users","volume":"17","author":"Foulds","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0090","article-title":"The role of nicotine and flavor in the abuse potential and appeal of electronic cigarettes for adult current and former cigarette and electronic cigarette users: A systematic review","volume":"ntac073","author":"Gades","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2019.80.134","article-title":"Distinguishing characteristics of e-cigarette users who attempt and fail to quit: Dependence, perceptions, and affective vulnerability","volume":"80","author":"Garey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.04.009","article-title":"Electronic cigarette liquid and device parameters and aerosol characteristics: A survey of regular users","volume":"84","author":"Harvanko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1037\/pha0000337","article-title":"Effects of electronic cigarette heating coil resistance and liquid nicotine concentration on user nicotine delivery, heart rate, subjective effects, puff topography, and liquid consumption","volume":"28","author":"Hiler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E06","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd19.210255","article-title":"Intentions and attempts to quit JUUL e-cigarette use: The role of perceived harm and addiction","volume":"19","author":"Hobkirk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Preventing Chronic Disease"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2018-054382","article-title":"Vaping versus JUULing: How the extraordinary growth and marketing of JUUL transformed the US retail e-cigarette market","volume":"28","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tobacco Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.105770","article-title":"The cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarettes: A systematic review of experimental studies","volume":"127","author":"Kennedy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klemperer, E. M., Hughes, J. R., Callas, P. W., West, J. C., & Villanti, A. C. (2021). Tobacco and nicotine use among US adult \u201cnever smokers\u201d in wave 4 (2016\u20132018) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, ntab009. Doi: 10.1093\/ntr\/ntab009.","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0130","article-title":"Disposable e-cigarette use prevalence, correlates, and associations with previous tobacco product use in young adults","volume":"ntab165","author":"Leventhal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5846","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19105846","article-title":"Nicotine dependence from different e-cigarette devices and combustible cigarettes among US adolescent and young adult users","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntz043","article-title":"How does smoking and nicotine dependence change after onset of vaping? A retrospective analysis of dual users","volume":"22","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.01.017","article-title":"How and why California young adults are using different brands of pod-type electronic cigarettes in 2019: Implications for researchers and regulators","volume":"67","author":"McKelvey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.06.027","article-title":"Comparing cigarette and e-cigarette dependence and predicting frequency of smoking and e-cigarette use in dual-users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes","volume":"87","author":"Morean","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.08.031","article-title":"Development and psychometric validation of a novel measure of sensory expectancies associated with E-cigarette use","volume":"91","author":"Morean","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx271","article-title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the E-cigarette Dependence Scale","volume":"21","author":"Morean","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2020.108162","article-title":"History repeats itself: Role of characterizing flavors on nicotine use and abuse","volume":"177","author":"Patten","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty223","article-title":"Vapes, e-cigs, and mods: What do young adults call e-cigarettes?","volume":"22","author":"Pearson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntz040","article-title":"E-cigarette dependence measures in dual users: Reliability and relations with dependence criteria and e-cigarette cessation","author":"Piper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.031","article-title":"Assessing electronic cigarette effects and regulatory impact: Challenges with user self-reported device power","volume":"179","author":"Rudy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu175","article-title":"Electronic cigarette effectiveness and abuse liability: Predicting and regulating nicotine flux","volume":"17","author":"Shihadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.107886","article-title":"\u201cI cannot live without my vape\u201d: Electronic cigarette user-identified indicators of vaping dependence","volume":"209","author":"Soule","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.042","article-title":"Effects of electronic cigarette liquid solvents propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin on user nicotine delivery, heart rate, subjective effects, and puff topography","volume":"188","author":"Spindle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.010","article-title":"Indicators of dependence for different types of tobacco product users: Descriptive findings from Wave 1 (2013\u20132014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study","volume":"178","author":"Strong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2021.106918","article-title":"Youth use of e-cigarettes: Does dependence vary by device type?","volume":"119","author":"Tackett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu174","article-title":"Effects of user puff topography, device voltage, and liquid nicotine concentration on electronic cigarette nicotine yield: Measurements and model predictions","volume":"17","author":"Talih","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talih, S., Salman, R., Soule, E., El-Hage, R., Karam, E., Karaoghlanian, N., El-Hellani, A., Saliba, N., & Shihadeh, A. (2021). Electrical features, liquid composition and toxicant emissions from \u2019pod-mod\u2019-like disposable electronic cigarettes. Tobacco Control, tobaccocontrol-2020-056362. Doi: 10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-056362.","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-056362"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0288","article-title":"A clinical laboratory model for evaluating the acute effects of electronic \u201ccigarettes\u201d: Nicotine delivery profile and cardiovascular and subjective effects","volume":"19","author":"Vansickel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.051","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of adolescents\u2019 e-cigarette use frequency and dependence","volume":"188","author":"Vogel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2019.1665647","article-title":"What is the nicotine delivery profile of electronic cigarettes?","volume":"16","author":"Voos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery"},{"issue":"e1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2016-053041","article-title":"Have combustible cigarettes met their match? The nicotine delivery profiles and harmful constituent exposures of second-generation and third-generation electronic cigarette users","volume":"26","author":"Wagener","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tobacco Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198835","article-title":"Are Mechanical Turk worker samples representative of health status and health behaviors in the U.S.?","volume":"13","author":"Walters","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13969","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50441-4","article-title":"Effects of model, method of collection, and topography on chemical elements and metals in the aerosol of tank-style electronic cigarettes","volume":"9","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2020.1834582","article-title":"Dependence and use characteristics of adult JUUL electronic cigarette users","volume":"56","author":"Yingst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.15494","article-title":"Nicotine absorption profile among regular users of a pod-based electronic nicotine delivery system","volume":"2","author":"Yingst","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"}],"container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460322002660?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460322002660?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T18:50:26Z","timestamp":1759690226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306460322002660"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0306460322002660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4603"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4603","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Predictors of electronic cigarette dependence among non-smoking electronic cigarette users: User behavior and device characteristics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Addictive Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107500","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107500"}}