{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T16:37:47Z","timestamp":1747154267916,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T11:53:34Z","timestamp":1727438014000},"page":"108167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Identifying predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping in U.S. Young adults using machine learning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Siyoung","family":"Choe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2345-8850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Agley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kit","family":"Elam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurelian","family":"Bidulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1972-6237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong-Chul","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0005","first-page":"172","article-title":"Blurred boundaries: The therapeutics and politics of medical marijuana","author":"Bostwick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Elsevier"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0010","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. PEP23-07-01-006, NSDUH Series H-58). Accessed May 5, 2024. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/report\/2022-nsduh-annual-national-report."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0015","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse. Cannabis (Marijuana) DrugFacts. Updated Dec 24, 2019. Accessed May 5, 2024. https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/publications\/drugfacts\/cannabis-marijuana."},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0020","first-page":"E2657","article-title":"Persistent cannabis users show neuropsychological decline from childhood to midlife","volume":"109","author":"Meier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.1858","article-title":"Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001\u20132002 and 2012\u20132013","volume":"72","author":"Hasin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jama Psychiatry."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.004","article-title":"Probability and predictors of transition from first use to dependence on nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine: results of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)","volume":"115","author":"Lopez-Quintero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.064220","article-title":"High-potency cannabis and the risk of psychosis","volume":"195","author":"Di Forti","year":"2009","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt181","article-title":"Daily use, especially of high-potency cannabis, drives the earlier onset of psychosis in cannabis users","volume":"40","author":"Di Forti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0045","unstructured":"Shukla, S., Doshi, H. Marijuana and Maternal, Perinatal, and Neonatal Outcomes. StatPearls Publishing; 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK570616\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0050","unstructured":"Miller, Z., Goodman, J., Mustian, J., Whitehurst, L. US poised to ease restrictions on marijuana in historic shift, but it\u2019ll remain controlled substance. Associated Press. Apr 30, 2024. Accessed May 15, 2024. https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/marijuana-biden-dea-criminal-justice-pot-f833a8dae6ceb31a8658a5d65832a3b8."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0055","unstructured":"National Conference of State Legislatures. Cannabis Overview. Updated Apr 9, 2024. Accessed May 5, 2024. https:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/cannabis-overview."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.03.039","article-title":"Effects of recreational marijuana legalization on college students: A longitudinal study of attitudes, intentions, and use behaviors","volume":"68","author":"Barker","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins, S. S., Segura, L. E., Levy, N. S., et al. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Cannabis Use Following Legalization in US States With Medical Cannabis Laws. JAMA Netw Open. Sep 1 2021;4(9):e2127002. doi:10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.27002.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.27002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, D. H., Seo, D. C. Identifying risk profiles for marijuana vaping among US young adults by recreational marijuana legalization status: A machine learning approach. Drug Alcohol Depend. Mar 1 2022;232:109330. doi:10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109330.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109330"},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6845e1","article-title":"Risk Factors for E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) Among Adults Who Use E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products - Illinois, July-October 2019","volume":"68","author":"Navon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mmwr-Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report."},{"year":"2023","series-title":"Monitoring the Future Panel Study Annual Report: National Data on Substance Use among Adults Ages 19 to 60, 1976\u20132022","author":"Patrick","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0080"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.034","article-title":"Characterizing marijuana concentrate users: A web-based survey","volume":"178","author":"Daniulaityte","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0090","unstructured":"Perrine, C. G. Characteristics of a multistate outbreak of lung injury associated with e-cigarette use, or vaping\u2014United States, 2019. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2019;68."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1159\/000369791","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes and cannabis: An exploratory study","volume":"21","author":"Etter","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Addiction Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.020","article-title":"Online survey characterizing vaporizer use among cannabis users","volume":"159","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schulenberg, J. E., Patrick, M. E., Johnston, L. D., O'Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., Miech, R. A. Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2020. Volume II, College Students & Adults Ages 19-60. Monitoring the Future Monograph Series. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan; 2021.","DOI":"10.3998\/2027.42\/150623"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0110","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse. Vaping, marijuana use in 2019 rose in college-age adults. Updated Sep 15, 2020. Accessed May 5, 2024. https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/news-events\/news-releases\/2020\/09\/vaping-marijuana-use-in-2019-rose-in-college-age-adults."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-devpsych-040320-084904","article-title":"The effects of cannabis use on the development of adolescents and young adults","volume":"2","author":"Hall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annual Review of Developmental Psychology."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01226-9","article-title":"Systematic review of structural and functional neuroimaging studies of cannabis use in adolescence and emerging adulthood: Evidence from 90 studies and 9441 participants","volume":"47","author":"Lichenstein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106418","article-title":"Identifying emerging predictors for adolescent electronic nicotine delivery systems use: A machine learning analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study","volume":"145","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-3601","article-title":"Electronic nicotine delivery systems marketing and initiation among youth and young adults","volume":"144","author":"Loukas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.105757","article-title":"Patterns of tobacco use among smokers prior to hospitalization for an acute cardiac event: Use of combusted and non-combusted products","volume":"128","author":"Pericot-Valverde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-2935","article-title":"Mental Health Problems and Initiation of E-cigarette and Combustible Cigarette Use","volume":"144","author":"Riehm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305158","article-title":"Sociodemographic Correlates of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Use in the United States, 2016\u20132017","volume":"109","author":"Spears","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108469","article-title":"Adolescent nicotine and marijuana vaping activity and the use of other illicit substances","volume":"219","author":"Boccio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.04.014","article-title":"Initiation of vaporizing cannabis: Individual and social network predictors in a longitudinal study of young adults","volume":"188","author":"Cassidy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.06.029","article-title":"Past 30-Day Marijuana Vaping: Prevalence and Predictors of Use in a Nationally Representative Study of US Youth","volume":"60","author":"Kritikos","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108905","article-title":"Predictors of vaping marijuana initiation among US adolescents: Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study Wave 3 (2015\u20132016) and Wave 4 (2016\u20132018)","volume":"226","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108320","article-title":"Predictors of marijuana vaping onset and escalation among young adults","volume":"216","author":"Pokhrel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2023.109949","article-title":"Social media use and cannabis vaping initiation among US youth","volume":"249","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106258","article-title":"Identifying smoker subgroups with high versus low smoking cessation attempt probability: A decision tree analysis approach","volume":"103","author":"Yong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2016.00034","article-title":"Utility of Machine-learning approaches to identify Behavioral Markers for substance Use Disorders: impulsivity Dimensions as Predictors of current cocaine Dependence","volume":"7","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0190","first-page":"4","article-title":"Initiation, continuation of use and cessation of alternative tobacco products among young adults: A qualitative study","author":"Vu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tobacco prevention & cessation."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2307\/2136857","article-title":"Predicting Continued Use of Marijuana among Adolescents - the Relative Influence of Drug-Specific and Social-Context Factors","volume":"33","author":"Bailey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278720984514","article-title":"A Latent Transition Analysis of Self-Reported Reasons for Marijuana Use During Young Adulthood","volume":"44","author":"Bray","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evaluation & the Health Professions"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.3.311","article-title":"Risk factors predicting changes in marijuana involvement in teenagers","volume":"62","author":"van den Bree","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107080","article-title":"Perceived stress and e-cigarette use during emerging adulthood: A longitudinal examination of initiation, progression, and continuation","volume":"160","author":"Mantey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15723","article-title":"Youth use of e-liquid flavours-a systematic review exploring patterns of use of e-liquid flavours and associations with continued vaping, tobacco smoking uptake or cessation","volume":"117","author":"Notley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.006","article-title":"Marijuana use among adults: Initiation, return to use, and continued use versus quitting over a one-year follow-up period","volume":"182","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0225","unstructured":"United States Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. Data from: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study [United States] Restricted-Use Files. 2023-10-04. doi:10.3886\/ICPSR36231.v37."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2016-052934","article-title":"Design and methods of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study","volume":"26","author":"Hyland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tobacco Control"},{"year":"2021","series-title":"Association of racial disparity of cannabis possession arrests among adults and youths with statewide cannabis decriminalization and legalization","author":"Sheehan","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0235"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0240","first-page":"147","article-title":"Quetelet's index (W\/H2) as a measure of fatness","volume":"9","author":"Garrow","year":"1985","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0245","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Defining Adult Overweight & Obesity: Adult Body Mass Index. Updated Jun 3, 2022. Accessed May 5, 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/obesity\/basics\/adult-defining.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00089","article-title":"Genetic and Psychosocial Predictors of Aggression: Variable Selection and Model Building With Component-Wise Gradient Boosting","volume":"12","author":"Suchting","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.03.006","article-title":"Inflammatory markers as predictors of depression and anxiety in adolescents: Statistical model building with component-wise gradient boosting","volume":"234","author":"Walss-Bass","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108417","article-title":"Using machine learning to identify predictors of imminent drinking and create tailored messages for at-risk drinkers experiencing homelessness","volume":"127","author":"Walters","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0019-x","article-title":"The curse(s) of dimensionality","volume":"15","author":"Altman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.03.001","article-title":"Applications of machine learning in addiction studies: A systematic review","volume":"275","author":"Mak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0275","article-title":"An introduction to statistical learning: With applications in R","author":"Gareth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spinger"},{"year":"2017","series-title":"Classification And Regression Trees","author":"Breiman","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0280"},{"year":"2011","series-title":"Data mining and statistics for decision making","author":"Tuff\u00e9ry","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0285"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0290","first-page":"531","article-title":"Retooling Poverty Targeting Using Out-of-Sample Validation and Machine Learning","volume":"32","author":"McBride","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Bank Economic Review."},{"volume":"vol 2","year":"2009","author":"Hastie","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0295"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0442-1","article-title":"When and how should multiple imputation be used for handling missing data in randomised clinical trials - a practical guide with flowcharts","volume":"17","author":"Jakobsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3177","article-title":"How should variable selection be performed with multiply imputed data?","volume":"27","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(96)00142-2","article-title":"The use of the area under the ROC curve in the evaluation of machine learning algorithms","volume":"30","author":"Bradley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pattern recognition."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.10.019","article-title":"Recreational Marijuana Legalization and Adolescent Use of Marijuana, Tobacco, and Alcohol","volume":"69","author":"Coley","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1086\/684043","article-title":"Do medical marijuana laws increase hard-drug use?","volume":"58","author":"Chu","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Law and Economics."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-023-08195-3","article-title":"Impact of Recreational Cannabis Legalization on Opioid Prescribing and Opioid-Related Hospital Visits in Colorado: An Observational Study","volume":"38","author":"Buttorff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107552","article-title":"Recreational cannabis legalization alters associations among cannabis use, perception of risk, and cannabis use disorder treatment for adolescents and young adults","volume":"138","author":"Mennis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000508","article-title":"The impact of recreational marijuana legalization on rates of use and behavior: A 10-year comparison of two cohorts from high school to young adulthood","volume":"33","author":"Stormshak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106528","article-title":"E-cigarette use among young adults: A latent class analysis examining co-use and correlates of nicotine vaping","volume":"110","author":"Lanza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-021-01305-9","article-title":"Stress and affect as daily risk factors for substance use patterns: An application of latent class analysis for daily diary data","volume":"23","author":"Linden-Carmichael","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prevention science."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2017.1333162","article-title":"Latent class analysis of substance use and predictors of latent class membership among adolescents in the Republic of Korea","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Use."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2023.2215312","article-title":"Latent Classes of Tobacco and Cannabis Use among Youth and Young Adults in the United States","volume":"58","author":"Mattingly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-6-35","article-title":"Cannabis as a substitute for alcohol and other drugs","volume":"6","author":"Reiman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Harm Reduction Journal."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2022.2070870","article-title":"Medical cannabis as a substitute for prescription agents: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Charoenporn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Use."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.05.008","article-title":"Can the gateway hypothesis, the common liability model and\/or, the route of administration model predict initiation of cannabis use during adolescence? A survival analysis\u2014the TRAILS study","volume":"48","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.12.018","article-title":"Common liability to addiction and \u201cgateway hypothesis\u201d: Theoretical, empirical and evolutionary perspective","volume":"123","author":"Vanyukov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2012.03.010","article-title":"The genetic basis of addictive disorders","volume":"35","author":"Ducci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(00)00129-5","article-title":"Implications of genetic epidemiology for the prevention of substance use disorders","volume":"25","author":"Merikangas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors. Nov-Dec"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.9976","article-title":"Understanding the genetics and neurobiological pathways behind addiction","volume":"21","author":"Popescu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.797473","article-title":"Polysubstance use in early adulthood: Patterns and developmental precursors in an urban cohort","volume":"15","author":"Steinhoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Junger, M., Dekovid, M. Crime as risk-taking: Co-occurrence of delinquent behavior, health-endangering behaviors, and problem behaviors. Control theories of crime and delinquency. Routledge; 2017:213-248.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351323727-11"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2018.03.006","article-title":"A forward and backward stagewise algorithm for nonconvex loss functions with adaptive lasso","volume":"124","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computational Statistics and Data Analysis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.1920","article-title":"Prevalence of cannabis use in electronic cigarettes among US youth","volume":"172","author":"Trivers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jama Pediatrics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0415","article-title":"Vaping while high: Factors associated with vaping marijuana among youth in the United States","volume":"217","author":"Taleb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.2905","article-title":"Prediction of Sex-Specific Suicide Risk Using Machine Learning and Single-Payer Health Care Registry Data From Denmark","volume":"77","author":"Gradus","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.105.012179","article-title":"Self-reported psychotic symptoms in the general population: Results from the longitudinal study of the British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey","volume":"188","author":"Wiles","year":"2006","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2019.04.002","article-title":"Medicaid coverage in substance use disorder treatment after the affordable care act","volume":"102","author":"Andrews","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/pam.21804","article-title":"Assessing the Effects of Medical Marijuana Laws on Marijuana Use: The Devil is in the Details","volume":"34","author":"Pacula","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. Win"}],"container-title":["Addictive Behaviors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460324002168?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306460324002168?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T20:04:56Z","timestamp":1731096296000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306460324002168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["S0306460324002168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4603"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0306-4603"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Identifying predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping in U.S. Young adults using machine learning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Addictive Behaviors","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108167","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108167"}}