{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T08:15:20Z","timestamp":1768032920298,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,4]],"date-time":"2008-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult psychopaths are thought to have risky decision\u2010making and behavioral disinhibition, but little is known about the moderating effects of psychosocial factors and whether these associations can be observed in children with psychopathic tendencies. This study tests the biosocial hypothesis that social class will moderate psychopathy\u2013neurocognition relationships, with these effects being stronger in children from high social classes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preadolescent community twins (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 298) were assessed on decision\u2010making (Iowa Gambling) and behavior inhibition (Porteus Maze) tasks, while psychopathic tendencies and socioeconomic status were assessed by the child's caregiver.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant interaction was observed whereby risky decision\u2010making was associated with psychopathic tendencies only in children from benign home environments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings support a biosocial interaction perspective on child psychopathy, suggesting that risky decision\u2010making may particularly predispose to psychopathic traits in children from benign home backgrounds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2008.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,5]],"date-time":"2008-11-05T10:47:18Z","timestamp":1225882038000},"page":"409-414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Brief Report: Interaction between social class and risky decision\u2010making in children with psychopathic tendencies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology University of Pennsylvania 3718 Locust Walk, McNeil Building Suite 483 Philadelphia PA 19104 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura A.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Southern California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Raine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology University of Pennsylvania 3718 Locust Walk, McNeil Building Suite 483 Philadelphia PA 19104 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Bezdjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Washington University 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