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This study explored prospectively the differential effects of 17 youth assets and 5 environmental factors on drug use in adolescent males and females (Youth Asset Study \u2013 a 5\u2010wave longitudinal study of 1117 youth\/parent pairs). Baseline analyses included 1093 youth (53% female). Mean age was 14.3 years (SD = 1.6) and the youth were 40% Non\u2010Hispanic White, 28% Hispanic, 24% Non\u2010Hispanic Black, and 9% Non\u2010Hispanic other. Analyses revealed that 16 assets for males and 15 for females as well as the total asset score were prospectively associated with no drug use. No environmental factors were prospectively associated with any drug use for males, and for a subset of females, only Neighborhood Support was significant. This study confirms and extends previous work regarding youth drug use by recognizing the importance of the protective effect of assets for both males and females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2014.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,17]],"date-time":"2014-06-17T05:33:29Z","timestamp":1402983209000},"page":"827-837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The influence of assets and environmental factors on gender differences in adolescent drug use"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Cheryl B.","family":"Aspy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine College of Medicine University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center 900 NE 10th St. Oklahoma City OK 73104 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni L.","family":"Tolma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P.O. 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