{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:11:28Z","timestamp":1785255088926,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","endocrinologydiabetes.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T17:03:31Z","timestamp":1766509411000},"page":"242-252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Versus Multiple Daily Injections for Glycemic Control in Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2237-9536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Calderon Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9497-676X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephin Zachariah","family":"Saji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"S\u00e1mano S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maigualida","family":"Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Hammoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Espa\u00f1a","family":"De la Rosa-Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Briceno Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Sebastian","family":"Arruarana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Newman Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Sanchez Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jairo Arturo","family":"Nore\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Correa Marquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-S002","article-title":"2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: standards of care in Diabetes\u20142025","volume":"48","author":"ElSayed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Care [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2010.05.011","article-title":"Chapter 1: epidemiology of Type 1 diabetes","volume":"39","author":"Maahs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0023","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: a position statement by the American diabetes association","volume":"41","author":"Chiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care Am Diabetes Assoc Inc"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib5","first-page":"7","article-title":"Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections in children and young people at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: the SCIPI RCT","volume":"22","author":"Blair","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s13340-024-00748-z","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes: immune pathology and novel therapeutic approaches","volume":"15","author":"Ling","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetol Int [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib7","first-page":"4S51","article-title":"Weight gain and insulin treatment","volume":"31","author":"Larger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Elsevier Masson SAS"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1159\/000493734","article-title":"Insulin pump therapy-influence on body fat redistribution, skeletal muscle mass and ghrelin, Leptin changes in T1D patients","volume":"11","author":"Pr\u00eddavkov\u00e1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2012.03.001","article-title":"Insulin therapy and hypoglycemia","volume":"41","author":"McCall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib10","article-title":"Effectiveness of insulin pump therapy versus multiple daily injections for glycemic control and rate of diabetic ketoacidosis among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"16","author":"Alnaim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.13377","article-title":"Insulin pump therapy is associated with higher rates of mild diabetic ketoacidosis compared to injection therapy: a 2-year Swedish national survey of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Wers\u00e4ll","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib12","first-page":"1671","article-title":"Insulin pump therapy efficacy and key factors influencing adherence in pediatric population\u2014A narrative review","volume":"58","author":"Trandafir","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Lithuania)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib13","series-title":"Guidelines on second- and third-line medicines and type of insulin for the control of blood glucose levels in non-pregnant adults with diabetes mellitus","first-page":"69","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n160","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","article-title":"PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: Updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib17","author":"Rohatgi"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enhancing study quality assessment: an in-depth review of risk of bias tools for meta-analysis\u2014A comprehensive guide for anesthesiologists","volume":"3","author":"De Cassai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Anesth Analgesia Crit Care [Internet]"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000041868","article-title":"A comprehensive guide to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis in medical research","volume":"104","author":"Calderon Martinez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2015.09.002","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials revisited","volume":"45","author":"DerSimonian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib25","series-title":"Version 0.9.5.10 beta. Copenhagen: Copenhagen trial unit, centre for clinical intervention research, capital region","year":"2021"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.7.1554","article-title":"A randomized, prospective trial comparing the efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with multiple daily injections using insulin glargine","volume":"27","author":"Doyle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4 PART 1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2008.00396.x","article-title":"Effects of insulin pump vs. injection treatment on quality of life and impact of disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in a randomized, prospective comparison","volume":"9","author":"Nuboer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.06.022","article-title":"A randomized, controlled study of insulin pump therapy in diabetic preschoolers","volume":"145","author":"DiMeglio","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.6.1277","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of insulin pump therapy in young children with type 1 diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Fox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2008.00494.x","article-title":"A randomized prospective study of insulin pump vs. insulin injection therapy in very young children with type 1 diabetes: 12-month glycemic, BMI, and neurocognitive outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Nabhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.15","article-title":"A two-center randomized controlled feasibility trial of insulin pump therapy in young children with diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Wilson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1166\/mex.2021.2022","article-title":"Comparative analysis of different drug delivery methods of injectable hydrogel nanomaterials of insulin biomaterials via multiple daily injections and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater Express"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.3.559","article-title":"Comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and multiple daily injection regimens in children with type 1 diabetes: a randomized open crossover trial","volume":"112","author":"Weintrob","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16656","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95824-8","article-title":"Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion alters microRNA expression and glycaemic variability in children with type 1 diabetes","volume":"11","author":"Scott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib35","volume":"8","author":"Opipari-Arrigan","year":"2007"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1989.tb01276.x","article-title":"Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) versus conventional injection therapy in newly diagnosed diabetic children: two-year follow-up of a randomized, prospective trial","volume":"6","author":"de Beaufort","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetic Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2011.00793.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of sensor-augmented pump therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in the STAR 3 study","volume":"13","author":"Slover","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2008.00390.x","article-title":"Improved treatment satisfaction but no difference in metabolic control when using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion vs. multiple daily injections in children at onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"9","author":"Skogsberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2011.0085","article-title":"Insulin pump therapy started at the time of diagnosis: effects on glycemic control and pancreatic \u03b2-cell function in type 1 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Thrailkill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000173969","article-title":"Metabolic control in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children","volume":"19","author":"Alberto Flores d\u2019Arcais","year":"1984","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12777","article-title":"Psychosocial benefits of insulin pump therapy in children with diabetes type 1 and their families: the pumpkin multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Mueller-Godeffroy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2023-326007","article-title":"Does insulin pump therapy offer benefits for behaviour, mood, cognition and HbA1c in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes? A randomised controlled trial with observational follow-up","volume":"109","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-9922","article-title":"Use of insulin pump therapy in the pediatric age-group","volume":"30","author":"Phillip","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2008.00440.x","article-title":"Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion vs. multiple daily injections in children with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials","volume":"10","author":"Pa\u0144kowska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib45","article-title":"Comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and multiple daily injections in pediatric type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis and prospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108643","article-title":"Effectiveness and equity of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions in pediatric type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature","volume":"172","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2653","article-title":"Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in diabetes: patient populations, safety, efficacy, and pharmacoeconomics","volume":"32","author":"Pozzilli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"}],"container-title":["AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S3050915725002012?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S3050915725002012?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T03:30:25Z","timestamp":1777260625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S3050915725002012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S3050915725002012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["3050-9157"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3050-9157","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Versus Multiple Daily Injections for Glycemic Control in Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aed.2025.12.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of AACE.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}