{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:07:13Z","timestamp":1789704433812,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["African Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:11:14Z","timestamp":1789690274000},"page":"101015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emergency Department length of stay: a mixed-methods study in four Ethiopian public hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7847-9291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Demessie Diriba","family":"Feyisa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gada Edae","family":"Moti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girma Gudina","family":"Debisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gadisa Tadasa","family":"Shaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1875934301609010001","article-title":"Patterns in emergency-department arrivals and length of stay: input for visualizations of crowding","volume":"9","author":"Hertzum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Erg Open J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517707901","article-title":"Analysis of mortality in the emergency department at a university hospital in Pleven","volume":"45","author":"Stefanovski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0003","first-page":"112","article-title":"Awareness of importance of triaging in emergency department in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","volume":"20","author":"Alshurtan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signa Vitae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0004","series-title":"Ethiopian hospital services transformation guidelines","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101607","article-title":"Factors affecting patient length of stay in the emergency unit: a scoping review","volume":"80","author":"Firman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-024-01131-6","article-title":"Prolonged length of stay and associated factors among emergency department patients in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Ayenew","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00745-y","article-title":"Patient and hospital characteristics predict prolonged emergency department length of stay and in-hospital mortality: a nationwide analysis in Korea","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201511-773OC","article-title":"Emergency Department length of stay for critical care admissions. A population-based study","volume":"13","author":"Rose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2021.02.002","article-title":"Areas of delay related to prolonged length of stay in an emergency department of an academic hospital in South Africa","volume":"11","author":"Mashao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Afr J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4236\/ojem.2022.101005","article-title":"Waiting times and length of stay of trauma patients in a Botswana referral hospital emergency department","volume":"10","author":"Siamisang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0011","first-page":"1","article-title":"Length of stay in the emergency department and its associated factors among pediatrics patients attending at Wolaita Sodo university teaching and referral hospital, Southern, Ethiopia, 2021","author":"Tezer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res Sq"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4271-7","article-title":"Factors associated with the length of stay in emergency departments in Southern-Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"Alemu","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.31729\/jnma.4806","article-title":"Emergency stay duration of patients in emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal: a descriptive cross-sectional study","volume":"58","author":"Simkhada","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nepal Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0014","first-page":"1","article-title":"Factors affecting length of stay in children hospital in Southern Iran","volume":"19","author":"Baniasadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Health v Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-020-00749-2","article-title":"Strategies to measure and improve emergency department performance: a scoping review","volume":"28","author":"Austin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-023-00502-3","article-title":"Current patterns of care at adult emergency department in Ethiopian tertiary university hospital","volume":"16","author":"Tarkie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2147\/OAEM.S254239","article-title":"Length of stay in the emergency department and its associated factors at Jimma medical center, Southwest Ethiopia","volume":"Volume 12","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Access Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-023-00804-y","article-title":"Prolonged length of stay and its associated factors at adult emergency department in Amhara region comprehensive specialized hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"23","author":"Belayneh","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0019","first-page":"119","article-title":"A convergent parallel mixed-methods study of controversial issues in social studies classes: a clash of ideologies.Educ","volume":"18","author":"Demir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci.: Theory Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0020","first-page":"1408","article-title":"Are we there yet? Data saturation in qualitative research","volume":"20","author":"Fusch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2020.100930","article-title":"Long emergency department length of stay: a concept analysis","volume":"53","author":"Andersson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4236\/ojem.2020.83007","article-title":"Emergency department waiting times and determinants of prolonged length of stay in a Botswana referral hospital","volume":"08","author":"Siamisang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14441","article-title":"Predictors of a long length of stay in the emergency department for older people","volume":"50","author":"Sweeny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2019.06.001","article-title":"Analysis of factors influencing length of stay in the emergency department in public hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia","volume":"22","author":"Kusumawati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Australas Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determinants of prolonged length of stay in the Emergency department; a cross-sectional study","volume":"5","author":"Hosseininejad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emergency"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0026","article-title":"Length of stay and its associated factors among adult patients who visit emergency department of university hospital, Eastern Ethiopia","volume":"4","author":"Fekadu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sage Open Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2025.05.004","article-title":"Differences in quality indicators of emergency care between on- and off-hours at Ghanaian district hospitals","volume":"15","author":"Forson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Afr J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0028","first-page":"1","article-title":"Independent determinants of prolonged emergency department length of stay in a tertiary care centre : a prospective cohort study","author":"Der","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0029","first-page":"1","article-title":"Patient and organizational characteristics predict a long length of stay in the emergency department \u2013 a Swedish cohort study","author":"Perdahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015_bib0030","article-title":"Strategies to measure and improve Emergency department performance: a review","volume":"16","author":"Mostafa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["African Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211419X2600073X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211419X2600073X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T03:42:30Z","timestamp":1789702950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211419X2600073X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2211419X2600073X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-419X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-419X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Emergency Department length of stay: a mixed-methods study in four Ethiopian public hospitals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"African Journal of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.afjem.2026.101015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of African Federation for Emergency Medicine.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101015"}}