{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T04:46:52Z","timestamp":1782017212698,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547683200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":322,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Iowa Nutrient Research Center"},{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture\u2019s National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["IOW03814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IOW03814"]}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative","award":["2016-67012-25170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-67012-25170"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T06:38:47Z","timestamp":1516171127000},"page":"131-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Linking crop- and soil-based approaches to evaluate system nitrogen-use efficiency and tradeoffs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Martinez-Feria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Castellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranae N.","family":"Dietzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matt J.","family":"Helmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Liebman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaiah","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotirios V.","family":"Archontoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2013.0421","article-title":"Evaluating APSIM maize, soil water, soil nitrogen, manure, and soil temperature modules in the Midwestern United States","volume":"106","author":"Archontoulis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.11430","article-title":"Cropping system effects on NO3-N loss with subsurface drainage water","volume":"45","author":"Bakhsh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trans. ASAE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2015.11.011","article-title":"Simulating long-term impacts of cover crops and climate change on crop production and environmental outcomes in the Midwestern United States","volume":"218","author":"Basche","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0020","first-page":"1","article-title":"Can impacts of climate change and agricultural adaption strategies be accurately quantified if crop models are annually reinitialized?","author":"Basso","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0146360","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146360","article-title":"Tradeoffs between maize silage yield and nitrate leaching in a Mediterranean nitrate-vulnerable zone under current and projected climate scenarios","volume":"11","author":"Basso","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20130123","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0123","article-title":"The nitrogen cascade from agricultural soils to the sea: modelling nitrogen transfers at regional watershed and global scales","volume":"368","author":"Billen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12519","article-title":"A long-term nitrogen fertilizer gradient has little effect on soil organic matter in a high-intensity maize production system","volume":"20","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.02.007","article-title":"Assessment of the predictive quality of simple indicator approaches for nitrate leaching from agricultural fields","volume":"91","author":"Buczko","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1994.03615995005800050033x","article-title":"Field-scale variability of soil properties in Central Iowa soils","volume":"58","author":"Cambardella","year":"1994","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1579\/0044-7447-31.2.132","article-title":"Agroecosystems: nitrogen-use efficiency and nitrogen management","volume":"31","author":"Cassman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.energy.28.040202.122858","article-title":"Meeting cereal demand while protecting natural resources and improving environmental quality","volume":"28","author":"Cassman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321350111","article-title":"Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer in agricultural soils is not necessarily related to nitrate leaching from agricultural soils","volume":"111","author":"Castellano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0065","series-title":"Cover Crops Impacts on Nitrogen Scavenging, Nitrous Oxide Emissions, Nitrogen Fertilizer Replacement, Erosion, and Soil Health in Soil Fertility Management in Agroecosystems","first-page":"76","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2008.07.015","article-title":"Assessing the effectiveness of actions to mitigate nutrient loss from agriculture: a review of methods","volume":"406","author":"Cherry","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0075","series-title":"Nitrogen and Phosporus Balances in Iowa Cropping Systems: Sustaining Iowa\u2019s Soil Resource","author":"Christianson","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2012.03.008","article-title":"Physiological perspectives of changes over time in maize yield dependency on nitrogen uptake and associated nitrogen efficiencies: a review","volume":"133","author":"Ciampitti","year":"2012","journal-title":"F. Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1002\/gbc.20053","article-title":"Patterns and trends in nitrogen use and nitrogen recovery efficiency in world agriculture","volume":"27","author":"Conant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Global Biogeochem. Cycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0090","series-title":"Crop Ecology: Production and Management in Agricultural Systems","first-page":"323","article-title":"Chapter 12: soil management","author":"Connor","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2136\/vzj2013.10.0177","article-title":"Subsurface drainage flow and soil water dynamics of reconstructed prairies and corn rotations for biofuel production","volume":"13","author":"Daigh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vadose Zone J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2015.02.0080","article-title":"Subsurface drainage nitrate and total reactive phosphorus losses in bioenergy-based prairies and corn systems","volume":"44","author":"Daigh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2010.0115","article-title":"Sources of nitrate yields in the Mississippi River Basin","volume":"39","author":"David","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105012","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/9\/10\/105012","article-title":"Inventories and scenarios of nitrous oxide emissions","volume":"9","author":"Davidson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2015.02.0078","article-title":"More food, low pollution (Mo fo lo Po): a grand challenge for the 21st century","volume":"44","author":"Davidson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47149","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047149","article-title":"Increasing cropping system diversity balances productivity, profitability and environmental health","volume":"7","author":"Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2014.08.0572","article-title":"Above- and belowground growth, biomass, and nitrogen use in maize and reconstructed prairie cropping systems","volume":"55","author":"Dietzel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13101","article-title":"How efficiently do corn- and soybean-based cropping systems use water? A systems modeling analysis","volume":"22","author":"Dietzel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.5194\/soil-3-139-2017","article-title":"A deeper look at the relationship between root carbon pools and the vertical distribution of the soil carbon pool","volume":"3","author":"Dietzel","year":"2017","journal-title":"SOIL"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0140","series-title":"Fertilizer Best Management Practices: General Principles, Strategy for Their Adoption and Voluntary Initiatives Vs Regulations","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nutrient use efficiency \u2212measurement and management","author":"Dobermann","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci1999.3961622x","article-title":"Post\u2013green revolution trends in yield potential of temperate maize in the United States","volume":"39","author":"Duvick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.06.033","article-title":"Reduced nitrogen in ecology and the environment","volume":"150","author":"Erisman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0155","series-title":"Managing Water and Fertilizer for Sustainable Agricultural Intensification","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nutrient\/fertilizer use efficiency: measurement, current situation and trends","author":"Fixen","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10452","article-title":"Solutions for a cultivated planet","volume":"478","author":"Foley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0165","first-page":"341","article-title":"The nitrogen cascade","volume":"53","author":"Galloway","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. Inst. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1890\/08-1122.1","article-title":"The fate of nitrogen in grain cropping systems: a meta-analysis of 15N field experiments","volume":"19","author":"Gardner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2017.02.008","article-title":"Estimating yield gaps at the cropping system level","volume":"206","author":"Guilpart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.2489\/jswc.64.3.190","article-title":"Nitrate-nitrogen patterns in the Raccoon river basin related to agricultural practices","volume":"64","author":"Hatfield","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Soil Water Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.3390\/su3091452","article-title":"Improving nitrogen use efficiency in crops for sustainable agriculture","volume":"3","author":"Hirel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2014.07.009","article-title":"APSIM \u2212evolution towards a new generation of agricultural systems simulation","volume":"62","author":"Holzworth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.42243","article-title":"SWIM3: model use: calibration and validation","volume":"55","author":"Huth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trans. ASABE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0200","series-title":"Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"IPCC (Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change)","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01700","article-title":"A comparative nitrogen balance and productivity analysis of legume and non-legume supported cropping systems: the potential role of biological nitrogen fixation","volume":"7","author":"Iannetta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0210","series-title":"NWS COOP Network: Quality Controlled and Estimated Data","author":"Iowa Envrionmental Mesonet","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2011.09.0481","article-title":"Tradeoffs in biomass and nutrient allocation in prairies and corn managed for bioenergy production","volume":"52","author":"Jarchow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2001.3041305x","article-title":"Nitrate loss in subsurface drainage as affected by nitrogen fertilizer rate","volume":"30","author":"Jaynes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-1987(98)00142-1","article-title":"Tillage system effects on 15-year carbon-based and simulated N budgets in a tile-drained Iowa field","volume":"48","author":"Karlen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2014.03.0110","article-title":"Soil and water conservation: our history and future challenges","volume":"78","author":"Karlen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(02)00108-9","article-title":"An overview of APSIM, a model designed for farming systems simulation","volume":"18","author":"Keating","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S-109","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2009.10.0594","article-title":"Eco-efficient agriculture: concepts, challenges, and opportunities","volume":"50","author":"Keating","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8809(00)00129-8","article-title":"Nitrogen mass balances in conventional, integrated and ecological cropping systems and the relationship between balance calculations and nitrogen runoff in an 8-year field experiment in Norway","volume":"79","author":"Korsaeth","year":"2000","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2010.0076","article-title":"Whole-profile soil carbon stocks: the danger of assuming too much from analyses of too little","volume":"75","author":"Kravchenko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2113(05)87003-8","article-title":"Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production: retrospects and prospects","volume":"87","author":"Ladha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Adv. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0260","first-page":"6","article-title":"Global nitrogen budgets in cereals: a 50-year assessment for maize, rice, and wheat production systems","author":"Ladha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2011.09.006","article-title":"Long term impact of no-till on soil properties and crop productivity on the Canadian prairies","volume":"117","author":"Lafond","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105011","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/9\/10\/105011","article-title":"50 year trends in nitrogen use efficiency of world cropping systems: the relationship between yield and nitrogen input to cropland","volume":"9","author":"Lassaletta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agsy.2016.03.007","article-title":"Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from a wheat?maize rotation system while still maintaining productivity","volume":"145","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2011.02502.x","article-title":"An agronomic assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from major cereal crops","volume":"18","author":"Linquist","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1051\/agro\/2010008","article-title":"Models of biological nitrogen fixation of legumes: a review","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2016.08.0457","article-title":"Residual fertilizer, crop sequence, and water availability impact rotational nitrogen balances","volume":"109","author":"Maaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2007.04.014","article-title":"Evaluating and predicting agricultural management effects under tile drainage using modified APSIM","volume":"140","author":"Malone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2007.04.007","article-title":"Empirical analysis and prediction of nitrate loading and crop yield for corn-soybean rotations","volume":"140","author":"Malone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2017.01.016","article-title":"Winter rye as a cover crop reduces nitrate loss to subsurface drainage as simulated by HERMES","volume":"184","author":"Malone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.2489\/jswc.72.3.226","article-title":"Corn yield response to winter cover crops: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Marcillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Soil Water Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2016.06.016","article-title":"Rye cover crop effects on maize: a system-level analysis","volume":"196","author":"Martinez-Feria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Field Crop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0320","series-title":"Soil Nitrogen Budgets, in Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems Agronomy Monograph","first-page":"505","author":"Meisinger","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/2016GB005515","article-title":"Declining spatial efficiency of global cropland nitrogen allocation","author":"Mueller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob. Biogeochem. Cycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0330","series-title":"Position Paper: Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Nutrient Performance Indicators","author":"Norton","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(03)00067-4","article-title":"Approaches and uncertainties in nutrient budgets: implications for nutrient management and environmental policies","volume":"20","author":"Oenema","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2004.07.044","article-title":"Effects of lowering nitrogen and phosphorus surpluses in agriculture on the quality of groundwater and surface water in the Netherlands","volume":"304","author":"Oenema","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0345","series-title":"Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) an Indicator for the Utilization of Nitrogen in Food Systems","author":"Oenema","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01080","article-title":"Achieving lower nitrogen balance and higher nitrogen recovery efficiency reduces nitrous oxide emissions in North America\u2019s maize cropping systems","volume":"8","author":"Omonode","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0355","first-page":"1","article-title":"Can mineralization of soil organic nitrogen meet maize nitrogen demand?","author":"Osterholz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2015.03.008","article-title":"Estimating the gross nitrogen budget under soil nitrogen stock changes: a case study for Turkey","volume":"205","author":"\u00d6zbek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.00731","article-title":"Nitrogen cycling from increased soil organic carbon contributes both positively and negatively to ecosystem services in wheat agro-ecosystems","volume":"8","author":"Palmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0172293","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172293","article-title":"Maximum soil organic carbon storage in Midwest U.S. cropping systems when crops are optimally nitrogen-fertilized","volume":"12","author":"Poffenbarger","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-521X(97)00028-0","article-title":"APSIM\u2019s water and nitrogen modules and simulation of the dynamics of water and nitrogen in fallow systems","volume":"56","author":"Probert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01630","article-title":"Modeling long-term corn yield response to nitrogen rate and crop rotation","volume":"7","author":"Puntel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2011.0195","article-title":"Simulating nitrate-nitrogen concentration from a subsurface drainage system in response to nitrogen application rates using RZWQM2","volume":"41","author":"Qi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0390","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [Version 3.2.2]","author":"R Core Team","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120205","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/11\/12\/120205","article-title":"Synthesis and review: tackling the nitrogen management challenge: from global to local scales","volume":"11","author":"Reis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.environ.032108.105046","article-title":"Nitrogen in agriculture: balancing the cost of an essential resource","volume":"34","author":"Robertson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biu037","article-title":"Farming for ecosystem services: an ecological approach to production agriculture","volume":"64","author":"Robertson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2008.04.007","article-title":"The nitrogen balance of three long-term agroecosystems on a boreal soil in western Canada","volume":"127","author":"Ross","year":"2008","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2013.0106","article-title":"Tillage, cropping sequence, and nitrogen fertilization influence dryland soil nitrogen","volume":"105","author":"Sainju","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agron. J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2017.06.001","article-title":"Determination of nitrogen balance in agroecosystems","volume":"4","author":"Sainju","year":"2017","journal-title":"MethodsX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2008.03.001","article-title":"Nitrogen uptake, fixation and response to fertilizer N in soybeans: a review","volume":"108","author":"Salvagiotti","year":"2008","journal-title":"F. Crop. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0430","series-title":"Concepts and Rationale for Regional Nitrogen Rate Guidelines for Corn (PM2015)","author":"Sawyer","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18185","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305372110","article-title":"Long-term fate of nitrate fertilizer in agricultural soils","volume":"110","author":"Sebilo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2012.07.001","article-title":"Nitrogen and water resources commonly limit crop yield increases, not necessarily plant genetics","volume":"1","author":"Sinclair","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glob. Food Sec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25006","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/10\/2\/025006","article-title":"Cost of reactive nitrogen release from human activities to the environment in the United States","volume":"10","author":"Sobota","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2011.12.021","article-title":"Conceptual frameworks for estimating the water quality benefits of improved agricultural management practices in large catchments","volume":"180","author":"Thorburn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4290(01)00141-1","article-title":"Modelling decomposition of sugar cane surface residues with APSIM-residue","volume":"70","author":"Thorburn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2005.01.016","article-title":"Modelling nitrogen dynamics in sugarcane systems: recent advances and applications","volume":"92","author":"Thorburn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2009.12.014","article-title":"Using the APSIM model to estimate nitrous oxide emissions from diverse Australian sugarcane production systems","volume":"136","author":"Thorburn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2005.07.003","article-title":"Replacing bare fallows with cover crops in fertilizer-intensive cropping systems: a meta-analysis of crop yield and N dynamics","volume":"112","author":"Tonitto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/21683565.2017.1336149","article-title":"Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems: balancing food and environmental objectives","volume":"41","author":"Tully","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agroecol. Sustain. Food Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0480","series-title":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Ground Water and Drinking Water","author":"USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency)","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2012.09.009","article-title":"Yield gap analysis with local to global relevance\u2014a review","volume":"143","author":"van Ittersum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35014","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/11\/3\/035014","article-title":"The nitrogen legacy: emerging evidence of nitrogen accumulation in anthropogenic landscapes","volume":"11","author":"Van Meter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2014.08.001","article-title":"The error in agricultural systems model prediction depends on the variable being predicted","volume":"62","author":"Wallach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-015-1342-1","article-title":"Modeling the impacts of climate change on nitrogen losses and crop yield in a subsurface drained field","volume":"129","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clim. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15743","article-title":"Managing nitrogen for sustainable development","volume":"528","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2016.07.015","article-title":"Assessment of drainage nitrogen losses on a yield-scaled basis","volume":"199","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-013-1876-9","article-title":"Assessment of nitrate leaching loss on a yield-scaled basis from maize and wheat cropping systems","volume":"374","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2016.06.022","article-title":"Sustaining crop productivity while reducing environmental nitrogen losses in the subtropical wheat-maize cropping systems: a comprehensive case study of nitrogen cycling and balance","volume":"231","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."}],"container-title":["Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167880918300021?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167880918300021?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T08:06:53Z","timestamp":1759133213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167880918300021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":104,"alternative-id":["S0167880918300021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8809","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Linking crop- and soil-based approaches to evaluate system nitrogen-use efficiency and tradeoffs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2018.01.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}