{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T06:58:38Z","timestamp":1777100318358,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004442","name":"Narodowym Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/N\/NZ8\/01289"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/N\/NZ8\/01289"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T22:24:52Z","timestamp":1639175092000},"page":"107820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Unused railway lines as a contributor to bird abundance, species richness and diversity in intensively managed farmland"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"326","author":[{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Dylewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Tobolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2017.09.013","article-title":"Two decades of change in a field margin vegetation metacommunity as a result of field margin structure and management practice changes","volume":"251","author":"Alignier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2016.03.014","article-title":"Diversity in the monotony? Habitat traits and management practices shape avian communities in intensive vineyards","volume":"223","author":"Assandri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2003.07.003","article-title":"Factors influencing the plant and invertebrate diversity of arable field margins","volume":"102","author":"Asteraki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2005.12.007","article-title":"Effects of changes in agricultural land-use on landscape structure and arable weed vegetation over the last 50 years","volume":"115","author":"Baessler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"MuMIn: multi-model inference","volume":"1","author":"Barto\u0144","year":"2018","journal-title":"R. Package Version"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12536","article-title":"The role of agri-environment schemes in conservation and environmental management","volume":"29","author":"Bat\u00e1ry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cons. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib7","first-page":"67","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-eff. models using lme","volume":"4","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(03)00011-9","article-title":"Farmland biodiversity: is habitat heterogeneity the key?","volume":"18","author":"Benton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127863","article-title":"Parallel declines in pollinators and insect-pollinated plants in Britain and the Netherlands","volume":"313","author":"Biesmeijer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/01426397708705826","article-title":"After use of surplus railway land","volume":"2","author":"Blackwell","year":"1977","journal-title":"Landsc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2021.650641","article-title":"Avian use of agricultural areas as migration stopover sites: a review of crop management practices and ecological correlates","volume":"9","author":"Blount","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2007.05.010","article-title":"Plant diversity in crop fields and woody hedgerows of organic and conventional farms in contrasting landscapes","volume":"123","author":"Boutin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib13","unstructured":"ter Braak, C.J., Smilauer, P. 2012. Canoco reference manual and user's guide: software for ordination, version 5.0."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107300","article-title":"A regional-scale study of associations between farmland birds and linear woody networks of hedgerows and trees","volume":"310","author":"Broughton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/00063659909461113","article-title":"Coarse and fine scale habitat associations of breeding Skylarks Alauda arvensis in the UK","volume":"46","author":"Chamberlain","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bird. Study"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2006.11.006","article-title":"From roadkill to road ecology: a review of the ecological effects of roads","volume":"15","author":"Coffin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2019.108384","article-title":"Optimizing biodiversity gain of European agriculture through regional targeting and adaptive management of conservation tools","volume":"241","author":"Concepci\u00f3n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2013.10.022","article-title":"Uncropped field margins to mitigate soil carbon losses in agricultural landscapes","volume":"183","author":"D\u2019Acunto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-006-9064-4","article-title":"Are hedgerows effective corridors between fragments of woodland habitat? An evidence-based approach","volume":"22","author":"Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Landsc. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actao.2004.03.002","article-title":"Factors affecting plant species composition of hedgerows: relative importance and hierarchy","volume":"26","author":"Deckers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Oecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib21","first-page":"27","article-title":"The importance of field-margin location for maintenance of food niches for pollinators","volume":"59","author":"Denisow","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Apic. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib22","unstructured":"Development Core Team R 2016. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.13157\/arla.68.2.2021.fo1","article-title":"Environmental objectives of the Spanish agriculture: scientific guidelines for their effective implementation under the Common Agricultural Policy 2023-2030","volume":"68","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ardeola"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donald, P.F., Green, R.E., Heath, M.F. 2001. Agricultural intensification and the collapse of Europe's farmland bird populations. Proc. R. Soc. B 268, 25\u201329. doi: 10.1098\/rspb.2000.1325.","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1325"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib25","first-page":"345","article-title":"Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach","volume":"67","author":"Dufr\u00eane","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ecol. Monogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib26","unstructured":"Durr, F.R. 1961. Economic and Social Effects of Railway Abandonments with Special Reference to Land Use and Taxation. The Ohio State University."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flora.2017.04.004","article-title":"Man-made perching sites\u2013electricity pylons accelerate fleshy-fruited plants succession in farmlands","volume":"231","author":"Dylewski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Flora"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-021-02145-3","article-title":"The importance of traditional agricultural landscapes for preventing species extinctions","volume":"30","author":"Eriksson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biodiv. Cons."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib29","unstructured":"European Commission 2020. Commission Staff Working Document Commission Recommendation For Poland's CAP Strategic Plan. Brussels, 18.12.2020 SWD."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2003.07.003","article-title":"Greenway planning in the United States: its origins and recent case studies","volume":"68","author":"Fabos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lands Urban Plann."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1071\/WR96081","article-title":"The influence of road verges on the use of nearby small shrubland remnants by birds in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia","volume":"24","author":"Fortin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Wildl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-919X.2004.00357.x","article-title":"The relevance of non\u2010farmland habitats, uncropped areas and habitat diversity to the conservation of farmland birds","volume":"146","author":"Fuller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ibis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2010.09.018","article-title":"Landscape composition influences farm management effects on farmland birds in winter: a pan-European approach","volume":"139","author":"Geiger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-007-9088-4","article-title":"Are hedgerows the route to increased farmland small mammal density? use of hedgerows in British pastoral habitats","volume":"22","author":"Gelling","year":"2007","journal-title":"Landsc. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giam, X. 2017. Global biodiversity loss from tropical deforestation. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 114, 5775\u20135777.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706264114"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-919X.2009.00988.x","article-title":"Mid\u2010season shifts in the habitat associations of Yellow Wagtails Motacilla flava breeding in arable farmland","volume":"152","author":"Gilroy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ibis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1890\/07-0692.1","article-title":"Birds in agricultural mosaics: the influence of landscape pattern and countryside heterogeneity","volume":"18","author":"Haslem","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2009.01234.x","article-title":"Response of bird populations to farmland set\u2010aside programs","volume":"23","author":"Herkert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1006\/jema.2000.0360","article-title":"The influence of hedge structure, management and landscape context on the value of hedgerows to birds: a review","volume":"60","author":"Hinsley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib40","series-title":"The Ecology of Hedgerows and Field Margins","first-page":"210","article-title":"Birds of hedgerows and other field boundaries","author":"Hinsley","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib41","first-page":"1","article-title":"An increase in food production in Europe could dramatically affect farmland biodiversity","volume":"2","author":"Jeanneret","year":"2021","journal-title":"Com. Earth Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib42","first-page":"645","article-title":"Rails to trails: converting America\u2019s abandoned railroads into nature trails","volume":"22","author":"Jones","year":"1988","journal-title":"Akron L. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31086","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-06245-0","article-title":"The effect of railways on bird diversity in farmland","volume":"26","author":"Kajzer-Bonk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib44","first-page":"565","article-title":"Railway tracks can have great value for butterflies as a new alternative habitat. Ital.","volume":"82","author":"Kalarus","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/35099540","article-title":"Agri-environment schemes do not effectively protect biodiversity in Dutch agricultural landscapes","volume":"413","author":"Kleijn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2011.05.009","article-title":"Does conservation on farmland contribute to halting the biodiversity decline?","volume":"26","author":"Kleijn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2006.01.003","article-title":"Farmers\u2019 adoption of conservation agriculture: a review and synthesis of recent research","volume":"32","author":"Knowler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/icad.12009","article-title":"Optimal timing of power line rights\u2010of\u2010ways management for the conservation of butterflies","volume":"6","author":"Komonen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Insect Conserv. Divers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-05103-170444","article-title":"Diversified farming systems: an agroecological, systems-based alternative to modern industrial agriculture","volume":"17","author":"Kremen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3161\/00016454AO2019.54.2.005","article-title":"Effect of habitat structure and crop diversity on common and threatened birds breeding in semi-natural field margins","volume":"54","author":"Kujawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Ornithol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib51","first-page":"27","article-title":"The loss of woody linear landscape elements in agriculture landscape in Wielkopolska region (Poland) in 21th century","author":"Kujawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Balt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2013.12.001","article-title":"Agricultural expansion and its impacts on tropical nature","volume":"29","author":"Laurance","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib53","first-page":"216","article-title":"Package \u2018lsmeans\u2019","volume":"34","author":"Lenth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8809(01)00315-2","article-title":"Field margins in northern Europe: their functions and interactions with agriculture","volume":"89","author":"Marshall","year":"2002","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2012.09.004","article-title":"European integration and national models for railway networks (1840\u20132010)","volume":"26","author":"Mart\u00ed-Henneberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13265","article-title":"The interplay of landscape composition and configuration: new pathways to manage functional biodiversity and agroecosystem services across Europe","volume":"22","author":"Martin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(01)00252-X","article-title":"The effect of arable field margin composition on invertebrate biodiversity","volume":"106","author":"Meek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2014.05.006","article-title":"Can roads, railways and related structures have positive effects on birds?\u2013a review","volume":"30","author":"Morelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp. Res. D. Transp. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101297","article-title":"Railway embankments as new habitat for pollinators in an agricultural landscape","volume":"9","author":"Moro\u0144","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1111\/ddi.12600","article-title":"Railway lines affect spatial turnover of pollinator communities in an agricultural landscape","volume":"23","author":"Moro\u0144","year":"2017","journal-title":"Divers. Distrib."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib61","unstructured":"Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F.G., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., O\u2019Hara, R.B., Simpson, G.L., Solymos, P., Stevens, M.H.H.Wagner, H., 2011. Vegan: community ecology package. R package, version 1.17\u201311. Available at: \u3008http:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=vegan\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01678","article-title":"Field sports and conservation in the United Kingdom","volume":"423","author":"Oldfield","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2008.02.003","article-title":"Roadside hedgerows and trees as factors increasing road mortality of birds: implications for management of roadside vegetation in rural landscapes","volume":"86","author":"Or\u0142owski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib64","first-page":"289","article-title":"APE: Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution in R Language","volume":"20","author":"Paradis","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(99)00022-1","article-title":"The effects of management regimes and location in landscape on the conservation of farmland birds breeding in semi-natural pastures","volume":"90","author":"P\u00e4rt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib66","first-page":"125","article-title":"Spontaneous succession in Central\u2010European man\u2010made habitats: What information can be used in restoration practice?","volume":"6","author":"Prach","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Veg. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1002\/pan3.10080","article-title":"Action needed for the EU Common Agricultural Policy to address sustainability challenges","volume":"2","author":"Pe'er","year":"2020","journal-title":"People Nat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1196624","article-title":"Scenarios for global biodiversity in the 21st century","volume":"330","author":"Pereira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1086\/284880","article-title":"Sources, sinks, and population regulation","volume":"132","author":"Pulliam","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. Nat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2002548117","article-title":"Agricultural intensification and climate change are rapidly decreasing insect biodiversity","volume":"118","author":"Raven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.07.009","article-title":"Population trends of birds across the iron curtain: brain matters","volume":"144","author":"Reif","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018385312751","article-title":"Disturbance by traffic of breeding birds: evaluation of the effect and considerations in planning and managing road corridors","volume":"6","author":"Reijnen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2014.03.022","article-title":"A vegetation-based indicator to assess the pollination value of field margin flora","volume":"45","author":"Ricou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib74","unstructured":"Roberts, D.W., 2010. Ordination and Multivariate Analysis for Ecology. R package, version 1.4\u20131. Available at: \u3008http:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=labdsv\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12715","article-title":"Villages and their old farmsteads are hot spots of bird diversity in agricultural landscapes","volume":"53","author":"Rosin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.13566","article-title":"Reduced biodiversity in modernized villages: a conflict between sustainable development goals","volume":"57","author":"Rosin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2020.104835","article-title":"From railways to greenways: a complex index for supporting policy making and planning. a case study in Piedmont (Italy)","volume":"99","author":"Rovelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2007.07.001","article-title":"Plant and invertebrate diversity in grassland field margins","volume":"123","author":"Sheridan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2009.07.005","article-title":"Ecological impacts of early 21st century agricultural change in Europe\u2013a review","volume":"91","author":"Stoate","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2013.07.022","article-title":"Unpaved road verges as hotspots of fleshy-fruited shrub recruitment and establishment","volume":"167","author":"Su\u00e1rez-Esteban","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1080\/00063657.2013.840555","article-title":"Structural heterogeneity of linear habitats positively affects Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria, common whitethroat Sylvia communis and Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca in farmland of Western Poland","volume":"60","author":"Szyma\u0144ski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bird. Study"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2020.108794","article-title":"Living in seasonally dynamic farmland: the role of natural and semi-natural habitats in the movements and habitat selection of a declining bird","volume":"251","author":"Tarjuelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107444","article-title":"Agri-environmental scheme prescriptions and landscape configuration influence taxonomic and functional diversity of farmland birds","volume":"315","author":"Tarjuelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013120529382","article-title":"Road and railway verges serve as dispersal corridors for grassland plants","volume":"16","author":"Tikka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Landsc. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/conl.12022","article-title":"A paradox for conservation: electricity pylons may benefit avian diversity in intensive farmland","volume":"7","author":"Tryjanowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Conserv. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2005.00782.x","article-title":"Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity\u2013ecosystem service management","volume":"8","author":"Tscharntke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2020.03.005","article-title":"Woody elements benefit bird diversity to a larger extent than semi-natural grasslands in cereal-dominated landscapes","volume":"46","author":"Tschumi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Basic Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/avsc.12424","article-title":"Contrasting vegetation change (1974\u20132015) in hedgerows and forests in an intensively used agricultural landscape","volume":"22","author":"Van Den Berge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Veg. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2009.01600.x","article-title":"Do linear landscape elements in farmland act as biological corridors for pollen dispersal?","volume":"98","author":"van Geert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8809(01)00317-6","article-title":"The potential value of managed cereal field margins as foraging habitats for farmland birds in the UK","volume":"89","author":"Vickery","year":"2002","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2009.05.012","article-title":"Arable field margins managed for biodiversity conservation: a review of food resource provision for farmland birds","volume":"133","author":"Vickery","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2009.05.023","article-title":"Importance of hedgerows as habitat corridors for forest plants in agricultural landscapes","volume":"142","author":"Wehling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-015-0528-7","article-title":"Do birds avoid railroads as has been found for roads?","volume":"56","author":"Wi\u0105cek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib94","series-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-010-0645-0","article-title":"Railway transportation as a serious source of organic and inorganic pollution","volume":"218","author":"Wi\u0142komirski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2004.10.029","article-title":"Establishing field margins to promote beetle conservation in arable farms","volume":"107","author":"Woodcock","year":"2005","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib97","unstructured":"World Resources Institute 2020. WRI Annual Report & Corporate Documents 2019. Washington, DC 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/00063657.2016.1270897","article-title":"Patchy versus linear non-cropped habitats in farmland: which is better for nesting success of the red-backed shrike Lanius collurio?","volume":"64","author":"Wozna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bird. Study"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2015.12.007","article-title":"Evaluating conservation tools in Polish grasslands: the occurrence of birds in relation to agri-environment schemes and Natura 2000 areas","volume":"194","author":"\u017bmihorski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."}],"container-title":["Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167880921005247?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167880921005247?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T08:34:55Z","timestamp":1759134895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167880921005247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":99,"alternative-id":["S0167880921005247"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8809","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Unused railway lines as a contributor to bird abundance, species richness and diversity in intensively managed farmland","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2021.107820","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107820"}}