{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T04:41:52Z","timestamp":1770957712700,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFC1302000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1302000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Heart Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T12:13:36Z","timestamp":1571660016000},"page":"147-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Outcome impact of different tranexamic acid regimens in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (OPTIMAL): Rationale, design, and study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenghui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hansong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuxia","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.11.078","article-title":"2011 update to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists blood conservation clinical practice guidelines","volume":"91","author":"Ferraris","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Annals of thoracic surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c92b23","article-title":"High-dose tranexamic acid is associated with nonischemic clinical seizures in cardiac surgical patients","volume":"110","author":"Murkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesia and analgesia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2017.04.026","article-title":"Low-dose versus high-dose tranexamic acid reduces the risk of nonischemic seizures after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"31","author":"Couture","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.1560","article-title":"Protective effects of tranexamic acid on clopidogrel before coronary artery bypass grafting: a multicenter randomized trial","volume":"148","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Myles PS, Smith JA, Kasza J, Silbert B, Jayarajah M, Painter T, et al. Tranexamic acid in coronary artery surgery: one-year results of the Aspirin and Tranexamic Acid for Coronary Artery Surgery (ATACAS) trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019;157(2):644-652 e9.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2018.08.114"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606424","article-title":"Tranexamic acid in patients undergoing coronary-artery surgery","volume":"376","author":"Myles","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200208000-00016","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid during cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"97","author":"Dowd","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182a443e8","article-title":"Comparison of two doses of tranexamic acid in adults undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"120","author":"Sigaut","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802395","article-title":"A comparison of aprotinin and lysine analogues in high-risk cardiac surgery","volume":"358","author":"Fergusson","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200105000-00010","article-title":"Plasma tranexamic acid concentrations during cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"92","author":"Fiechtner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesthesia and analgesia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2007.12.016","article-title":"A preliminary study of a new tranexamic acid dosing schedule for cardiac surgery","volume":"22","author":"Nuttall","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet255","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid in adults undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"111","author":"Grassin-Delyle","year":"2013","journal-title":"British journal of anaesthesia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2013.10.006","article-title":"Comparison of two tranexamic acid dose regimens in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery","volume":"28","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0070","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury","volume":"2","author":"KDIGO","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs184","article-title":"Third universal definition of myocardial infarction","volume":"33","author":"Thygesen","year":"2012","journal-title":"European heart journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-2456(00)00057-X","article-title":"Computations for group sequential boundaries using the Lan-DeMets spending function method","volume":"21","author":"Reboussin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Controlled clinical trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3148.2006.00709.x","article-title":"survey of the demographics of blood use","volume":"17","author":"Cobain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henry DA, Carless PA, Moxey AJ, O'Connell D, Stokes BJ, Fergusson DA, et al. Anti-fibrinolytic use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2011(1):CD001886.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001886.pub4"},{"issue":"9194","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01264-7","article-title":"Pharmacological strategies to decrease excessive blood loss in cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of clinically relevant endpoints","volume":"354","author":"Levi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.671222","article-title":"Meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness and adverse outcomes of antifibrinolytic agents in cardiac surgery","volume":"115","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.5.471","article-title":"Mortality associated with aprotinin during 5 years following coronary artery bypass graft surgery","volume":"297","author":"Mangano","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707571","article-title":"Aprotinin during coronary-artery bypass grafting and risk of death","volume":"358","author":"Schneeweiss","year":"2008","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.07.015","article-title":"Tranexamic acid in on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting without clopidogrel and aspirin cessation: randomized trial and 1-year follow-up","volume":"95","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Annals of thoracic surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12472","article-title":"Effects of tranexamic acid on short-term and long-term outcomes of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: randomized trial and 7-year follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovascular therapeutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199502000-00009","article-title":"The dose-response relationship of tranexamic acid","volume":"82","author":"Horrow","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andersson L, Nilsoon IM, Colleen S, Granstrand B, Melander B. Role of urokinase and tissue activator in sustaining bleeding and the management thereof with EACA and AMCA. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1968;146(2):642-58.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1968.tb20322.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830380208","article-title":"Effect of tranexamic acid on platelet ADP during extracorporeal circulation","volume":"38","author":"Soslau","year":"1991","journal-title":"American journal of hematology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0140","first-page":"63","article-title":"Nesralla IA. A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study with tranexamic acid of bleeding and fibrinolytic activity after primary coronary artery bypass grafting. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research =","volume":"39","author":"Santos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0145","first-page":"633","article-title":"All-Literature Investigation of Cardiovascular Evidence g. Seizures associated with tranexamic acid for cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized studies","volume":"58","author":"Takagi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-014-9967-x","article-title":"A prospective observational study of seizures after cardiac surgery using continuous EEG monitoring","volume":"21","author":"Gofton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurocritical care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12516","article-title":"The association between tranexamic acid and convulsive seizures after cardiac surgery: a multivariate analysis in 11 529 patients","volume":"69","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2009.03.021","article-title":"A comparison before and after aprotinin was suspended in cardiac surgery: different results in the real world from a single cardiac center in China","volume":"138","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.02.006","article-title":"Effects of aprotinin on short-term and long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery","volume":"89","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Annals of thoracic surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1177\/0267659112458335","article-title":"Analysis of cardiopulmonary bypass status in China: eight-year development trends","volume":"28","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcx021","article-title":"Trends in mortality and major complications for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting among urban teaching hospitals in China: 2004 to 2013","volume":"3","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"European heart journal Quality of care & clinical outcomes"}],"container-title":["American Heart Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002870319302686?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002870319302686?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T06:04:48Z","timestamp":1757570688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002870319302686"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0002870319302686"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8703"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-8703","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Outcome impact of different tranexamic acid regimens in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (OPTIMAL): Rationale, design, and study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Heart Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.09.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}