{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:31:04Z","timestamp":1780986664990,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Heart Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T18:11:21Z","timestamp":1601662281000},"page":"82-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves the ventricular function of patients with Fontan physiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Jeremiah","family":"Joyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward T.","family":"O'Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas Y.","family":"Mah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Harrild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.05.076","article-title":"Fontan palliation in the modern era: factors impacting mortality and morbidity","volume":"88","author":"Tweddell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2015.11.006","article-title":"The relentless effects of the Fontan paradox","volume":"19","author":"Rychik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.07.065","article-title":"40-Year follow-up after the Fontan operation: long-term outcomes of 1,052 patients","volume":"66","author":"Pundi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11 Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0020","first-page":"S32","article-title":"Redefining expectations of long-term survival after the Fontan procedure: twenty-five years of follow-up from the entire population of Australia and New Zealand","volume":"130","author":"d'Udekem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.738559","article-title":"Long-term survival, modes of death, and predictors of mortality in patients with Fontan surgery","volume":"117","author":"Khairy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)89191-6","article-title":"Long-term outcome in patients with pacemakers following the Fontan operation","volume":"77","author":"Fishberger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.06.006","article-title":"The effects of right ventricular apical pacing on ventricular function and dyssynchrony implications for therapy","volume":"54","author":"Tops","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.08.019","article-title":"Outcomes of cardiac pacing in adult patients after a Fontan operation","volume":"194","author":"Egbe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2012.00692.x","article-title":"Comparison of Fontan survivors with and without pacemakers: a report from the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"8","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2019.06.019","article-title":"Outcome of patients with functional single ventricular heart after pacemaker implantation: what makes it poor, and what can we do?","volume":"16","author":"Kodama","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.03.035","article-title":"Ventricular pacing in single ventricles\u2014a bad combination","volume":"14","author":"Bulic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2007.01014.x","article-title":"New-onset heart failure after permanent right ventricular apical pacing in patients with acquired high-grade atrioventricular block and normal left ventricular function","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum008","article-title":"Evolution of left ventricular function in paediatric patients with permanent right ventricular pacing for isolated congenital heart block: a medium term follow-up","volume":"9","author":"Vatasescu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2006.00741.x","article-title":"Ventricular function and long-term pacing in children with congenital complete atrioventricular block","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3766","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000150336.86033.8D","article-title":"Detrimental ventricular remodeling in patients with congenital complete heart block and chronic right ventricular apical pacing","volume":"110","author":"Thambo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2004.00545.x","article-title":"Chronic right ventricular pacing and cardiac performance: the pediatric perspective","volume":"27","author":"Karpawich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01302-X","article-title":"Left ventricular dysfunction after long-term right ventricular apical pacing in the young","volume":"37","author":"Tantengco","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1999.tb00631.x","article-title":"Altered cardiac histology following apical right ventricular pacing in patients with congenital atrioventricular block","volume":"22","author":"Karpawich","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.08.032","article-title":"2012 ACCF\/AHA\/HRS focused update of the 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"144","author":"Tracy","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.04.026","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT): clinical trials, guidelines, and target populations","volume":"9","author":"Linde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.02.051","article-title":"Improvement in clinical outcomes with biventricular versus right ventricular pacing: the BLOCK HF study","volume":"67","author":"Curtis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1210356","article-title":"Biventricular pacing for atrioventricular block and systolic dysfunction","volume":"368","author":"Curtis","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001383","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy for pediatric patients with heart failure and congenital heart disease: a reappraisal of results","volume":"129","author":"Motonaga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2006.00565.x","article-title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy following right ventricular pacing for AV block in young patients: resolution after upgrading to biventricular pacing systems","volume":"17","author":"Moak","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01274.x","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy (and multisite pacing) in pediatrics and congenital heart disease: five years experience in a single institution","volume":"20","author":"Cecchin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2008.160465","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronisation therapy in paediatric and congenital heart disease: differential effects in various anatomical and functional substrates","volume":"95","author":"Janousek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.04.065","article-title":"Ventricular resynchronization by multisite pacing improves myocardial performance in the postoperative single-ventricle patient","volume":"78","author":"Bacha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.05.096","article-title":"Resynchronization therapy in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients: an international multicenter study","volume":"46","author":"Dubin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0145","article-title":"Impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy on heart transplant-free survival in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients","volume":"13","author":"Chubb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2018.07.004","article-title":"Dual-site ventricular pacing in patients with Fontan physiology and heart block: does it mitigate the detrimental effects of single-site ventricular pacing?","volume":"4","author":"O'Leary","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2011.07.006","article-title":"Non-geometric echocardiographic indices of ventricular function in patients with a Fontan circulation","volume":"24","author":"Rhodes","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.02.081","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of exercise performance during the first two decades of life following the Fontan operation","volume":"52","author":"Paridon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044352","article-title":"Results of the FUEL trial","volume":"141","author":"Goldberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.1997.tb00713.x","article-title":"Comparison between the mean dP\/dt during isovolumetric contraction and other echocardiographic indexes of ventricular systolic function","volume":"14","author":"Rhodes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.6.2693","article-title":"A new noninvasive method for the estimation of peak dP\/dt","volume":"88","author":"Rhodes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2006.06.006","article-title":"Left ventricular Tei index in children: comparison of tissue Doppler imaging, pulsed wave Doppler, and M-mode echocardiography normal values","volume":"19","author":"Cui","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2017.01.015","article-title":"16 Years of cardiac resynchronization pacing among congenital heart disease patients: direct contractility (dP\/dt-max) screening when the guidelines do not apply","volume":"3","author":"Karpawich","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-019-01369-2","article-title":"Evaluating the response to cardiac resynchronization therapy performed with a new ventricular morphology-based strategy for congenital heart disease","volume":"34","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euq169","article-title":"Optimization of myocardial strain imaging and speckle tracking for resynchronization after congenital heart surgery in children","volume":"12","author":"Madriago","year":"2010","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e186","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.012205","article-title":"Successful permanent resynchronization for failing right ventricle after repair of tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"130","author":"Kubu\u0161","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.09.001","article-title":"Right ventricular resynchronization in a child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Materna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14376","article-title":"Successful biventricular cardiac resynchronization therapy in a failing Fontan patient: implications of ventriculo-ventricular interdependency in single ventricle physiology","volume":"36","author":"Udink Ten Cate","year":"2019","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.53.2.293","article-title":"Influence of acute changes in preload, afterload, contractile state and heart rate on ejection and isovolumic indices of myocardial contractility in man","volume":"53","author":"Quinones","year":"1976","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(75)90048-X","article-title":"Effects of changes in preload, afterload and inotropic state on ejection and isovolumic phase measures of contractility in the conscious dog","volume":"35","author":"Mahler","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-307467","article-title":"The Fontan circulation after 45 years: update in physiology","volume":"102","author":"Gewillig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2013.09.010","article-title":"Failure of the Fontan circulation","volume":"10","author":"Gewillig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Fail Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004515","article-title":"Hemodynamics of Fontan failure: the role of pulmonary vascular disease","volume":"10","author":"Egbe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2014.07.007","article-title":"Inadequate venous return as a primary cause for Fontan circulatory limitation","volume":"33","author":"Opotowsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"}],"container-title":["American Heart Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000287032030274X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000287032030274X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T06:05:23Z","timestamp":1757570723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000287032030274X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S000287032030274X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8703"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-8703","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves the ventricular function of patients with Fontan physiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Heart Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.09.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}