{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:03:07Z","timestamp":1793329387434,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Intensive Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:35:35Z","timestamp":1768570535000},"page":"100008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Physiopathology of fibrinolysis in sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation: Emerging mechanisms and pharmacological targets"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Marine","family":"Tschirhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maeva","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Curtiaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Angles-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferhat","family":"Meziani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Toti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Helms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05753.x","article-title":"The interactions between inflammation and coagulation","volume":"131","author":"Esmon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3345","article-title":"Thrombosis as an intravascular effector of innate immunity","volume":"13","author":"Engelmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0015","first-page":"150","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in sepsis","volume":"11","author":"Boisram\u00e9-Helms","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-017-0339-5","article-title":"Immunohaemostasis: a new view on haemostasis during sepsis","volume":"7","author":"Delabranche","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1616068","volume":"86","author":"Taylor","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtha.2025.03.038","article-title":"Updated definition and scoring of disseminated intravascular coagulation in 2025: communication from the ISTH SSC subcommittee on disseminated intravascular coagulation","author":"Iba","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2993-x","article-title":"Microparticles are new biomarkers of septic shock-induced disseminated intravascular coagulopathy","volume":"39","author":"Delabranche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e930","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001836","article-title":"on behalf to the Clinical Research in Intensive Care and Sepsis Network. Early detection of disseminated intravascular coagulation during septic shock: a multicenter prospective study","volume":"44","author":"Delabranche","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8050728","article-title":"Advance in the management of sepsis-induced coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"8","author":"Iba","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-023-06980-6","article-title":"How to manage coagulopathies in critically ill patients","volume":"49","author":"Helms","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.37051\/mir-00122","article-title":"Coagulopathie et sepsis","author":"Helms","year":"2022","journal-title":"M\u00e9decine Intensive R\u00e9animation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.309846","article-title":"Tissue factor: an essential mediator of hemostasis and trigger of thrombosis","volume":"38","author":"Grover","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s44313-024-00040-8","article-title":"Back to basics: the coagulation pathway","volume":"59","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria","volume":"303","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-04-457671","article-title":"NETosis: how vital is it?","volume":"122","author":"Yipp","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2184","article-title":"Reciprocal coupling of coagulation and innate immunity via neutrophil serine proteases","volume":"16","author":"Massberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3536(05)80268-9","article-title":"Mechanisms of physiological fibrinolysis","volume":"8","author":"Lijnen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bailli\u00e8res Clin Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1160\/TH13-06-0517","article-title":"Human tissue-type plasminogen activator","volume":"112","author":"Kruithof","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0100","article-title":"Phenotypes of disseminated intravascular coagulation","author":"Wada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0105","series-title":"Physiologie et exploration de la fibrinolyse","first-page":"12","author":"Gaussem","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1276586","article-title":"The Plasma Contact System 2.0","volume":"37","author":"Maas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2012.08.284","article-title":"Crosstalk of the plasma contact system with bacteria","volume":"130","author":"Nickel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021571","article-title":"Distinguishing plasmin-generating microvesicles: tiny messengers involved in fibrinolysis and proteolysis","volume":"24","author":"Plawinski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1684\/hma.2011.0656","article-title":"Fibrinolysis, new concepts: fibrinolytic microvesicles and cross-talk","volume":"17","author":"Plawinski","year":"2011","journal-title":"H\u00e9matologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-02-069997","article-title":"Activation of plasminogen into plasmin at the surface of endothelial microparticles: a mechanism that modulates angiogenic properties of endothelial progenitor cells in vitro","volume":"110","author":"Lacroix","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1160\/TH09-01-0038","article-title":"Leukocyte urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and PSGL1 play a role in endogenous arterial fibrinolysis","volume":"102","author":"Bai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/368419a0","article-title":"Physiological consequences of loss of plasminogen activator gene function in mice","volume":"368","author":"Carmeliet","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"177","key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0145","first-page":"1189","article-title":"Endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator is protective during Escherichia coli-induced abdominal sepsis in mice","volume":"2006","author":"Renckens","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Immunol Baltim Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02516.x","article-title":"Serpins in thrombosis, hemostasis and fibrinolysis","volume":"5","author":"Rau","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15647","article-title":"Alpha\u20102\u2010macroglobulin in hemostasis And thrombosis: An underestimated old double\u2010edged sword","volume":"20","author":"Lagrange","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000244680.14653.9a","article-title":"Regulation of fibrinolysis by thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, an unstable carboxypeptidase B that unites the pathways of coagulation and fibrinolysis","volume":"26","author":"Mosnier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2012.01.015","article-title":"A low TAFI activity and insufficient activation of fibrinolysis by both plasmin and neutrophil elastase promote organ dysfunction in disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with sepsis","volume":"130","author":"Hayakawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(01)00331-0","article-title":"Activity and antigen levels of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor in plasma of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"104","author":"Watanabe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-005-1079-4","article-title":"Plasma antigen levels of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor did not differ in patients with or without disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"84","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029607305580","article-title":"Plasma thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor changes following sepsis","volume":"13","author":"Ravindranath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2011.10.031","article-title":"Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor: at the nexus of fibrinolysis and inflammation","volume":"129","author":"Colucci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001089","article-title":"Thrombin provokes degranulation of platelet \u03b1-granules leading to the release of active plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)","volume":"50","author":"Huebner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2721","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052721","article-title":"A narrative review on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and its (Patho)Physiological role: to target or not to target?","volume":"22","author":"Sillen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8171","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.8171","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1-deficient mice have an enhanced IFN-\u03b3 Response to lipopolysaccharide and staphylococcal enterotoxin B","volume":"177","author":"Renckens","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-05-025197","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 is protective during severe Gram-negative pneumonia","volume":"109","author":"Renckens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04473.x","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor type I contributes to protective immunity during experimental Gram\u2010negative sepsis (melioidosis)","volume":"9","author":"Kager","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-015-0075-6","article-title":"Recent advances in disseminated intravascular coagulation: endothelial cells and fibrinolysis in sepsis-induced DIC","volume":"3","author":"Madoiwa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6371","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-02-333203","article-title":"The antifibrinolytic function of factor XIII is exclusively expressed through \u03b12-antiplasmin cross-linking","volume":"117","author":"Fraser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3109\/00365518009095590","article-title":"Binding of urokinase to plasma proteinase inhibitors","volume":"40","author":"Holmberg","year":"1980","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12563","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612563","article-title":"The crossroads of the coagulation system and the immune system: interactions and connections","volume":"24","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2520","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.12.2520.2520","article-title":"Experimental endotoxemia in humans: analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement pathways","volume":"76","author":"van Deventer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0880587","article-title":"Plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor i release during experimental endotoxaemia in chimpanzees: effect of interventions in the cytokine and coagulation cascades","volume":"88","author":"Biemond","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0368-3","article-title":"Innate immunity to intracellular LPS","volume":"20","author":"Rathinam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.3.599","article-title":"Comparison of the early dynamics of systemic prostacyclin release after administration of tumor necrosis factor and endotoxin to healthy humans","volume":"164","author":"Van Der Poll","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10396","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)81633-7","article-title":"Regulation of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor gene expression in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells","volume":"264","author":"Sawdey","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-017-0238-8","article-title":"Usefulness of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 as a predictive marker of mortality in sepsis","volume":"5","author":"Hoshino","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.05.009","article-title":"Clinical investigation of the utility of A pair of coagulation-fibrinolysis markers for definite diagnosis of sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation: a single-center, diagnostic, prospective, observational study","volume":"192","author":"Masuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646614","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1: a new prognostic marker in septic shock","volume":"61","author":"Pralong","year":"1989","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199511000-00009","article-title":"Cytokines and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in posttrauma disseminated intravascular coagulation: relationship to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Gando","year":"1995","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199202000-00007","article-title":"Patterns of cytokines, plasma endotoxin, plasminogen activator inhibitor, and acute-phase proteins during the treatment of severe sepsis in humans","volume":"20","author":"Dofferhoff","year":"1992","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1532\/IJH97.05190","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 promotes a poor prognosis in sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"84","author":"Madoiwa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-001-1139-8","article-title":"Activation of the fibrinolytic system and utilization of the coagulation inhibitors in sepsis: comparison with severe sepsis and septic shock","volume":"27","author":"Mavrommatis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200106000-00015","article-title":"An enhanced fibrinolysis prevents the development of multiple organ failure in disseminated intravascular coagulation in spite of much activation of blood coagulation","volume":"29","author":"Asakura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03787.x","article-title":"What has been learnt from the thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor-deficient mouse?","volume":"8","author":"Morser","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1334140","article-title":"Role of fibrinolysis in sepsis","volume":"39","author":"Gando","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3090977","article-title":"Bound plasminogen is rate-limiting for cell-surface-mediated activation of plasminogen by urokinase","volume":"309","author":"Namiranian","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.7.1883","article-title":"Superficial accumulation of plasminogen during plasma clot lysis","volume":"92","author":"Sakharov","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41949","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.301218","article-title":"Effects of extracellular DNA on plasminogen activation and fibrinolysis","volume":"286","author":"Komissarov","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14270","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201901363RRR","article-title":"DNA\u2010bound elastase of neutrophil extracellular traps degrades plasminogen, reduces plasmin formation, and decreases fibrinolysis: proof of concept in septic shock plasma","volume":"33","author":"Cruz","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14482","article-title":"Proposal of a two\u2010step process for the diagnosis of sepsis\u2010induced disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"17","author":"Iba","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"411","key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0335","article-title":"Diagnosis of sepsis\u2010induced disseminated intravascular coagulation and coagulopathy","volume":"2","author":"Iba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acute Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-025-01434-2","article-title":"Biomarkers of sepsis-induced coagulopathy: diagnostic insights and potential therapeutic implications","volume":"15","author":"Curtiaud","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000719","article-title":"Evidence of netosis in septic shock-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"47","author":"Delabranche","year":"2017","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1132","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001851","article-title":"Neutrophil fluorescence: a new indicator of cell activation during septic shock-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"44","author":"Stiel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-016-0117-x","article-title":"Proposal for new diagnostic criteria for DIC from the Japanese Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis","volume":"14","author":"Asakura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01218","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 for predicting sepsis severity and mortality outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Tipoe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2013.09.033","article-title":"Age- and sex-dependent reference intervals for D-dimer: evidence for a marked increase by age","volume":"132","author":"Haase","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0370","first-page":"799","article-title":"Assay of products of fibrin and fibrinogen degradation in disseminated intravascular coagulations. Evaluation of a new technique","volume":"24","author":"Borschneck","year":"1995","journal-title":"Presse Medicale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtha.2023.01.008","article-title":"Assays to quantify fibrinolysis: strengths and limitations. Communication from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Scientific and Standardization Committee on fibrinolysis","volume":"21","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104602","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1104602","article-title":"Increased thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor activity is associated with hypofibrinolysis in dogs with sepsis","volume":"10","author":"Sotos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003911","article-title":"Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of fibrinolytic shutdown after severe injury: the role of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor","volume":"94","author":"Coleman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1725096","article-title":"Fibrinolytic alterations in sepsis: biomarkers and future treatment targets","volume":"47","author":"Larsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6055","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14176055","article-title":"The fibrinolytic system in bacterial sepsis: a comprehensive review of current assessment methods","volume":"14","author":"Scarlatescu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3390\/life13020350","article-title":"Sepsis-induced coagulopathy: an update on pathophysiology, biomarkers, and current guidelines","volume":"13","author":"Tsantes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103083441001","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis","volume":"344","author":"Bernard","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202290","article-title":"Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) in adults with septic shock","volume":"366","author":"Ranieri","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.5358","article-title":"Effect of a recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin on mortality in patients with sepsis-associated coagulopathy: the SCARLET randomized clinical trial","volume":"321","author":"Vincent","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0425","first-page":"e168","article-title":"Outcome of early hemostatic intervention in children with sepsis and nonovert disseminated intravascular coagulation admitted to PICU: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"El-Nawawy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med J Soc Crit Care Med World Fed Pediatr Intensive Crit Care Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2799-5","article-title":"Effect of therapeutic plasma exchange on endothelial activation and coagulation-related parameters in septic shock","volume":"24","author":"Stahl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10760296211053313","article-title":"Therapeutic plasma exchange protects patients with sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation by improving endothelial function","volume":"27","author":"Weng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.4.1175","article-title":"Thrombolysis and reocclusion in experimental jugular vein and coronary artery thrombosis","volume":"91","author":"Biemond","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1656086","article-title":"The Fab-fragment of a PAI-1 inhibiting antibody reduces thrombus size and restores blood flow in a rat model of arterial thrombosis","volume":"77","author":"van Giezen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1021\/jm049766q","article-title":"Tiplaxtinin, a novel, orally efficacious inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1: design, synthesis, and preclinical characterization","volume":"47","author":"Elokdah","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.03063.x","article-title":"Effect of tiplaxtinin (PAI\u2010039), an orally bioavailable PAI\u20101 antagonist, in a rat model of thrombosis","volume":"6","author":"Hennan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.084129","article-title":"Evaluation of PAI-039 [{1-Benzyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1 H-indol-3-yl}(oxo)acetic Acid], a Novel Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Inhibitor, in a Canine Model of Coronary Artery Thrombosis","volume":"314","author":"Hennan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110528","article-title":"Embelin ameliorated sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation intensities by simultaneously suppressing inflammation and thrombosis","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.85.4.1421","article-title":"Effect of urokinase on disseminated intravascular coagulation","volume":"85","author":"Vasquez","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480106700417","article-title":"Treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a final report on a phase I study","volume":"67","author":"Hardaway","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-9560-4-7","article-title":"Antithrombin III (AT) and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (R-TPA) used singly and in combination versus supportive care for treatment of endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the neonatal pig","volume":"4","author":"Davis-Jackson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-6205(02)00095-X","article-title":"Successful treatment of fulminant pneumococcal sepsis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator","volume":"13","author":"Akol","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199706000-00028","article-title":"Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator restores perfusion in meningococcal purpura fulminans","volume":"25","author":"Aiuto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000133667.86429.5D","article-title":"Use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in children with meningococcal purpura fulminans: a retrospective study","volume":"32","author":"Zenz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11910","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-3164","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and pharmacoeconomics of sivelestat sodium in the treatment of septic acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s44231-023-00032-9","article-title":"Effect of sivelestat in the treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intensive Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2665","article-title":"The neutrophil elastase inhibitor, sivelestat, attenuates sepsis-related kidney injury in rats","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3181aa95c4","article-title":"Sivelestat (selective neutrophil elastase inhibitor) improves the mortality rate of sepsis associated with both acute respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation patients","volume":"33","author":"Hayakawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008_bib516","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-025-08280-7","article-title":"Low plasminogen and impaired fibrinolysis in sepsis-induced DIC: a potential mechanistic link and therapeutic perspective","author":"Helms","year":"2026","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"}],"container-title":["Annals of Intensive Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2110582025020229?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2110582025020229?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T09:39:06Z","timestamp":1791970746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2110582025020229"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":102,"alternative-id":["S2110582025020229"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008","relation":{},"ISSN":["2110-5820"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2110-5820","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Physiopathology of fibrinolysis in sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation: Emerging mechanisms and pharmacological targets","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Intensive Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aicoj.2025.100008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de R\u00e9animation de Langue Fran\u00e7aise (French Intensive Care Society).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100008"}}