{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:15:43Z","timestamp":1784852143127,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T20:33:46Z","timestamp":1689021226000},"page":"672-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["An Umbrella Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions, Excluding Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, Initiated in the Hospital for Adults with or at Risk of Malnutrition"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8187-7415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvin","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingxiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemyslaw M.","family":"Sowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merrilyn D.","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith D.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.07.005","article-title":"Costs of malnutrition in institutionalized and community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Abizanda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2020.06.001","article-title":"Hospital malnutrition in northeast and southeast Asia: a systematic literature review","volume":"39","author":"Inciong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.13015","article-title":"Interventions to optimise nutrition in older people in hospitals and long-term care: umbrella review","volume":"36","author":"Brunner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand. J. Caring Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.06.025","article-title":"ESPEN guidelines on nutritional support for polymorbid internal medicine patients","volume":"37","author":"Gomes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib5","series-title":"Nutrition support for adults: oral nutrition support, enteral tube feeding and parenteral nutrition (CG32)","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3945\/an.114.007492","article-title":"Understanding nutritional epidemiology and its role in policy","volume":"6","author":"Satija","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.15138","article-title":"Association of nutritional support with clinical outcomes among medical inpatients who are malnourished or at nutritional risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Gomes","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12210","article-title":"The mass production of redundant, misleading, and conflicted systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"94","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7314.681","article-title":"The need for caution in interpreting high quality systematic reviews","volume":"323","author":"Hopayian","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.19325","article-title":"Limitations of meta-analyses of studies with high heterogeneity","volume":"3","author":"Imrey","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.08.003","article-title":"Nutritional trials using high protein strategies and long duration of support show strongest clinical effects on mortality: results of an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Kaegi-Braun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib12","first-page":"CD009840","article-title":"Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at-risk adults","volume":"12","author":"Baldwin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib13","first-page":"Cd011598","article-title":"Nutrition support in hospitalised adults at nutritional risk","volume":"5","author":"Feinberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa108","article-title":"Quality of the evidence supporting the role of oral nutritional supplements in the management of malnutrition: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"12","author":"Baldwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib15","first-page":"1411","article-title":"A\u00a0guide to interpreting discordant systematic reviews","volume":"156","author":"Jadad","year":"1997","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-15","article-title":"Methodology in conducting a systematic review of systematic reviews of healthcare interventions","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j4008","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","article-title":"AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both","volume":"358","author":"Shea","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.11.007","article-title":"Systematic review finds overlapping reviews were not mentioned in every other overview","volume":"67","author":"Pieper","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.02.012","article-title":"A\u00a0proposed framework to guide evidence synthesis practice for meta-analysis with zero-events studies","volume":"135","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1761","article-title":"What to add to nothing? Use and avoidance of continuity corrections in meta-analysis of sparse data","volume":"23","author":"Sweeting","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6977.452","article-title":"The number needed to treat: a clinically useful measure of treatment effect","volume":"310","author":"Cook","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.10.019","article-title":"The statistical significance of randomized controlled trial results is frequently fragile: a case for a fragility index","volume":"67","author":"Walsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1594","article-title":"Robust Bayesian meta-analysis: model-averaging across complementary publication bias adjustment methods","volume":"14","author":"Barto\u0161","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Methods."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib29","series-title":"JASP","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib30","first-page":"CD002008","article-title":"Dietary advice with or without oral nutritional supplements for disease-related malnutrition in adults","volume":"2021","author":"Baldwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.05.032","article-title":"The role of non-dietetic healthcare professionals in managing interventions among adults at risk of malnutrition: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Dabbous","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2017.01.013","article-title":"J.\u00a0Carrier, J. Hopkinson, Assistance at mealtimes in hospital settings and rehabilitation units for patients (>65 years) from the perspective of patients, families and healthcare professionals: a mixed methods systematic review","volume":"69","author":"Edwards","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-040146","article-title":"Effectiveness of combined exercise and nutrition interventions in prefrail or frail older hospitalised patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0847-2","article-title":"The impact of trained volunteer mealtime assistants on dietary intake and satisfaction with mealtime care in adult hospital inpatients: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Howson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Nutr. Health Aging."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.06.008","article-title":"The effectiveness of trained volunteer delivered interventions in adults at risk of malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Latif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12529","article-title":"Can fortified foods and snacks increase the energy and protein intake of hospitalised older patients? A systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Mills","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2016.11.002","article-title":"Protected mealtimes in hospitals and nutritional intake: systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"65","author":"Porter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2018.07.002","article-title":"Effectiveness of multidisciplinary nutritional support in older hospitalised patients: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"27","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12608","article-title":"Nutrition interventions implemented in hospital to lower risk of sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials","volume":"77","author":"Rus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12651","article-title":"Dietitian assistant opportunities within the nutrition care process for patients with or at risk of malnutrition: a systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Rushton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15153","article-title":"Interventions to prevent and treat malnutrition in older adults to be carried out by nurses: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Ten Cate","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2021.103888","article-title":"Effects of nursing nutrition interventions on outcomes in malnourished hospital inpatients and nursing home residents: a systematic review","volume":"117","author":"van den Berg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.12891","article-title":"Interventions for malnutrition in hospitalized adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Uhl","year":"2022","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hosp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2395","article-title":"Effectiveness of dietary\u00a0counselling with or without nutritional supplementation in hospitalised\u00a0patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Wong","year":"2022","journal-title":"JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib45","series-title":"AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. Malnutrition in Hospitalized Adults: A Systematic Review","author":"Uhl","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e654","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00171-4","article-title":"Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements in frail\u00a0older people who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Thomson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.013","article-title":"Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Wetterslev","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-34","article-title":"The thresholds for statistical and clinical significance - a five-step procedure for evaluation of intervention effects in randomised clinical trials","volume":"14","author":"Jakobsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-015-0004-8","article-title":"Quantifying the risk of error when interpreting funnel plots","volume":"4","author":"Simmonds","year":"2015","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.11.002","article-title":"Systematic reviews experience major limitations in reporting absolute effects","volume":"72","author":"Alonso-Coello","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib51","article-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022)","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003_bib52","first-page":"346","article-title":"The fragility index: a P-value in sheep's clothing?","volume":"38","author":"Carter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000291652366023X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000291652366023X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T06:58:18Z","timestamp":1757573898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000291652366023X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S000291652366023X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An Umbrella Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions, Excluding Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, Initiated in the Hospital for Adults with or at Risk of Malnutrition","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.07.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}