{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:49:29Z","timestamp":1792698569738,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Carlos III Health Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/00071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/00071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021 SGR 00144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021 SGR 00144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014139","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018490","name":"Soy Nutrition Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018490","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012009","name":"United Soybean Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Government of Catalonia Agency for Administration of University and Research Grants","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T15:37:16Z","timestamp":1769701036000},"page":"101220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Plasma n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and risk for dementia: a prospective observational study from the United Kingdom Biobank"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5038-2794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleix","family":"Sala-Vila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Tintle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Westra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"DeJong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paige","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha A","family":"Belury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2015.02.001","article-title":"Lipid membrane domains in the brain","volume":"1851","author":"Aureli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)42702-6","article-title":"Distribution and fatty acid composition of phosphoglycerides in normal human brain","volume":"9","author":"Svennerholm","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3820","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites in brain function and disease","volume":"15","author":"Bazinet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadc9317","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adc9317","article-title":"Brain lipidomics: from functional landscape to clinical significance","volume":"8","author":"Yoon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1430465","article-title":"New insights in lipid metabolism: potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutos.2024.05.012","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids as a nutraceutical for age-related neurodegenerative diseases: current knowledge and future directions","volume":"56","author":"\u015eim\u015fek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. Open Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.04.001","article-title":"The relationship of omega-3 fatty acids with dementia and cognitive decline: evidence from prospective cohort studies of supplementation, dietary intake, and blood markers","volume":"117","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/21551197.2012.752335","article-title":"The omega-6\/omega-3 ratio and dementia or cognitive decline: a systematic review on human studies and biological evidence","volume":"32","author":"Loef","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0460.1000410","article-title":"Vegetable oil: the real culprit behind Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Yamashima","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis. Parkinsonism."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib10","series-title":"Can seed oils cause dementia?","year":"2023"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4272","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16244272","article-title":"Dietary N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and brain health in middle-aged and elderly adults","volume":"16","author":"Gu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-023-00778-6","article-title":"Circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study of 440,750 participants","volume":"45","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100297","article-title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids, APOE genotypes, and dementia incidence and mortality among hypertensive adults","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30307-8","article-title":"Omega-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of individual-level data for 39,740 adults from 20 prospective cohort studies","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038908","article-title":"Biomarkers of dietary omega-6 fatty acids and incident cardiovascular disease and mortality","volume":"139","author":"Marklund","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2024.08.020","article-title":"Plasma n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and risk for total and cause-specific mortality: a prospective observational study from the UK Biobank","volume":"120","author":"Harris","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779","article-title":"UK Biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age","volume":"12","author":"Sudlow","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36231-7","article-title":"Atlas of plasma NMR biomarkers for health and disease in 118,461 individuals from the UK Biobank","volume":"14","author":"Julkunen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00499-1","article-title":"Identifying dementia outcomes in UK Biobank: a validation study of primary care, hospital admissions and mortality data","volume":"34","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib20","series-title":"Regression modeling strategies: with applications to linear models, logistic and ordinal regression, and survival analysis","author":"Harrell","year":"2015"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610214001574","article-title":"Young onset dementia\u2014what does the name imply?","volume":"26","author":"Koopmans","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-3278(99)80021-0","article-title":"In vivo conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid in human adults","volume":"60","author":"Salem","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3945\/an.114.007732","article-title":"Advances in our understanding of oxylipins derived from dietary PUFAs","volume":"6","author":"Gabbs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmaa072","article-title":"Intake of \u03c9 -6 polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich vegetable oils and risk of lifestyle diseases","volume":"11","author":"Yamashima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2008.03.003","article-title":"Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and blood in humans and its use as a biomarker of dietary intake","volume":"47","author":"Hodson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122356","article-title":"Important roles of linoleic acid and \u03b1-linolenic acid in regulating cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric issues in metabolic-related dementia","volume":"337","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2020.102159","article-title":"Genetic variants in FADS1 and ELOVL2 increase level of arachidonic acid and the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the Tunisian population","volume":"160","author":"Hammouda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230083","article-title":"Circulating omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, cognitive decline, and dementia in older adults","volume":"95","author":"de Oliveira Otto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2018.03.003","article-title":"The omega-6:omega-3 ratio: a critical appraisal and possible successor","volume":"132","author":"Harris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx246","article-title":"Comparison of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of UK Biobank participants with those of the general population","volume":"186","author":"Fry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916526000298?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916526000298?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T15:20:14Z","timestamp":1776180014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916526000298"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916526000298"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Plasma n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and risk for dementia: a prospective observational study from the United Kingdom Biobank","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101220","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101220"}}