{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T12:12:58Z","timestamp":1793016778429,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015539","name":"Commonwealth of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015539","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T16:20:03Z","timestamp":1780935603000},"page":"101384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of 12-month probiotic supplementation on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in early postmenopausal females: A double-blind randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Resciniti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0809-4477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pauline","family":"Dacaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanny","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammy","family":"Esmaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antony","family":"Vinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hericka BF","family":"Galv\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ghasem-Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica R","family":"Biesiekierski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3009-6675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Moschonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4704-5","volume":"30","author":"Kanis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-020-00871-9","article-title":"SCOPE 2021: a new scorecard for osteoporosis in Europe","volume":"16","author":"Kanis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Osteoporos."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3640","article-title":"The cost of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and associated fractures in Australia in 2017","volume":"34","author":"Tatangelo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.06.004","article-title":"Half the burden of fragility fractures in the community occur in females without osteoporosis. When is fracture prevention cost-effective?","volume":"38","author":"Sanders","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022464","article-title":"Bone loss and bone size after menopause","volume":"349","author":"Ahlborg","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-002-1329-4","article-title":"Endogenous hormones and bone turnover markers in pre- and perimenopausal females: SWAN","volume":"14","author":"Sowers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1836","article-title":"Hormone predictors of bone mineral density changes during the menopausal transition","volume":"91","author":"Sowers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-009-0021-4","article-title":"Bone loss or lost bone: rationale and recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of early postmenopausal bone loss","volume":"7","author":"Zaidi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.23.3.0465","article-title":"Sex steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton","volume":"23","author":"Riggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-020-00218-6","article-title":"Estrogen and bones after menopause: a reappraisal of data and future perspectives","volume":"20","author":"Anagnostis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hormones (Athens)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-025-07422-3","volume":"36","author":"Bhattoa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-024-00892-0","article-title":"Nutrition and osteoporosis prevention","volume":"22","author":"Rizzoli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050196","article-title":"Vitamin K supplementation in postmenopausal females with osteopenia (ECKO trial): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Cheung","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1989.69.3.990","article-title":"Osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein: vitamin K-dependent proteins in bone","volume":"69","author":"Hauschka","year":"1989","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2009.03.012","article-title":"High-dose vitamin K supplementation reduces fracture incidence in postmenopausal females: a review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.49.363","article-title":"Time-dependent effects of vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) on bone metabolism in postmenopausal females","volume":"49","author":"Ozuru","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-008-0034-6","article-title":"Short-term menatetrenone therapy increases gamma-carboxylation of osteocalcin with a moderate increase of bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomized prospective study","volume":"27","author":"Shiraki","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-024-07320-0","article-title":"Gut microbiome and bone health: update on mechanisms, clinical correlations, and possible treatment strategies","volume":"36","author":"Ticinesi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0331-y","article-title":"Gut microbiota, immune system, and bone","volume":"102","author":"D\u2019Amelio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.05.008","article-title":"Connecting the immune system, systemic chronic inflammation and the gut microbiome: the role of sex","volume":"92","author":"Rizzetto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009009","article-title":"A novel probiotic mixture exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mediated by IL-10 producing regulatory T cells","volume":"5","author":"Lavasani","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092368","article-title":"Probiotics protect mice from ovariectomy-induced cortical bone loss","volume":"9","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2014.11.004","article-title":"Effects of the gut microbiota on bone mass","volume":"26","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib24","article-title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation on bone health in postmenopausal females: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4911","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-024-10441-x","article-title":"Differential regulatory effects of probiotics on bone metabolism by the status of bone health and delivery route","volume":"17","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Probiotics. Antimicrob. Proteins."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5977","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13195977","article-title":"The Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LPC100 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP140 on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal females: A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"13","author":"G\u0142ogowska-Szel\u0105g","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.15455","article-title":"Limosilactobacillus reuteri 6475 and Prevention of Early Postmenopausal Bone Loss: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"7","author":"Gregori","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2017.1318724","article-title":"Effects of a multispecies probiotic supplement on bone health in osteopenic postmenopausal females: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Jafarnejad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.153353","article-title":"Combined bioavailable isoflavones and probiotics improve bone status and estrogen metabolism in postmenopausal osteopenic females: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"106","author":"Lambert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12805","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri reduces bone loss in older females with low bone mineral density: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial","volume":"284","author":"Nilsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.12938\/bmfh.18-006","article-title":"Effect of Bacillus subtilis C-3102 on bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal Japanese females: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial","volume":"37","author":"Takimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosci. Microbiota. Food Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.11005\/jbm.2022.29.4.225","article-title":"Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum as a probiotic Agent on bone health in postmenopausal females","volume":"29","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bone Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1401920","article-title":"Effects of daily probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus acidophilus on calcium status, bone metabolism biomarkers, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal females: a controlled and randomized clinical study","volume":"11","author":"Harahap","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e154","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(19)30068-2","article-title":"Probiotic treatment using a mix of three Lactobacillus strains for lumbar spine bone loss in postmenopausal females: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial","volume":"1","author":"Jansson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4141","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2021.1998760","article-title":"Effects of probiotics on bone mineral density and bone turnover: a systematic review","volume":"63","author":"Billington","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-041393","article-title":"Probiotic supplements and bone health in postmenopausal females: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24636","article-title":"Probiotic L. reuteri Treatment Prevents Bone Loss in a Menopausal Ovariectomized Mouse Model","volume":"229","author":"Britton","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16081150","article-title":"The effectiveness of a lactobacilli-based probiotic food supplement on bone mineral density and bone metabolism in Australian early postmenopausal females: protocol for a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Resciniti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.2008.00305.x","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a modified self-administered version of the Active Australia physical activity survey in a sample of mid-age females","volume":"32","author":"Brown","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00191","article-title":"Engineering Lactococcus lactis for increased vitamin K2 production","volume":"8","author":"B\u00f8e","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-022-00348-2","article-title":"One-year supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 counteracts a degradation of gut microbiota in older females with low bone mineral density","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916526001930?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916526001930?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:14:28Z","timestamp":1785885268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916526001930"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916526001930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of 12-month probiotic supplementation on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in early postmenopausal females: A double-blind randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2026.101384","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101384"}}