{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T08:36:31Z","timestamp":1782549391415,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T02:24:38Z","timestamp":1586571878000},"page":"306-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy of ketamine for initial control of acute agitation in the emergency department: A randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Justin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yelena","family":"Figuerado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrienne","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Cannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie C.","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harminder","family":"Sikand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.019","article-title":"Ketamine use for acute agitation in the emergency department","volume":"48","author":"Hopper","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journ of Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0010","series-title":"Violence: the short-term management of disturbed\/violent behaviour in in-patient psychiatric settings and emergency departments","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0015","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for emergency department ketamine dissociative sedation: 2011 update","author":"Green","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565090-00003","article-title":"Pharmacological management of acute agitation","volume":"65","author":"Battaglia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2014.9.23229","article-title":"Prehospital use of IM ketamine for sedation of violent and agitated patients","volume":"XV","author":"Scheppke","year":"2014","journal-title":"West Journ of Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2010.107946","article-title":"Ketamine sedation for patients with acute agitation and psychiatric illness requiring aeromedical retrieval","volume":"29","author":"Cong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2014.10.016","article-title":"The association between ketamine given for prehospital chemical restraint with intubation and hospital admission","volume":"33","author":"Burnett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Journ of Emerg Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.02.026","article-title":"Ketamine as a first-line treatment for severely agitated emergency department patients","volume":"35","author":"Riddell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am Journ of Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0055","article-title":"Comparison of the safety and efficacy of ketamine versus olanzapine for sedation of violent agitated patients in a community emergency department","volume":"2012","author":"Hibbs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann of Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.12763","article-title":"Ketamine reduces the need for intubation in patients with acute severe mental illness and agitation requiring transport to definitive care: an observational study","volume":"29","author":"Parsch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Med Austra"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2016.02.014","article-title":"Use of intranasal ketamine for the severely agitated or violent ED patient","volume":"42","author":"Vrana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journ of Emerg Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X16000819","article-title":"Intubation of profoundly agitated patients treated with prehospital ketamine","volume":"31","author":"Olives","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prehosp and Dis Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2016.1177652","article-title":"A prospective study of ketamine versus haloperidol for severe prehospital agitation","volume":"54","author":"Cole","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Tox"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107138","article-title":"The Richmond agitation-sedation scale. Validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients","volume":"166","author":"Sessler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735675720302412?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735675720302412?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T15:56:41Z","timestamp":1760025401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0735675720302412"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["S0735675720302412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-6757"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-6757","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy of ketamine for initial control of acute agitation in the emergency department: A randomized study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}