{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T22:47:19Z","timestamp":1776898039402,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T00:31:17Z","timestamp":1772843477000},"page":"91-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A comparison of high dose versus low dose intranasal midazolam for sedation in the pediatric emergency department"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Jarrett","family":"Bremmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preeyaporn","family":"Sarangarm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Neubrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1000","article-title":"Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients before, during, and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures","volume":"143","author":"Cot\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.04.063","article-title":"Adverse events and satisfaction with use of intranasal midazolam for emergency department procedures in children","volume":"37","author":"Malia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-5177","article-title":"Intranasal drugs for analgesia and sedation in children admitted to pediatric emergency department: a narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Pansini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0020","first-page":"217","article-title":"Intranasal drug administration for procedural sedation in children admitted to pediatric emergency room","volume":"22","author":"Fantacci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.08.450","article-title":"Optimal volume of Administration of Intranasal Midazolam in children: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"69","author":"Tsze","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(92)90190-9","article-title":"Intranasal midazolam as a sedative for children during laceration repair","volume":"10","author":"Yealy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-263x.2001.00237.x","article-title":"Intra-nasal midazolam in conscious sedation of young paediatric dental patients","volume":"11","author":"al-Rakaf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0040","first-page":"126","article-title":"Nasal versus oral midazolam sedation for pediatric dental patients","volume":"71","author":"Lee-Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dent Child (Chic)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31816ecb6f","article-title":"Atomized intranasal midazolam use for minor procedures in the pediatric emergency department","volume":"24","author":"Lane","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.188433","article-title":"Intranasal lidocaine and midazolam for procedural sedation in children","volume":"96","author":"Chiaretti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4103\/0259-1162.118954","article-title":"Evaluation of intranasal midazolam spray as a sedative in pediatric patients for radiological imaging procedures","volume":"7","author":"Chokshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesth Essays Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap) - A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0065","series-title":"Released 2010. IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 19.0","author":"IBM Corp","year":"2026"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1979.00790160014003","article-title":"Subarachnoid space of the CNS, nasal mucosa, and lymphatic system","volume":"105","author":"Jackson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.1.143","article-title":"Alternative routes of drug administration advantages and disadvantages (subject review). American Academy of Pediatrics","volume":"100","author":"Committee on Drugs","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0080","article-title":"Comparison of midazolam nasal spray to nasal drops for the sedation of children","volume":"24","author":"Ljung","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nucl Med Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.05.029","article-title":"Evaluating clinical effectiveness and pharmacokinetic profile of atomized intranasal midazolam in children undergoing laceration repair","volume":"53","author":"Mellion","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.13261","article-title":"Sedative and behavioral effects of atomized intranasal midazolam in comparison with nebulized midazolam for children undergoing dental treatment: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"35","author":"Elkhatib","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.4103\/jisppd.jisppd_153_24","article-title":"Comparison of intranasal ketamine with intranasal midazolam and dexmedetomidine combination in pediatric dental patients for procedural sedation: a crossover study","volume":"42","author":"Dubey","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0100","first-page":"129","article-title":"Comparison of two intranasal sedatives, midazolam versus Dexmedetomidine, in children with high dental fear: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Salem","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011384","article-title":"Incidence of adverse events in paediatric procedural sedation in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Bellolio","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-003-0874-0","article-title":"Sedation with midazolam for voiding cystourethrography in children: a randomised double-blind study","volume":"33","author":"Stokland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735675726001270?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0735675726001270?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T22:31:29Z","timestamp":1776897089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0735675726001270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["S0735675726001270"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-6757"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-6757","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A comparison of high dose versus low dose intranasal midazolam for sedation in the pediatric emergency department","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.03.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}