{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:24:26Z","timestamp":1787127866802,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007592","name":"Al-Balqa Applied University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arab Journal of Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T03:46:37Z","timestamp":1784864797000},"page":"353-360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sedation practices during gastrointestinal endoscopy among gastroenterologists: A Nationwide cross-sectional study in Jordan"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Tarek","family":"Mazzawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezzat","family":"Jaradat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled A.","family":"Abukhalaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Bawardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layan","family":"Khleifat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Abuazzam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youmna","family":"Abid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faris","family":"Hamoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bara'a","family":"AlTa'amreh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leen","family":"Hajahjeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faris","family":"Allahaseh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jood","family":"Alshaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Al-Khawaldh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v4.i6.260","article-title":"Sedation practices for routine diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Nigeria. World","volume":"4","author":"Nwokediuko","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-018-0843-z","article-title":"Sedation practices in gastrointestinal endoscopy\u2014a survey from southern India","volume":"37","author":"Zacharias","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0015","first-page":"366","article-title":"Endoscopic sedation practices of Greek gastroenterologists: a nationwide survey","volume":"33","author":"Protopapas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-814117","article-title":"Preparation, premedication, and surveillance","volume":"36","author":"Bell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200204000-00031","article-title":"American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on sedation and analgesia by non-anesthesiologists. Practice guidelines for sedation and analgesia by non-anesthesiologists","volume":"96","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.09.029","article-title":"Sedation and anesthesia in GI endoscopy","volume":"68","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0035","first-page":"259","article-title":"Endoscopist-administered propofol sedation is safe - a prospective evaluation of 10,000 patients in an outpatient practice","volume":"21","author":"Friedrich","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gastrointestinal Liver Diseases : JGLD"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rex DK, Deenadayalu VP, Eid E, Imperiale TF, Walker JA, Sandhu K, et al. Endoscopist-directed administration of propofol: a worldwide safety experience. Gastroenterology 2009;137:1229\u201337; quiz 1518\u20139. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.06.042.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.06.042"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1159\/000285248","article-title":"Sedation practices for gastrointestinal endoscopy in Europe, North America, Asia, Africa, and Australia","volume":"82","author":"Ladas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.2021306","article-title":"Academy of medicine, Singapore clinical guideline on the use of sedation by non-anaesthesiologists during gastrointestinal endoscopy in the hospital setting","volume":"51","author":"Ang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0055","series-title":"Gastrointestinal endoscopy sedation and monitoring practices in Spain: A Nationwide survey in the year 2014","author":"Lucendo","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i4.463","article-title":"Sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: current issues","volume":"19","author":"Triantafillidis","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl210466","article-title":"Endoscopist-driven sedation practices in South Korea: re-evaluation considering the Nationwide survey in 2019","volume":"16","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1335104","article-title":"Endoscopic sedation and monitoring practice in Germany: re-evaluation from the first nationwide survey 3 years after the implementation of an evidence and consent-based national guideline","volume":"51","author":"Riphaus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/jcag\/gwz011","article-title":"Endoscopist-directed Propofol as an adjunct to standard sedation: a Canadian experience","volume":"3","author":"Heron","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Can Assoc Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-826143","article-title":"Changing patterns of sedation and monitoring practice during endoscopy: results of a nationwide survey in Switzerland","volume":"37","author":"Heuss","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.03.003","article-title":"Endoscopic sedation in Greece: results from a nationwide survey for the Hellenic foundation of gastroenterology and nutrition","volume":"41","author":"Paspatis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2011.04.012","article-title":"Sedation and monitoring for gastrointestinal endoscopy: a nationwide web survey in Italy","volume":"43","author":"Fanti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.04.004","article-title":"National survey on sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy in 2758 Chinese hospitals","volume":"127","author":"Sneyd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000097466","article-title":"Use of sedation for routine diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Survey of National Endoscopy Society members","volume":"74","author":"Ladas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl15343","article-title":"Room for quality improvement in endoscopist-directed sedation: results from the first nationwide survey in Korea","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0115","article-title":"British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy","author":"Sidhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2014.01.011","article-title":"Safety of non-anaesthesiologist-administered propofol sedation in ERCP","volume":"15","author":"Khan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arab J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79798-7","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygen in patients undergoing ERCP under sedation","volume":"11","author":"Cha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255728","article-title":"European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and associates, and the European Society of Anaesthesiology Guideline: non-anesthesiologist administration of propofol for GI endoscopy","volume":"42","author":"Dumonceau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2006.12.040","article-title":"A national study of cardiopulmonary unplanned events after GI endoscopy {a figure is presented}","volume":"66","author":"Sharma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000542380","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of anesthetic and sedative regimens for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a network meta-analysis","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8701791","article-title":"Sedation\/analgesia administration practice varies according to endoscopy facility (hospital- or office-based) setting: results from a nationwide survey in Greece","volume":"2020","author":"Tziatzios","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2013.09.015","article-title":"Developing a moderate sedation policy: essential elements and evidence-based considerations","volume":"99","author":"Caperelli-White","year":"2014","journal-title":"AORN J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.12.037","article-title":"Substantial increase in anesthesia assistance for outpatient colonoscopy and associated cost Nationwide","volume":"17","author":"Krigel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06491-0","article-title":"Unsedated colonoscopy: impact on quality indicators","volume":"65","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5113","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i17.5113","article-title":"Sedated vs unsedated colonoscopy: a prospective study","volume":"20","author":"Aljebreen","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v16.i7.413","article-title":"Sedation reversal trends at outpatient ambulatory endoscopic center vs in-hospital ambulatory procedure center using a triage protocol","volume":"16","author":"Walayat","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2014-100460","article-title":"Risk factors for endoscopic sedation reversal events: a five-year retrospective study","volume":"6","author":"Zakeri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-134","article-title":"Synergistic sedation with low-dose midazolam and propofol for colonoscopies","volume":"32","author":"Reimann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0185","article-title":"Propofol for sedation during colonoscopy","volume":"2008","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0190","series-title":"Propofol combined with fentanyl is superior to propofol alone in sedation protocols for painless gastrointestinal endoscopy","volume":"2021","author":"Chang","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2162-2","article-title":"The burden of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed with the patient under conscious sedation","volume":"26","author":"Jeurnink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-33567","article-title":"Evaluation of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography under conscious sedation and general anesthesia","volume":"34","author":"Raymondos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12678","article-title":"Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of propofol sedation by anesthesiologists and gastroenterologist-led teams using computer-assisted personalized sedation during upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy","volume":"28","author":"Kashiwagi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0210","series-title":"The comparison of midazolam and Propofol in gastrointestinal endoscopy: A systematic review and Meta-analysis","author":"Zhang","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4166\/kjg.2017.69.1.55","article-title":"Safety of non-anesthesiologist Administration of Propofol for gastrointestinal endoscopy","volume":"69","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Korean J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2014-100551","article-title":"Safe sedation practices among gastroenterology registrars: do we need more training?","volume":"6","author":"Mohanaruban","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E654","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2165-6388","article-title":"Updated S3 guideline sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy of the German Society of Gastroenterology, digestive and metabolic diseases (DGVS) - June 2023 - AWMF-register-No021\/014","volume":"61","author":"Wehrmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527321666220831093652","article-title":"Comparison of the sedative effect of ketamine, magnesium sulfate, and Propofol in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: double-blinded randomized clinical trial","volume":"22","author":"Shafiee","year":"2023","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527320666211006141406","article-title":"Comparing the efficacy and safety of Dexmedetomidine\/ketamine with Propofol\/fentanyl for sedation in colonoscopy patients: a Doubleblinded randomized clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Aminnejad","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"}],"container-title":["Arab Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1687197926000705?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1687197926000705?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T07:27:26Z","timestamp":1787124446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1687197926000705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1687197926000705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-1979"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-1979","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sedation practices during gastrointestinal endoscopy among gastroenterologists: A Nationwide cross-sectional study in Jordan","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajg.2026.06.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}