{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T06:44:18Z","timestamp":1769841858205,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajicjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Infection Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,5]],"date-time":"2015-07-05T11:32:25Z","timestamp":1436095945000},"page":"971-976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Use of copper-silver ionization for the control of legionellae in alkaline environments at health care facilities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"David M.","family":"Dziewulski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Ingles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neculai","family":"Codru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Strepelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dianna","family":"Schoonmaker-Bopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00291-8","article-title":"Hospital-acquired legionellosis: solutions for a preventable infection","volume":"2","author":"Sabria","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1086\/518754","article-title":"Role of environmental surveillance in determining risk of hospital-acquired legionellosis: a national surveillance study with clinical correlations","volume":"28","author":"Stout","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guidelines for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"46","year":"1997","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1086\/647762","article-title":"Controlling Legionella in hospital water systems Lin: experience with the superheat-and-flush method and copper-silver ionization","volume":"19","author":"Stout","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2005.03.012","article-title":"Efficacy of new point-of-use water filter for preventing exposure to Legionella and waterborne bacteria","author":"Sheffer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1086\/501645","article-title":"Treatment of Legionella pneumophila-colonized water distribution system using copper-silver ionization and continuous chlorination","volume":"20","author":"Biurrun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1086\/518847","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of chlorine dioxide for Legionella control in a hospital water system","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1086\/657934","article-title":"Controlling Legionella in hospital drinking water: an evidence-based review of disinfection methods","volume":"32","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1086\/502251","article-title":"Experiences of the first 16 hospitals using copper-silver ionization for Legionella control: implications for the evaluation of other disinfection modalities","volume":"24","author":"Stout","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1086\/313512","article-title":"Four years of experience with silver-copper ionization for control of legionella in a German university hospital hot water plumbing system","volume":"29","author":"Rohr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.6.2711-2715.2002","article-title":"Negative effect of high pH on biocidal efficacy of copper and silver ions in controlling Legionella pneumophila","volume":"68","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02174-09","article-title":"Efficacy of copper-silver ionization in controlling biofilm- and plankton-associated waterborne pathogens","volume":"76","author":"Shih","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kool JL, Bergmire-Sweat D, Butler JC, Brown EW, Peabody DJ, Massi DS, et al. Hospital characteristics associated with colonization of water systems by Legionella and risk of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease: A cohort study of 15 hospitals Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999;20:798-805.","DOI":"10.1086\/501587"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib14","series-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","first-page":"9-34","article-title":"Heterotrophic plate count, method 9215","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib15","series-title":"Manual of clinical microbiology","first-page":"572","article-title":"Legionella","author":"Washington","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2010.02.002","article-title":"Environmental culturing for Legionella: can we build a better mouse trap?","volume":"38","author":"Stout","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.01.013","article-title":"Assessing risk of health care-associated Legionnnaires' disease from environmental sampling: the limits of using a strict percent positivity approach","volume":"40","author":"Allen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2014.06.032","article-title":"Editorial commentary: risk assessment and prediction for health care-associated Legionnaires' disease: percent distal site positivity as a cut point","volume":"42","author":"Pierre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1086\/516283","article-title":"Intermittent use of copper-silver ionization for Legionella control in water distribution systems: a potential option in building housing low risk individuals","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1086\/342884","article-title":"Infection due to Legionella species other than L. pneumophila","volume":"35","author":"Muder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.1.56-59.2006","article-title":"Legionella anisa, a possible indicator of water contamination by Legionella pneumophila","volume":"44","author":"van der Mee-Marquet","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.6.5.637","article-title":"Antibacterial effects of silver electrodes with weak direct currents","volume":"6","author":"Spadaro","year":"1974","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-5861(96)00203-9","article-title":"The development and functions of silver in water purification and disease control","volume":"36","author":"Davies","year":"1997","journal-title":"Catalysis Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib24","series-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","first-page":"2-44","article-title":"Conductivity, method 2510","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib25","unstructured":"Lenntech, Water Treatment Solutions. Conductivity convertor. Available from: http:\/\/www.lenntech.com\/calculators\/conductivity\/tds-engels.htm. Accessed January 27,\u00a02014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-6445(03)00047-0","article-title":"Bacterial silver resistance: molecular biology and uses and misuses of silver compounds","volume":"27","author":"Silver","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib27","first-page":"423","article-title":"Comparison of disinfectants for biofilm, protozoa and Legionella control","volume":"3","author":"Loret","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Water Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018_bib28","first-page":"38","article-title":"A\u00a0limited evaluation of pitting corrosion of copper piping in a hospital domestic hot water system using Cu-silver ionization for Legionella control","volume":"4","author":"Boffardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Analyst Technology Supplement"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Infection Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196655315006069?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196655315006069?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T05:44:21Z","timestamp":1759297461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196655315006069"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0196655315006069"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-6553"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-6553","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Use of copper-silver ionization for the control of legionellae in alkaline environments at health care facilities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Infection Control","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2015.05.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}