{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T13:29:31Z","timestamp":1777987771875,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HG22C0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HG22C0017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajicjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Infection Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T07:54:53Z","timestamp":1765526093000},"page":"666-672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nurse infection risk by facility level of isolation wards during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative analysis in a South Korean public hospital (2022-2023)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Soonjung","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3383-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonghyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8915-2710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minki","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin Yong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinsil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9138-4721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawoon","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.10.007","article-title":"2007 guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in health care settings","volume":"35","author":"Siegel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib2","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 on nursing practice: lessons learned and future trends","volume":"15","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6915e6","article-title":"Characteristics of health care personnel with COVID-19 - United States, February 12-April 9, 2020","volume":"69","author":"CDC COVID-19 Response Team","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/21548331.2020.1771010","article-title":"Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on health-care workers","volume":"48","author":"Harrison","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hosp Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30644-9","article-title":"COVID-19: protecting health-care workers","volume":"395","author":"Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3390\/hospitals1010008","article-title":"Transformational leadership\u2014quality achievements and benefits for the healthcare organizations: a scoping review","volume":"1","author":"Tsapnidou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hospitals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib7","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The impact of COVID-19 on health and care workers: a closer look at deaths; 2021.\u00a0Accessed January 16, 2025. https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/345300."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guidelines for environmental infection control in health-care facilities","volume":"52","author":"Sehulster","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2022.37.e308","article-title":"Rates of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers in designated COVID-19 wards and general wards","volume":"37","author":"Jung","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib10","unstructured":"Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Nationally designated negative pressure isolation unit operation and management guidelines; 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.25080\/Majora-92bf1922-011","article-title":"Statsmodels: econometric and statistical modeling with python","volume":"7","author":"Seabold","year":"2010","journal-title":"SciPy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112560","article-title":"Airborne spread of measles in a suburban elementary school","volume":"107","author":"Riley","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.15682\/jkiha.2016.22.4.79","article-title":"Isolation effectiveness by progressive space organization in negative pressured isolation unit","volume":"22","author":"Kwon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Korea Inst Healthc Archit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1177\/1420326X211063422","article-title":"A vertical laminar airflow system to prevent aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in building space: computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental approach","volume":"31","author":"Jeong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indoor Built Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1177\/1355819621994866","article-title":"Use of single-bed rooms may decrease the incidence of hospital-acquired infections in geriatric patients: a retrospective cohort study in Central Denmark region","volume":"26","author":"Gregersen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Health Serv Res Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib16","article-title":"Effect of single-patient room design on the incidence of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.06.004","article-title":"Isolation anterooms: important components of airborne infection control","volume":"41","author":"Subhash","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.828845","article-title":"The effectiveness of the anteroom (vestibule) area on hospital infection control and health staff safety: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Andalib","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2021.107926","article-title":"A systematic approach to estimating the effectiveness of multi-scale IAQ strategies for reducing the risk of airborne infection of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"200","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2023.110954","article-title":"A systematic review of ventilation solutions for hospital wards: addressing cross-infection and patient safety","volume":"247","author":"Nourozi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2016.04.005","article-title":"Prevention by design: construction and renovation of health care facilities for patient safety and infection prevention","volume":"30","author":"Olmsted","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin N Am"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Infection Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196655325007448?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196655325007448?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:57:44Z","timestamp":1777985864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196655325007448"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0196655325007448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-6553"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-6553","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nurse infection risk by facility level of isolation wards during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative analysis in a South Korean public hospital (2022-2023)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Infection Control","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2025.12.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}