{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T01:06:44Z","timestamp":1789088804809,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajicjournal.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Infection Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T06:46:44Z","timestamp":1780037204000},"page":"1084-1089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Age-related clinical and therapeutic differences during a hospital outbreak of Clostridioides difficile infection in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Arias-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Casadiego-Payares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilo","family":"Acosta-Parada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Bare\u00f1o-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00610-0","article-title":"Capturing the environment of the Clostridioides difficile infection cycle","volume":"19","author":"Schnizlein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00660-2","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile toxins: mechanisms of action and antitoxin therapeutics","volume":"20","author":"Kordus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S463","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad644","article-title":"Gastroenterology and Clostridioides difficile infection: past, present, and future","volume":"77","author":"Kelly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.09.004","article-title":"Risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"130","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-062307","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile infection in children: recent updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy","volume":"152","author":"Shirley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051590","article-title":"An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile","volume":"353","author":"McDonald","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67420-X","article-title":"Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease","volume":"366","author":"Warny","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2022.102547","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile in Latin America: a comprehensive review of literature (1984\u20132021)","volume":"74","author":"Acu\u00f1a-Amador","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.v37i1.2915","article-title":"Perfil cl\u00ednico y demogr\u00e1fico y factores de riesgo frente a la infecci\u00f3n por Clostridium difficile","volume":"37","author":"Carvajal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.v39i2.3950","article-title":"Infecci\u00f3n por Clostridium difficile: descripci\u00f3n de las cepas NAP1\/027 y de otros serotipos en un centro de alta complejidad de Cali, Colombia, 2012\u20132015","volume":"39","author":"O\u00f1ate-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biom\u00e9dica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00021-17","article-title":"Understanding Clostridium difficile colonization","volume":"31","author":"Crobach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181d29767","article-title":"Asymptomatic colonization by Clostridium difficile in infants: implications for disease pathogenesis","volume":"51","author":"Jangi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib13","series-title":"National Healthcare Safety Network Patient Safety Component Manual","article-title":"CDC\/NHSN surveillance definitions for specific types of infections","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2992","article-title":"Clostridium difficile infection in infants and children","volume":"131","author":"Schutze","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib15","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile and the microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Seekatz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib16","first-page":"523","article-title":"Recent advances in the understanding of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis and Clostridioides difficile infection","volume":"12","author":"Spigaglia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1403772","article-title":"Clostridium difficile infection","volume":"372","author":"Leffler","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1029","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab549","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America: 2021 focused update guidelines on management of Clostridioides difficile infection in adults","volume":"73","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.09.038","article-title":"European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: 2021 update on the treatment guidance document for Clostridioides difficile infection in adults","volume":"27","author":"van Prehn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102604","article-title":"Guideline for the management of Clostridioides difficile infection in pediatric patients with cancer and hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: 2024 update","volume":"72","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.03.001","article-title":"How to: Clostridioides difficile infection in children","volume":"28","author":"Krutova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02945-23","article-title":"A diagnostic stewardship approach to prevent unnecessary testing of an enteric bacterial molecular panel","volume":"11","author":"Campod\u00f3nico","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1418","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf445","article-title":"Multiplex polymerase chain reaction panels for gastrointestinal infections: current evidence, regulatory hurdles, and the way forward","volume":"12","author":"Tansarli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae085","article-title":"The strain and the clinical outcome of Clostridioides difficile infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Abou Chakra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2017.02.002","article-title":"The recognition and characterisation of Finnish Clostridium difficile isolates resembling PCR-ribotype 027","volume":"51","author":"Krutova","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2023.18","article-title":"Strategies to prevent Clostridioides difficile infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 update","volume":"44","author":"Kociolek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Infection Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196655326005237?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196655326005237?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:09:40Z","timestamp":1789085380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196655326005237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0196655326005237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-6553"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-6553","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Age-related clinical and therapeutic differences during a hospital outbreak of Clostridioides difficile infection in Colombia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Infection Control","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2026.05.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}