{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:04:19Z","timestamp":1793880259279,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]],"date-time":"2007-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,1]],"date-time":"2007-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajo.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T10:34:59Z","timestamp":1190111699000},"page":"761-768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Ribonucleic Acid Interference Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1\u03b1"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Farzin","family":"Forooghian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bikul","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.10.012","article-title":"Changes in retinal neovascularization after pegaptanib (Macugen) therapy in diabetic individuals","volume":"113","author":"Adamis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.064","article-title":"Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"113","author":"Avery","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0622","article-title":"Argon laser photocoagulation-induced modification of gene expression in the retina","volume":"44","author":"Wilson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.098004","article-title":"Triamcinolone acetonide suppresses early proangiogenic response in retinal pigment epithelial cells after photodynamic therapy in vitro","volume":"91","author":"Obata","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1159\/000098502","article-title":"Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic retinopathy","volume":"39","author":"Jonas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1076\/soph.16.1.12.4223","article-title":"Light panretinal photocoagulation (LPRP) versus classic panretinal photocoagulation (CPRP) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"16","author":"Bandello","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041773","article-title":"Erythropoietin as a retinal angiogenic factor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"353","author":"Watanabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0556","article-title":"Erythropoietin is expressed in the human retina and it is highly elevated in the vitreous fluid of patients with diabetic macular edema","volume":"29","author":"Hernandez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.01.016","article-title":"Oxygen-dependent diseases in the retina: role of hypoxia-inducible factors","volume":"83","author":"Arjamaa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-006-0422-x","article-title":"Up-regulation of HIF-1alpha and VEGF expression by elevated glucose concentration and hypoxia in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"26","author":"Xiao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0305-243","article-title":"A crucial test","volume":"11","author":"Check","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1159\/000267929","article-title":"Angiogenin levels in the vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"28","author":"Ozaki","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/09273940490518900","article-title":"Interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-8 levels and cellular composition of the vitreous humor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy","volume":"13","author":"Canataroglu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01538.x","article-title":"Interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and IL-10 in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"22","author":"Hernandez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib15","first-page":"3576","article-title":"Elevation of vitreous leptin in diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment","volume":"41","author":"Gariano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib16","first-page":"109","article-title":"Increased expression of placenta growth factor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"78","author":"Khaliq","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.3.228","article-title":"Intravitreal growth factors in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: correlation with neovascular activity and glycemic management","volume":"81","author":"Boulton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20070101-01","article-title":"Increased levels of transforming growth factor-betal and -beta2 in the aqueous humor of patients with neovascular glaucoma","volume":"38","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01269-7","article-title":"Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 in the aqueous humor of diabetics with macular edema","volume":"133","author":"Funatsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-004-0950-7","article-title":"Aqueous humor levels of cytokines are related to vitreous levels and progression of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients","volume":"243","author":"Funatsu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.11.015","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and secretion by retinal pigment epithelial cells in high glucose and hypoxia is protein kinase C-dependent","volume":"80","author":"Young","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00560.x","article-title":"Polarized secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 by human retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"112","author":"Holtkamp","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.10342","article-title":"Phenotypic change regulates monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"197","author":"Uetama","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(92)90177-T","article-title":"Coexpression of FGF-5 and bFGF by the retinal pigment epithelium in vitro","volume":"55","author":"Bost","year":"1992","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0539-2","article-title":"Placental growth factor-1 and epithelial hemato-retinal barrier breakdown: potential implication in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"50","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20839","article-title":"Interferon-gamma differentially regulates TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells through JAK-STAT pathway","volume":"210","author":"Nagineni","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680500514636","article-title":"Inhibition of ocular angiogenesis by diced small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)","volume":"31","author":"Murata","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8339","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0121","article-title":"Inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/Akt pathway by inositol pentakisphosphate results in anti-angiogenic and antitumor effects","volume":"65","author":"Maffucci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3817","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-1528","article-title":"Hypoxia induces the expression of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase in retinal glial cells","volume":"46","author":"Noda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00446-7","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor upregulates pigment epithelium-derived factor expression via VEGFR-1 in human retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"303","author":"Ohno-Matsui","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041640219","article-title":"Vasculotropin\/vascular endothelial growth factor is an autocrine growth factor for human retinal pigment epithelial cells cultured in vitro","volume":"164","author":"Guerrin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(96)00159-8","article-title":"Nuclear factor-kappa B","volume":"29","author":"Barnes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-005-1413-7","article-title":"Hypoxia-responsive transcription factors","volume":"450","author":"Cummins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib34","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Role of NF-kappaB-mediated interleukin-8 expression in intraocular neovascularization","volume":"39","author":"Yoshida","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704103361506","article-title":"Nuclear factor-kappaB: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases","volume":"336","author":"Barnes","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81318-5","article-title":"NF-kappaB: 10 years after","volume":"87","author":"Baeuerle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.12.095","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor signalling in endothelial cell survival: a role for NF-kappaB","volume":"340","author":"Grosjean","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.5.1131","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor activates nuclear factor-kappaB and induces monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in bovine retinal endothelial cells","volume":"48","author":"Marumo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7267","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-4575","article-title":"A hypoxia-driven vascular endothelial growth factor\/Flt1 autocrine loop interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha through mitogen-activated protein kinase\/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2 pathway in neuroblastoma","volume":"65","author":"Das","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7270.2007.00249.x","article-title":"Hypoxia induces transforming growth factor-beta1 gene expression in the pulmonary artery of rats via hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha","volume":"39","author":"Jiang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl041","article-title":"Hypoxic conditions stimulate the production of angiogenin and vascular endothelial growth factor by human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells in culture","volume":"21","author":"Nakamura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2005.01331.x","article-title":"Immune responses to dsRNA: implications for gene silencing technologies","volume":"83","author":"Karpala","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116877","article-title":"Vitreous levels of the insulin-like growth factors I and II, and the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 2 and 3, increase in neovascular eye disease","volume":"92","author":"Meyer-Schwickerath","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63311-1","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I plays a pathogenetic role in diabetic retinopathy","volume":"165","author":"Poulaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000258979.92828.bc","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species activate the HIF-1alpha promoter via a functional NFkappaB site","volume":"27","author":"Bonello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgh227","article-title":"Hepatocyte growth factor-activated NF-kappaB regulates HIF-1 activity and ODC expression, implicated in survival, differently in different carcinoma cell lines","volume":"25","author":"Tacchini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2004.08.006","article-title":"Noise amidst the silence: off-target effects of siRNAs?","volume":"20","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Genet"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002939407006629?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002939407006629?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T12:55:28Z","timestamp":1757595328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002939407006629"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002939407006629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9394"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9394","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Ribonucleic Acid Interference Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1\u03b1","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}